scholarly journals Comparison of the Efficiency of Lepidium sativum, Ficus carica, and Punica granatum Methanolic Extracts in Relieving Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Shimaa Ramadan ◽  
Amany Mohamed Hegab ◽  
Yahya S. Al-Awthan ◽  
Mohammed Ali Al-Duais ◽  
Ahmed A. Tayel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Background. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels that occurs either due to insufficient insulin production or mounting resistance to its action. The purpose of this study was to investigate if methanolic extracts of Lepidium sativum seeds, Ficus carica, and Punica granatum leaves had any effect on blood sugar levels in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats, as well as to explore the most effective extract. Method. Healthy male albino rats weighing 185-266 g were divided into nine groups of eight rats each: normal control, diabetic control, diabetic rats with dietary supplements of L. sativum, F. carica, and P. granatum methanolic extracts, and diabetics treated with insulin. All of the rats were fed on ordinary diet with nutritional pellets and were given water ad libitum. To induce diabetes, all animals were administered with STZ intraperitoneal injection at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight. For five weeks, the crude plant extracts were given orally to various groups of rats at doses of one hundred and two hundred mg/kg body weight. After that, animal groups were sacrificed and blood samples were taken. Results. Phytochemical analysis revealed that the highest amounts of polyphenolic compounds were present in L. sativum seeds and P. granatum leaves, while leaves of F. carica showed the highest amounts of alkaloid and flavonoid content compared to other extracts. Oral administration of F. carica and L. sativum extracts at the dosage of 100 and 200 mg/kg significantly reduced glucose, lipid profile, kidney, and liver enzyme levels. A significant increase in HbAlc levels was also observed with L. sativum extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg compared to diabetic controls. Mellitus rats supplemented with 100 and 200 mg/kg methanolic extracts of P. granatum had higher serum triglycerides and lower serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) than normal control rats. F. carica extract is more effective than L. sativum and P. granatum extracts in the prevention and control of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its consequences.

Antihyperglycemic activity of Ficus carica leaves extracts on Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 4151-4156
Author(s):  
Tathagata Roy ◽  
Susanta Paul ◽  
Victor Roy Chowdhury ◽  
Arijit Das ◽  
Srikanta Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Antihyperglycemic Activity ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Antihyperglycemic activity of leave extracts of Ficus carica was evaluated on STZ induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in albino Wistar rats of either sex by intraperitoneal (60mg/kg b.w.) of STZ, freshly dissolved in citrate buffer (0.01 M, pH 4.5). Ficus carica leave extract in different solution (viz. petroleum ether, ethyloacetate, methanol and aqueous) were administered to diabetic rats for 9 days. The effect of extracts on blood glucose and body weight was studies on day 1st and 9th. The study showed that the ethyl acetate, methanolic and aqueous extract of Ficus sarmentosa leaves reduced blood glucose level and body weight significantly. This may justify the use of ficus species as ethanomedical medicine for treatment of diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Treatment of Diabetic Condition in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wister Rats Using Food Blends Such as Unripe Plantain, Soybean and Ginger

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
I. Iwanegbe ◽  
M. Suleiman ◽  
A. Jimah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Aims: To investigate the effect of food blends (plantain, soybean and ginger) on the blood glucose, lipid profile and haematological indices on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methodology: A total of 35 rats of mean body weight 219.07 g separated into7 groups (5 per group) where induced by a single intraperitoneal (I.P) injection of streptozotocin (0.1 g dissolved in 5 ml of freshly prepared sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5) at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight after fasting for 12 hours and fed with flours/blends. The flours were produced from plant materials for different treatments/blends (blend A=100% unripe plantain, B=80% unripe plantain, 14% soybean, 6% ginger, C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger, D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger, E= 50% unripe plantain, 50% soybean) and the phytochemicals and minerals content were determined. Blood glucose was determined at 5 days interval for 25 days. Diabetes was confirmed in rats with blood glucose concentrations >200 mg/dl. After 25 days rats were anaesthetized with chloroform vapour and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for haematology and lipid profile determination. Results: The results showed that unripe plantain, soya beans and ginger in adequate proportion(C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger or D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger) could help to reduce blood glucose, improve haematological parameters and lipid profile. Significant reduction was observed in the blood glucose level of rats fed blends C and D from 286 to 85 mg/dl and 307 to 90 mg/dl respectively at the end of experiment. These results also demonstrated that the inclusion of ginger at 6% causes rise in blood glucose level. Total cholesterol (TC) increased in all the blends. However, the lowest concentration of TC was observed in blends C and D. The highest packed cell volume (60%) and Haemoglobin (20 g/dl) level observed in rats fed blend C was significantly higher than the normal control fed conventional feeds. The increase in packed cell volume (PCV) (50%) and Hb (17 g/dl) in diabetic rats demonstrated that the formulated blend C was able to raise PCV and Hb above 50% and 17 g/dl (Normal control NC) respectively. Significant increase (P<0.05) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) was also observed in all the blends with blend C having the least (4.0 mg/dl) close to NC (2.0 mg/dl). Conclusion: From the results it is evident that blend C will manage and improve the health status of diabetic patients.

