scholarly journals Preparation and Properties of Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers Containing Shellac and Bitter Herbal Extract

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Chutima Limmatvapirat ◽  
Sontaya Limmatvapirat ◽  
Siraprapa Chansatidkosol ◽  
Wantanwa Krongrawa ◽  
Napasorn Liampipat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Film Property ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Nail Biting ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

The purpose of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate anti-nail-biting lacquers consisting of bitter herbal extracts. The hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from Andrographis paniculata and Tinospora crispa were determined for phytochemical constituents, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicities. Anti-nail-biting lacquers were prepared by using herbal extracts (bittering agent), shellac (film forming polymer), ethanol (volatile solvent), and other indispensable additives with continuous stirring. Thus, attempts to enhance the film property and bitterness are accomplished by using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) as a copolymer and varying concentrations of herbal extracts. Good accepted formulations were established for drying time, pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva and evaluated their bitterness in human volunteers. The results revealed that phytochemical constituents including tannins, glycosides, reducing sugars, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids were found present in both extracts while saponins were only detected in A. paniculata extract. Although T. crispa extract exhibited a significantly higher ( p < 0.05 ) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity than A. paniculata extract, it showed lower protein denaturation inhibition property than A. paniculata extract. Because of the potentials of both extracts without cytotoxicity, anti-nail-biting lacquers containing either A. paniculata extract or T. crispa extract were developed and evaluated. Drying time of formulations was 6-11 min with visually seen glossiness of formulation. Formulations of the nail lacquer showed good pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva. The formulations displaying no significant cytotoxicity effect on CRL-2076 cells were assessed on healthy human volunteers to compare bitterness and film characteristics. The results revealed that the optimized formulation containing A. paniculata extract could successfully achieve good film forming property and bitterness release which is considered promising for stopping nail biting.

scholarly journals Extraction, Biological Activity, Formulation, and Evaluation of Bitter Herbs as Anti-Nail-Biting Lacquers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chutima Limmatvapirat ◽  
Sontaya Limmatvapirat ◽  
Siraprapa Chansatidkosol ◽  
Wantanwa Krongrawa ◽  
Napasorn Liampipat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Film Property ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Nail Biting ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Abstract Background: Nail biting can increase the risk of infection and abnormal-looking nails. The purpose of the present investigation was to formulate and evaluate anti-nail-biting lacquers consisting of bitter herbal extracts. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extracts obtained from Andrographis paniculata and Tinospora crispa were determined for phytochemical constituents, total phenolic contents, antioxidant activities, anti-inflammatory activities, and cytotoxicities. Anti-nail-biting lacquers were prepared by using herbal extracts (bittering agent), shellac (film forming polymer), ethanol (volatile solvent), and other indispensable additives with continuous stirring. Thus, attempts to enhance the film property and bitterness is accomplished by using polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 as a copolymer and varying concentrations of herbal extracts. Good accepted formulations were established for drying time, pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva and then evaluated their bitterness in human volunteers.Results: Phytochemical constituents including tannins, glycosides, reducing sugars, alkaloids, terpenoids, and flavonoids were found present in both extracts while saponins was only detected in A. paniculata extract. Although T. crispa extract exhibited a significantly higher (p < 0.05) total phenolic content and antioxidant activity than A. paniculata extract, it showed lower protein denaturation inhibition property than A. paniculata extract. Because of the potentials of both extracts without cytotoxicity, anti-nail-biting lacquers containing either A. paniculata extract or T. crispa extract were developed and evaluated. Drying time of formulations were 6-11 min with visually seen glossiness of formulation. Formulations of the nail lacquer showed good pH, viscosity, smoothness of film, film strength, water resistant, and solubility in simulated saliva. The formulations displaying no significant cytotoxicity effect on CRL-2076 cells were assessed on healthy human volunteers to compare bitterness and film characteristics. Conclusion: The optimized formulation containing A. paniculata extract could successfully achieve good film forming property and bitterness release which is considered promising for stopping nail biting.

