scholarly journals Predictive Value of Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance, Visceral Fat Index, and Prepregnancy Body Mass Index in Gestational Metabolic Syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Laiping Zhao ◽  
Lichun Huang
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Prepregnancy Bmi ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Gestational Week

Objective. To explore the diagnostic value of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), visceral fat index (VAI), and prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) in gestational metabolic syndrome (GMS). Methods. From December 2019 to March 2021,122 GMS high-risk pregnant women who received routine antenatal clinic visits and planned to give birth in our hospital were selected as the research objects. Pregnant women were divided into the GMS group (n = 79) and the control group (n = 43) according to GMS diagnostic criteria during the gestation period of 32–36 weeks. The general information such as age and gestational week of pregnant women as well as HOMA-IR, VAI, and BMI before pregnancy were compared between the two groups. The glucose and lipid metabolism indexes of pregnant women in two groups were analyzed, the detection rates of HOMA-IR, VAI, and prepregnancy BMI in GMS between the two groups were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for GMS in pregnant women, and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the diagnostic value of HOMA-IR, VAI, prepregnancy BMI, and the combination of the three for GMS. Results. The body weight, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure of the GMS group were higher than those of the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). There was no significant difference in age, gestational week, and height between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). The levels of FPG, FINS, TC, TG, LDL-C, and FFA in the GMS group were higher than the control group, the level of HDL-C in the GMS group was lower than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). The levels of HOMA-IR, VAI, and prepregnancy BMI in the GMS group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P < 0.05 ). The positive detection rates of HOMA-IR, VAI, and prepregnancy BMI in the GMS group were 83.54%, 86.07%, and 81.01%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the positive detection rates of HOMA-IR, VAI, and prepregnancy BMI between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). High levels of HOMA-IR, VAI, and prepregnancy BMI were risk factors for GMS in pregnant women ( P < 0.05 ). ROC curve showed area under the curve for HOMA-IR was 0.810, area under the curve for VAI was 0.771, and area under the curve for prepregnancy BMI was 0.749. The AUC for the combination of HOMA-IR, VAI, and prepregnancy BMI was 0.918. Conclusion. HOMA-IR, VAI, and prepregnancy BMI in GMS have a high detection rate and certain diagnostic value, and the combination of the three has higher clinical value.

Diagnostic efficacy of serum and urinary netrin-1 in the early detection of diabetic nephropathy

2021 ◽  
pp. jim-2021-001785
Author(s):  
Rasha A Elkholy ◽  
Reham L Younis ◽  
Alzahraa A Allam ◽  
Rasha Youssef Hagag ◽  
Muhammad Tarek Abdel Ghafar
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

This study aimed to assess the diagnostic value of serum and urinary netrin-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at different stages of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and to compare its efficacy of estimation in serum with that in the urine. This study was carried out on 135 patients with T2DM and 45 healthy subjects. The patients with diabetes were divided according to urinary albumin creatinine ratio (UACR) into: T2DM with normoalbuminuria, incipient DN with microalbuminuria, and overt DN with macroalbuminuria groups. Serum and urinary levels of netrin-1 were measured by ELISA. The mean levels of serum and urinary netrin-1 were significantly higher in the microalbuminuric and macroalbuminuric patients with DN than those in the normoalbuminuric patients with T2DM, with the highest values detected in macroalbuminuric patients with DN. Urinary netrin-1 level was significantly higher in the normoalbuminuric T2DM group than control group, whereas no significant difference existed regarding serum netrin-1 level. In T2DM groups, the urinary and serum netrin-1 correlated with each other and were independently related to fasting blood glucose, UACR, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve of urinary netrin-1 was 0.916 which is significantly higher than that of serum netrin-1 (0.812) for the detection of incipient DN and reached 0.938 on coestimation of both urinary and serum netrin-1. In conclusion, netrin-1 is a potential diagnostic marker for early detection of DN with its estimation in urine has higher accuracy than that of serum.