scholarly journals The role of nicotinamide in the correction of renal function in diabetic nephropathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-221
Author(s):  
L. V. Yanitskaya ◽  
L. F. Osinskaya ◽  
A. V. Redko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Cortical Layer ◽  
The Difference

Hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus leads to the activation of the polyol way of oxidation of glucose with the activation of the enzymes of aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase and of their coenzymes NADPH and NAD, which triggers the mechanism of formation of sorbitol. The consequences of these changes lead to microangiopathy of the tissues of the kidneys, which may be one of the pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic nephropathy. In an accessible literature, the role of coenzymes of sorbitol pathway in the development of diabetic nephropathy is not sufficiently defined. The purpose of the study was to study the content of NAD and NADPH coenzymes, their correlation, and their role in the mechanism of kidney damage in diabetes mellitus and to predict the possible correction of these changes with the NAD-nicotinamide derivative. The study was conducted on a model of streptotrozectinic diabetes mellitus (single administration of streptozotocin in a dose of 60 mg per 1 kg of body weight). Four weeks after induction of diabetes, nicotinamide (100 mg per 1 kg body weight) was injected. The level of glucose was determined by the Accu-chek (Roshe Diagnostics, Switzerland) glucose meter. The content of NAD and NADH was determined in the non-protein extracts. The statistical analysis was carried out using the Microsoft Excel statistical analysis program. The difference between the indicators was considered statistically significant (p<0.05). The NAD level was reduced by 31%, the NAD/NADN ratio was 32%. The dependence of the ratio of NADP/NADPN in conditions of hyperglycemia of diabetes mellitus with clinical manifestations of diabetic nephropathy is determined. A decrease in the ratio of NADP/NADPN to 38% in the rat kidney in the cortical layer was detected. The introduction of nicotinamide normalized the reduced content of NAD diabetic rats. These results provide perspectives for further research in which nicotinamide can be used as a renal protector.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity and Dose Fixation Studies on Chloroxylon swietenia Dc Bark Extracts on Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 8-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jayaprasad ◽  
P.S. Sharavanan ◽  
R. Sivaraj
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Metabolic Disease ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Toxic Reactions ◽  
Chloroxylon Swietenia

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease with the highest rates of prevalence and mortality worldwide. Chloroxylonswietenia has been used extensively in folkloric medicine. The present study aims to determine the acute toxicity of Chloroxylonswietenia bark methanol (CSBMEt) and aqueous extracts (CSBAEt) (100, 150, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg body weight) and dose fixation of CSBMEt and CSBAEt in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced in male albino wistar rats by single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50mg/kg b.w). The diabetic rats were administered with Chloroxylonswietenia bark extracts (CSBMEt and CSBAEt) (75,125 and 250mg/kg b.w) orally by intragastric intubation for 15 days. Acute toxicity studies revealed the non-toxic nature of the CSBMEt and CSBAEt. No lethality or toxic reactions found at any doses until the end of study, whereas 75 and 125 mg/kg b.w. doses of CSBMEt and CSBAEt produce no significant changes in the diabetic rats and 250mg/kg b.w. of CSBMEt and CSBAEt have significant change in the blood glucose. The results conclude that, there was no toxicity observed up to 1000mg/kg b.w. of both the extracts and 250mg/kg b.w. of CSBMEt and CSBAEt can be used as effective dose to treat diabetes.

scholarly journals Anti-hyperglycemic Effects of Diacerein in Alloxan-Induced Diabetes Mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats

2020 ◽  
pp. 107-113
Author(s):  
Arsalan Uqaili ◽  
Samia Siddiqui ◽  
Roomi Aijaz ◽  
Yar Muhammad Nizammani ◽  
Navaid Kazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: To determine the anti-hyperglycemic effects of interleukin-1 inhibitor (diacerein) in alloxan induced diabetic albino wistar rats. This experimental study was performed at the Department of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam within 6 months from April 2016 to September 2016. Total of 160 adult Albino Wistar Rats having an average of 200 to 300 grams body weights were selected. Animals were categorized into 4 groups as; Group A (n=15): Control rats – receive 0.9% normal saline as placebo Experimental Groups Group B (n=15): Experimental Control (Diabetic rats) - Alloxan50 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneal. Group C (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (30 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Group D (n=15): Diabetic rats + Diacerein (50 mg/kg/day) orally daily. Animals were kept and treated as per the NIH Guideline for Use and Care of Laboratory Animals. Diabetes mellitus was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 milligram/kg alloxan monohydrated dissolved in aseptic 0.9% saline. After 72 hours, blood specimens were taken from the caudal vein of the rats and glucose level>200 mg/dL was taken as diabetes. Experimental rats were given diacerein approximately 30 and 50 mg orally for 6 weeks. At the completion of experiment the body weight was measured of each animal by electronic measuring balance and blood sample was taken from each animal of all groups to assess the blood glucose level and HbA1c level. Data were recorded via self-made proforma and analysis was done by using SPSS version 20. Results: Average body weight of Diabetic control (Group B) was 193.33±22.50 grams, which was lower in contrast to Diacerein treated group C 202.47±25.70 grams and significantly lower as compared to Diacerein treated group D as  212.6±23.43 grams. A significant increase in blood glucose levels 182.07±10.63 mg/dl was noted in the Diabetic control (Group B) compared to Diacerein treated group C (110.13± 8.54 mg/dl) and group D (85.87±8.41 mg/dl) (P=0.001). HbA1c was markedly raised in the Group B- diabetic controls, while diacerein treated diabetic rats (groups C and D) showed a significant decrease in HbA1c (P=0.001). Conclusion: It was concluded that Diacerein achieves the Euglycemic state by reducing the levels of blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Alloxan-Induced diabetes mellitus in Wistar Albino Rats.

scholarly journals FUNCTIONAL POTENTIAL OF UNCONVENTIONAL PLANT SOURCES

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
SANCHITA CHANDRAKANT SANGLE ◽  
NIKITA MANOHARAN ◽  
KIRTI LIMGAOKAR ◽  
ANUKRITI NIGAM
Keyword(s):  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Punica Granatum ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Objective: Plant phenols are extensively studied, thanks to their many prophylactic (anti-tumoural, ulcer, inflammatory) and therapeutic effects. Their many antioxidants may protect against diabetes, cancer, autoimmune diseases. Our objective was to evaluate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of our samples: Cocos nucifera (shell), Punica granatum (peel), Citrus limonum (rind), and Ocimum sanctum (stem); in conjugation with phytochemical analysis. Methods: The hydro-methanolic extracts of the selected plant parts were assessed for polyphenols. Antioxidant (ferric reducing power assay) and antibacterial (Kirby Bauer disc diffusion) assays were run for varying concentrations against-Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella typhi. Results: The results showed that the samples all contained polyphenols with high total phenolic activity in pomegranate and high antibacterial activity in coconut. A more comprehensive study could lead to their emphatic incorporation into mainstream medicine and pharmaceuticals–furnishing natural alternatives to their chemical counterparts. Conclusion: The present study concludes that hydro-methanolic extracts of the samples contain phytochemicals in high concentrations, conferring upon them promising antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.

scholarly journals Extract Ethanol of Poguntano in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 251-254
Author(s):  
Sry Suryani Widjaja ◽  
Rusdiana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Diabetic Control ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Blood Glucose ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Back Ground: Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic disease with high blood glucose level above 150 mg/dL over a prolonged period. The elevated of blood glucose, free fatty acid and insulin resistance will cause the endothelial dysfunction, hemostasis disturbances that lead to micro and macrovascular complications. Poguntano (Picria fel-terrae Merr) from family Scrophulariaceae found in most part of Indonesia, has been used as traditional plant for treatment of diabetes.Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of extract ethanol of Poguntano in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Method: Fifteen male Wistar rats with body weight of 150-200 gr were given intra peritoneal injection of 150 mg/kg Alloxan to induce diabetes. These were divided into three groups (control diabetic, group given insulin and group given Extract ethanol of Poguntano 200 mg/Kg body weight) and one control normal control. The duration of study was 4 weeks; blood glucose and Endothelin-1 were measured for all groups.Results : Extract ethanol of Poguntano 200 mg showed significant results (p<0.001) in lowering blood glucose in Alloxan induced diabetic rats compared to control diabetic, but did not show superior to insulin group (p=0.892). Endothelin-1 showed statistical significant between group with normal rats and diabetic control rats. (p=0.009) but did not in the other groups. Levels of Endothelin-1 was higher in the diabetic control group with the median 1.95 (1,78- 3.1).Conclusion: In our study we found that extract ethanol of Poguntano showed significant hypoglycemic activity and lowering the Endothelin-1 level in alloxan induced diabetic rats.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.17(2) 2018 p.251-254

Anti Diabetic Evaluation of Methanolic Extract of Psoralea Corylifolia L. & Psoralea Esculenta L. Seeds in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats and Histopathological Changes in Diabetic Rats Pancreas: Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karuna S. Shukla ◽  
Neeraj Singh ◽  
Bipin Bihari ◽  
Akash Ved ◽  
Girendra Kumar Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Psoralea Corylifolia ◽  
Methanolic Extracts