scholarly journals Herbal Extract Decolourization Device Using Activated Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Teh Liam Chee ◽  
Rozilawati Abdul Gaffar ◽  
Fadzilah Adibah Abdul Majid ◽  
Mohammad Roji Sarmidi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Monolayer Coverage

Herbal extracts are known for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti–inflammatory properties. However, the intense colour caused by their phenolic content and dark–coloured compounds may spoil the final product’s appearance. To remedy that, this study was undertaken to design a decolourization device to eliminate the intense colour of herbal extracts while retaining their beneficial properties. Batch experiments have been conducted to study decolourization and its effect on extract quality. From there, a decolourization device has been devised using activated carbon. Operating at optimum conditions, the device was able reduce 81 % of the total phenolic content of cashew leaf extracts while retaining 88 % of its radical scavenging capacity. Furthermore, the device is able to re–design the extract’s colour to fulfill the end–user’s needs by manipulating the contact period. The design of this device best fits Langmuir isotherm which demonstrates monolayer coverage of adsorbate at the outer surface of activated carbon.

scholarly journals Film-Forming Systems for the Delivery of DNDI-0690 to Treat Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 516
Author(s):  
Katrien Van Bocxlaer ◽  
Kerri-Nicola McArthur ◽  
Andy Harris ◽  
Mo Alavijeh ◽  
Stéphanie Braillard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Mouse Skin ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Leishmania Species ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Sustained Drug Delivery ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
The Impact

In cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), parasites reside in the dermis, creating an opportunity for local drug administration potentially reducing adverse effects and improving treatment adherence compared to current therapies. Polymeric film-forming systems (FFSs) are directly applied to the skin and form a thin film as the solvent evaporates. In contrast to conventional topical dosage forms, FFSs strongly adhere to the skin, favouring sustained drug delivery to the affected site, reducing the need for frequent applications, and enhancing patient compliance. This study reports the first investigation of the use of film-forming systems for the delivery of DNDI-0690, a nitroimidazole compound with potent activity against CL-causing Leishmania species. A total of seven polymers with or without plasticiser were evaluated for drying time, stickiness, film-flexibility, and cosmetic attributes; three FFSs yielded a positive evaluation for all test parameters. The impact of each of these FFSs on the permeation of the model skin permeant hydrocortisone (hydrocortisone, 1% (w/v) across the Strat-M membrane was evaluated, and the formulations resulting in the highest and lowest permeation flux (Klucel LF with triethyl citrate and Eudragit RS with dibutyl sebacate, respectively) were selected as the FFS vehicle for DNDI-0690. The release and skin distribution of the drug upon application to Leishmania-infected and uninfected BALB/c mouse skin were examined using Franz diffusion cells followed by an evaluation of the efficacy of both DNDI-0690 FFSs (1% (w/v)) in an experimental CL model. Whereas the Eudragit film resulted in a higher permeation of DNDI-0690, the Klucel film was able to deposit four times more drug into the skin, where the parasite resides. Of the FFSs formulations, only the Eudragit system resulted in a reduced parasite load, but not reduced lesion size, when compared to the vehicle only control. Whereas drug delivery into the skin was successfully modulated using different FFS systems, the FFS systems selected were not effective for the topical application of DNDI-0690. The convenience and aesthetic of FFS systems alongside their ability to modulate drug delivery to and into the skin merit further investigation using other promising antileishmanial drugs.

scholarly journals The Quality of Red Bell Pepper Subjected to Freeze-Drying Preceded by Traditional and Novel Pretreatment

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Rybak ◽  
Artur Wiktor ◽  
Dorota Witrowa-Rajchert ◽  
Oleksii Parniakov ◽  
Małgorzata Nowacka
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Bell Pepper ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Thermal Methods ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dehydration Processes ◽  
Vacuum Freezing ◽  
Better Than