scholarly journals Analysis of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) -634C/G and +936C/T Polymorphisms and Serum VEGF Levels in Women Suffering From Preeclampsia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayed hojjat Hosseini ◽  
Ata Ghadiria ◽  
Abdolah Mousavi Salehi ◽  
Saber Rokhafrooz ◽  
Mahin Najafian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Vegf Gene ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Rflp ◽  
Gestational Week ◽  
And Control ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Abstract Preeclampsia (PE) is a syndrome related with pregnancy and characterized by hypertension and proteinuria, occurring in approximately 6-8% of pregnancies and accounting for approximately 40% of premature births. This study aimed to investigate the polymorphisms of -634C/G and +936C/T in VEGF gene and their relationship with serum VEGF levels in pregnant women with PE. In this case-control study, peripheral blood samples were collected from 135 women with PE and 135 normal pregnant women as the control group. DNA was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method. Then, the polymorphisms of VEGF gene were detected by PCR-RFLP method using specific primers. Besides, VEGF concentrations were measured by ELISA method on serum samples and control subjects using ELISA kits. In this research, maternal age, gestational week, maternal hemoglobin and BMI were significantly correlated with the likelihood of PE, while the occurrence season variable was not effective in PE among the pregnant women. There was no significant difference in the two polymorphisms of -634C/G and +936C/T in VEGF gene between the two groups. Also, the serum VEGF level in PE patients was significantly higher than the normal group (P<0.001). Despite a significant increase in serum VEGF concentrations in women with PE, it seems that -634C/G and +936C/T polymorphisms of VEGF gene are not related with the onset of PE. Further studies are required to fully understand the risk factors related to preeclampsia syndrome.

Early Renal Dysfunction in Obese Patients with Insulin Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Natalia Pertseva ◽  
Mariia Rokutova
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Renal Dysfunction ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Glomerular Hyperfiltration ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homa Index ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment

Abstract Background and aims. Obese individuals have insulin resistance status assessed in the present study by the HOMA index (“Homeostasis model assessment”). This prospective study assessed renal disorders in the insulin resistance in obese patients. Material and Methods. The study included 73 young obese patients. The assessment included the HOMA index before meal and parameters of renal function (glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, β2-microglobulinuria). Results. In young obese, insulin-resistance patients, glomerular hyperfiltration and β2-microglobulinuria are found in 77.0 and 93.4% of cases respectively. The albuminuria is noted in some cases, which reduces diagnostic value. Conclusions. In young obese patients with insulin resistance, glomerular hyperfiltration and β2-microglobulinuria are main diagnostic markers of renal dysfunction.

Breastfeeding Training through Role-Play and Effects on Mother-infant Attachment Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Saljughi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Shahnaz Kohan ◽  
Soheila Ehsanpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Mother-infant attachment is an intimate, lasting and satisfying relationship that leads to better cognitive, emotional and social growth of the infant. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breastfeeding training by role-play on mother-infant attachment behaviours. This research was a randomised clinical trial (parallel design). Inclusion criteria were: no history of mental disorders; ability to read and write the Persian language to complete the questionnaire; no history of drug and tobacco intake in primigravida women. The sample comprised 100 pregnant women (in 2 groups), selected through simple random sampling at healthcare centres. The researcher reviewed prenatal care registries of selected healthcare centres and extracted the names of pregnant women in their early third trimester. The data were imported into randomisation software. The control group received routine breastfeeding training, while the intervention group received routine training together with training through role-play. The data collection tool was the Maternal Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire. Consequently 75 samples were analysed in SPSS16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between the two groups. Results showed that the mean score of mother-infant attachment one week after delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group in comparison to that in the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in maternal age, age of marriage, neonatal gender, maternal employment and education, number of parity, and number of abortions (P>0.05). Since breastfeeding training through role-play could affect mother-infant attachment, it is suggested that this type of training should be provided for pregnant women to promote mother-infant attachment and exclusive breastfeeding.

Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-899 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahin Safian ◽  
Farzaneh Esna-Ashari ◽  
Shiva Borzouei
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Experimental Group

Aims: Investigation thyroid dysfunction and autoimmunity in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus. Background: This article was written to evaluate the thyroid function and anti-thyroid peroxidase (anti- TPO) antibodies in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Method: A total of 252 women with GDM and 252 healthy pregnant women were enrolled. Thyroid tests, including TSH, FreeT3, Free T4, and anti-TPO were performed for all women at 24–28 weeks of gestation. Data analysis was then carried out using SPSS ver. 22. Result: There was a significant difference between the experimental group (38.4%) and the control group (14.06%) in terms of the prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism (p= 0.016). The frequency of anti-TPO was higher in the experimental group than the control group and positive anti-TPO was observed in 18.6% of women with GDM and 10.3% of healthy pregnant women (P= 0.008). Conclusion: Thyroid disorders are observed in pregnant women with GDM more frequently than healthy individuals and it may be thus reasonable to perform thyroid tests routinely.