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a class of metabolic disorder which results high level of sugar due to inadequacy in insulin secretion. High Sugar level in diabetes is linked with the impairment and dysfunction of eyes, kidneys, blood vessels, nerves and heart. In current research there is extended interest in herbal medicines because of the side effects noticed with oral hypoglycemic for therapy of hyperglycemia. Herbal medicines could play a dominant role in the control of diabetes mellitus. Methods: Methanolic extracts of seeds of Psoralea corylifolia L & Psoralea esculenta L has been screened for both in-vitro and in-vivo antihyperglycemic role using streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. The methanolic extract of both plants were evaluated for pancreatic tissue studies. Results: According to the outcomes, a stunning blood glucose level decrement was observed in the diabetic groups treated by methanolic extracts of Psoralea corylifolia L. seeds. Conclusion: In this study, the methanolic extract of Psoralea corylifolia L. seeds used to evaluate antihyperglycemic potential showed appreciably notable and astonishing results, when compared with the Glibenclamide. Methanolic extract of Psoralea corylifolia L. seeds have potential to regulate hyperglycemia in the In-vivo model. Hence Psoralea corylifolia L. methanolic seeds extract may be selected for its antihyperglycemic activity.

Effects of Kepok Banana Flour on Glucose Level and Physical Performance in Type 2 Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 1162 ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Muizza Nur Afifa ◽  
Brian Wasita ◽  
Adi Magna Patriadi Nuhriawangsa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Banana Flour ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Diabetes mellitus prevalence has rapidly increased globally. Food contains high resistant starch (RS) may be used as a functional food to prevent and control diabetes mellitus. Resistant starch is high in raw bananas and its products such as flour. The study aimed to evaluate effects of Kepok banana flour on blood glucose and physical performance, especially body weight and feed intake in type 2 diabetic rats induced by nicotinamide (NA) and streptozotocin (STZ). Eight-week-old male Wistar rats weighed 150-200 g were randomly divided into nondiabetic and diabetic groups. Nondiabetic group (n=7 rats) was normal control (NC) and fed with standard diet AIN-93M (American Institute of Nutrition Rodent Diets 1993 for adult maintenance), while diabetic groups (n=7 rats each group) consisted of diabetic control (DC) which fed with standard diet and 3 diabetic treatment groups (T1-T3) which fed with AIN-93M containing kepok banana flour with 4%, 8% and 12% of RS respectively for 14 days. After 14 days, mean fasting blood glucose in group T1, T2 and T3 have lower blood glucose than DC significantly (p<0.05) with the highest decrease of blood glucose was on group T3. Mean of body weight in group T1, T2, T3, and NC gained significantly compared to DC group (p<0.05). Feed intake in group T1, T2, T3, and NC were less than DC significantly (p<0.05). Administration of kepok banana flour with 4%, 8% and 12% of RS is able to decrease glucose level, to restore body weight loss and to reduce feed intake in STZ-NA induced type 2 diabetic rats. Kepok banana flour can be proposed as an alternative diet in the management of type 2 diabetes.

Adaptation of intestinal glucose transport in rats with diabetes mellitus occurs independent of hyperphagia

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 1143-1148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Fedorak ◽  
Alan B. R. Thomson ◽  
Valerie M. Porter
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Matched Control ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Ad Libitum

Chronic diabetes enhances intestinal absorption of glucose and induces hyperphagia. We examined the enhanced intestinal absorption of glucose in ad libitum-fed rats with streptozocin-induced diabetes mellitus and compared these results with those obtained from pair-fed diabetic animals. Maximal transport capacity (Vmax) and carrier affinity (K0.5) were determined by measuring jejunal and ileal short circuit current (Isc) responses to varying concentrations of 3-O-methyl-D-glucopyranose and D-glucose. Pair-fed diabetic animals maintained the same body weight as animals fed ad libitum, although ad libitum-fed diabetic rats had an increased oral chow intake. Age-matched control rats maintained a constant jejunal and ileal Vmax and K0.5 throughout the study. Diabetic rats fed ad libitum demonstrated an enhanced Vmax and K0.5 in both jejunum and ileum. Pair feeding diabetic animals further enhanced jejunal Vmax while lowering jejunal K0.5 levels. In contrast, pair feeding diabetic animals delayed and blunted changes in ileal Vmax and prevented changes in ileal K0.5. In conclusion, signals other than those of hyperphagia regulate kinetic changes in glucose absorption during diabetes mellitus. Furthermore, these changes have differing effects on jejunum and ileum.Key words: 3-O-methyl-D-glucose, absorption, streptozocin, pair feeding, ad libitum, hyperphagia, diabetes.

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