It has been demonstrated previously in the literature that utilization of PEF or a combination of a pulsed electric field (PEF) and ultrasounds (US) can facilitate dehydration processes and improve the quality of dried products even better than the application of thermal methods such as blanching. The aim of the study was to evaluate the quality of red bell pepper subjected to freeze-drying preceded by blanching or PEF or US treatment applied in a single and combined mode. Furthermore, the freeze-drying was preceded by shock freezing or vacuum freezing performed inside the freeze-dryer as a result of pressure drop during the first stage of freeze-drying. All of the analyzed technological variants enhanced the drying kinetics when compared to the intact material. Freeze-dried bell pepper subjected to non-thermal pretreatment exhibited higher vitamin C, total phenolic and carotenoids content than blanched material despite the fact that blanching reduced drying time the most compared to all other analyzed methods.

Preparation and Property Study of Core-Shell Ambient-Temperature Crosslinkable Polyacrylate Binder

2013 ◽  
Vol 469 ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu Li ◽  
Xiao Song Lin ◽  
Xiao Yu Li ◽  
Hai Qiao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Acrylic Polymer ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
Water Based

As the binder of waterborne inks, the capability of acrylic polymer has great influences on the quality of inks. In this contribution, structured latex particles with a poly (stryrene-butyl acrylate-methacrylate) core and a poly (butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate-methacrylic acid-diacetone acrylamide (DAAM)) shell, which can be used as binders of water-based ink, were prepared by emulsion polymerization. The emulsion can cure in the course of film forming at ambient temperature through the reaction between DAAM and the adipic acid dihydrazide (ADH). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the structures and study the properties of the latices. The drying time of the crosslinking latices was investigated. In addition, influences of DAAM monomer dosage and the mole ratio of DAAM to ADH on the mechanical properties of self-crosslinkable core-shell latices were also discussed. It was found that the core-shell crosslinkable particles with a low glass transition temperature (Tg) core and a high Tg shell have better film properties and would be more applicable to binders of water-based ink for plastic film, in comparison with those particles with a high Tg core and a low Tg shell.

scholarly journals Quercetin Potentiates the NGF-Induced Effects in Cultured PC 12 Cells: Identification by HerboChips Showing a Binding with NGF

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gallant K. L. Chan ◽  
Winnie W. H. Hu ◽  
Zoey X. Zheng ◽  
M. Huang ◽  
Yan X. Y. Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Mental Processes ◽  
Pc 12 Cells ◽  
Excellent Source

Dementia is a persistent disorder of the mental processes and is strongly related to depression. However, the performance of current antidepression medicine is far from satisfactory. Herbal extract provides an excellent source to identify compounds for possible drug development against depression. Here, HerboChips were employed to search herbal compounds that could bind nerve growth factor (NGF). By screening over 500 types of herbal extracts, the water extract of Ginkgo Folium, the leaf of Ginkgo biloba, showed a strong binding to NGF. The herbal fractions showing NGF binding were further isolated and enriched. By using LC-MS/MS analysis, one of the NGF binding fractions was enriched, which was further identified as quercetin, a major flavonoid in Ginkgo Folium. Quercetin, similar to Ginkgo Folium extract, could enhance the effect of NGF in cultured PC 12 cells, including potentiation of neurite outgrowth and phosphorylation of Erk-1/2. This is the first report of discovering an NGF binding compound by using HerboChips from herbal extracts, which could be further developed for antidepression application.

scholarly journals The influence of ethanol on the convective drying and on the nutritional quality of dekopon slices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Elias de Mello-Júnior ◽  
Nathane Silva Resende ◽  
Jefferson Luiz Gomes Corrêa ◽  
Leila Aparecida Salles Pio ◽  
Elisângela Elena Nunes Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Citrus Reticulate

Dekopon or Hallabong (Citrus reticulate “Shiranui”) is a hybrid fruit that belongs to the citrus fruits. The scientific and commercial interests in dekopon is due to its nutritional composition. The objective of the study was to verify the influence of ethanol as a pretreatment in reducing drying time as well as maintaining nutritional quality (vitamin C, total phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity) of dekopon slices. The drying with ethanol at 70 °C promoted the greatest reduction in drying time, but the processed pretreated samples at 50 °C presented the highest level of nutritional quality parameters. Keywords: drying time; vitamin C; phenolic compounds; antioxidant activity 