Effect of Focusing on Maryam’s Flower During the First Stage of the Labor on the Labor Pain, Labor Duration, and Levels of Comfort and Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
pp. 105477382098491
Author(s):  
Hülya Türkmen ◽  
Serap Çetinkaya ◽  
Hafize Kiliç ◽  
Emine Apay ◽  
Devrim Karamüftüoğlu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Cervical Dilatation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Flower Opening ◽  
Labor Duration ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Physical Comfort

This randomized controlled experimental study was conducted with an intervention group ( n = 61) and a control group ( n = 63) consisting of primipara pregnant women. The pregnant women in the intervention group were asked to focus their attention on Maryam’s flower opening its leaf buds and imagine the labor’s progress during the course of their labor. The VAS was administered to each group at specific times (at 4–5 cm, 6–7 cm, 8–9 cm cervical dilatation) to determine their level of labor pain. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups’ mean pain scores at 4–5 cm, 6–7 cm, and 8–9 cm cervical dilatation ( p < .05). The labor duration of the pregnant women in the intervention group was significantly shorter than that of the pregnant women in the control group ( p = .017). The physical comfort level of the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group at 8–9 cm cervical dilatation ( p = .039).

scholarly journals The effect of nutrition and reproductive health education of pregnant women in Indonesia using quasi experimental study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tria Astika Endah Permatasari ◽  
Fauza Rizqiya ◽  
Walliyana Kusumaningati ◽  
Inne Indraaryani Suryaalamsah ◽  
Zahrofa Hermiwahyoeni
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reproductive Health Education ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Abstract Background Almost one-third of children under 5 years old in Indonesia suffer from stunting. Stunting can be prevented optimally during pregnancy as the initial phase of the first 1000 days of life. This study aims to determine the effect of nutrition and reproductive health education of pregnant women in Bogor Regency, Indonesia. Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted among 194 pregnant women from August to November 2019. The pregnant women were randomly selected from four different villages in Bogor Regency. The intervention group (n = 97) received 2 h of nutrition and reproductive health education in small groups (four or five mothers per group) every 2 weeks for 3 consecutive months. This interactive education was given by facilitators using techniques such as lectures, role-playing, simulation, and games. The control group (n = 97) received regular health care services. A structured questionnaire was applied to collect data consisting of maternal characteristics, nutritional and reproductive health knowledge, attitudes, and practices in the intervention and control groups. Data were analysed using t-test and chi-square analysis. Results Pregnant women in the intervention group indicated a significant increase in knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding nutrition and reproductive health after receiving education. The pre-test and post-test mean scores in the intervention group were 55.1 and 83.1 for overall knowledge, 40.2 and 49.0 for attitudes, and 36.2 and 40.2 for practices, respectively. In the control group, there was no significant difference between the pre-test and post-test mean scores for these three variables. There was a significant difference (P < 0.001) in the post-test mean between the intervention group and the control group, but the difference was not significant (P > 0.05) in the pre-test. Conclusion Providing nutrition and reproductive health education through small groups with interactive methods improves the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women. This intervention has the potential to be replicated and developed for large-scale implementation by optimising collaboration between government, non-governmental organizations, and maternal and child health service providers.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of C-Reactive Protein in Discrimination between Uncomplicated and Complicated Parapneumonic Effusion

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 829
Author(s):  
Yana Kogan ◽  
Edmond Sabo ◽  
Majed Odeh
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Parapneumonic Effusion ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Complicated Parapneumonic Effusion

Objectives: The role of serum C-reactive protein (CRPs) and pleural fluid CRP (CRPpf) in discriminating uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion (UCPPE) from complicated parapneumonic effusion (CPPE) is yet to be validated since most of the previous studies were on small cohorts and with variable results. The role of CRPs and CRPpf gradient (CRPg) and of their ratio (CRPr) in this discrimination has not been previously reported. The study aims to assess the diagnostic efficacy of CRPs, CRPpf, CRPr, and CRPg in discriminating UCPPE from CPPE in a relatively large cohort. Methods: The study population included 146 patients with PPE, 86 with UCPPE and 60 with CPPE. Levels of CRPs and CRPpf were measured, and the CRPg and CRPr were calculated. The values are presented as mean ± SD. Results: Mean levels of CRPs, CRPpf, CRPg, and CRPr of the UCPPE group were 145.3 ± 67.6 mg/L, 58.5 ± 38.5 mg/L, 86.8 ± 37.3 mg/L, and 0.39 ± 0.11, respectively, and for the CPPE group were 302.2 ± 75.6 mg/L, 112 ± 65 mg/L, 188.3 ± 62.3 mg/L, and 0.36 ± 0.19, respectively. Levels of CRPs, CRPpf, and CRPg were significantly higher in the CPPE than in the UCPPE group (p < 0.0001). No significant difference was found between the two groups for levels of CRPr (p = 0.26). The best cut-off value calculated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for discriminating UCPPE from CPPE was for CRPs, 211.5 mg/L with area under the curve (AUC) = 94% and p < 0.0001, for CRPpf, 90.5 mg/L with AUC = 76.3% and p < 0.0001, and for CRPg, 142 mg/L with AUC = 91% and p < 0.0001. Conclusions: CRPs, CRPpf, and CRPg are strong markers for discrimination between UCPPE and CPPE, while CRPr has no role in this discrimination.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of Vaginal Microecology, Serum miR-18a, and PD-L1 for Identifying HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 153303382199528
Author(s):  
Yumei Zhang ◽  
Sujuan Qiu ◽  
Yueli Guo ◽  
Jiaqin Zhang ◽  
Xiaoqing Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
High Serum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
Positive Group ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Programmed Death

Objective: We aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of the vaginal microecology, serum miR-18a, and programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) for human papillomavirus (HPV)-positive cervical cancer. Methods: Eighty-four patients with HPV-positive cervical cancer were assigned to the observation group, 107 HPV-positive patients without cervical cancer were assigned to the positive group, and 191 healthy women were assigned to the control group. Vaginal microecology and serum levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 on the surface of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were compared among the 3 groups. The observation group was further divided into subgroups according to patients’ characteristics for comparison. The diagnostic value of miR-18a and PD-L1 for HPV-positive cervical cancer was investigated. Results: Women in the control group had better vaginal microecology and lower levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 than those in the observation and the positive groups (all P < 0.05). Compared with the positive group, the observation group had similar vaginal microecology (all P > 0.05) but higher levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 (all P < 0.05). Moreover, the patients at stage III had higher levels of miR-18a and PD-L1 than those at stage I and II (all P < 0.05). The values of area under the curve for miR-18a and PD-L1 in the diagnosis of HPV-positive cervical cancer were over 0.8 (all P < 0.001). Conclusion: Patients with HPV-positive cervical cancer have vaginal microbial dysbiosis and high serum levels of miR-18a and PD-L1. miR-18a and PD-L1 have diagnostic value for identifying HPV-positive cervical cancer.

The effects of psychological counseling and acupressure based on couple therapy procedure for alleviation of vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in Iran country

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahar Saadatnia ◽  
Azita Tiznobaik ◽  
Amir Saber
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Psychological Counseling ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Short Time

Abstract Objectives Nausea and vomiting have psychological negative effects on some pregnant women during gestation. Different strategies have been used for the treatment of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy, such as acupressure and psychological interventions. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of psychological counseling and acupressure based on couple therapy procedures on vomiting and nausea in pregnant women in Iran. Methods Two hundred and eight women were divided into four groups (n=52): 1) they did not any intervention (control group), 2) they received the psychological intervention, 3) they received acupressure intervention, and 4) they received a combination of psychological + acupressure interventions. To investigate the effects of interventions on nausea and vomiting, the Rhodes index of nausea, vomiting and retching were used. The counseling period has lasted for 4 weeks. The pressure intervention on the site was conducted in clockwise form for 1 min and anticlockwise form for another 1 min. Results Groups did not have a significant difference for abortion and income (p>0.05). The effects of counseling, and acupressure interventions on severity and period of vomiting and nausea were not significant (p>0.05), but the intervention based on counseling and acupressure decreased severity of vomiting and nausea (p<0.05). Conclusions The intervention based on counseling and acupressure could not reduce nausea and vomiting during the gestation, but the intervention based on a combination of both decreased nausea and vomiting. It can be suggested to apply an intervention based on a combination of counseling and acupressure in short-time period for decreasing nausea and vomiting in women during pregnancy.

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