Adding herbal extracts to silicone gel on post-sternotomy scar: a prospective randomised double-blind study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (Sup4) ◽  
pp. S36-S42
Author(s):  
Palakorn Surakunprapha ◽  
Kengkart Winaikosol ◽  
Bowornsilp Chowchuen ◽  
Kriangsak Jenwitheesuk ◽  
Kamonwan Jenwitheesuk
Keyword(s):  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Median Sternotomy ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Silicone Gel ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: Silicone gel has been shown effective in improving healing post-sternotomy scars. It remains to be determined whether adding herbal extracts to the gel would augment the healing effect. Method: After median sternotomy, patients were randomised into two groups. Group 1: topical silicone gel plus herbal extract gel (Allium cepa, Centella Asiatica, Aloe vera and Paper Mulberry) and Group 2: silicone gel. Patients were treated for six months. The postoperative scars were assessed at three and six months by plastic surgeons using the Vancouver Scar Scale (VSS) and the patient assessment scar scale. Results: Each group comprised 23 patients (n=46 in total). The VSS was significantly lower in Group 1 than in Group 2 (p=0.018 and p=0.051, respectively). In Group 1, the four differences from baseline were vascularity scores at three and six months (–0.391, p=0.025; –0.435, p=0.013, respectively), and pigmentation scores at three and six months (–0.391, p=0.019; –0.609, p=0.000, respectively). In Group 2, differences from baseline were the pigmentation and vascularity score at six months (–0.6609, p=0.000; –0.348, p=0.046, respectively). Conclusion: Our results suggest, post-sternotomy scars trend to have better vascularity and pigmentation when treated with silicone gel plus herbal extracts.

scholarly journals Active Packaging—Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Films Enriched with Tomato By-Products Extract

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katalin Szabo ◽  
Bernadette-Emoke Teleky ◽  
Laura Mitrea ◽  
Lavinia-Florina Călinoiu ◽  
Gheorghe-Adrian Martău ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Active Food Packaging ◽  
Film Forming ◽  
By Products

Active films were prepared from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blended with itaconic acid (Ia), and with chitosan (Ch), enriched with tomato processing by-products extract (TBE) in order to develop new bioactive formulations for food packaging. The effects of two biopolymers (Ch, Ia) and of the incorporated TBE—containing phenolic compounds and carotenoids—were studied regarding the physical and antimicrobial properties of films; in addition, their influence on the total phenolic content, viscosity, and flow behavior on the film-forming solutions was investigated. The results showed increased physical properties (diameter, thickness, density, weight) of the films containing the TBE versus their control. TBE and Ch conferred significant antimicrobial effects to PVA films toward all the tested microorganisms, whereas the best inhibition was registered against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of <0.078 mg DW/mL. The Ia-PVA films also exhibited some antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa (2.5 mg DW/mL). The total phenolic content of the film-forming solutions presented the highest values for the TBE and Ch-added PVA samples (0.208 mg gallic acid/100 mL film-forming solution). These results suggest that the PVA + Ch film containing TBE can be used for the development of intelligent and active food packaging materials.

scholarly journals IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND GC-MS ANALYSIS OF THE ETHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF TERMINALIA BELLERICA ROXB (BAHEDA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Rasna Gupta ◽  
Ram Lakhan Singh ◽  
Neeraja Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Terminalia Bellerica ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Phytochemical Constituents

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of Terminalia bellerica fruit pulp (TBFP), seed (TBS) and bark (TBB), and identification of phytochemical constituents of said extracts.Methods: The antioxidant potential of T. bellerica (TB) parts was evaluated by free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), superoxide anion radical scavenging activity (SARSA), hydroxyl radical scavenging activity (HRSA) and compared with reference standard quercetin. Lipid peroxidation (LPO), ferric thiocyanate activity (FTC) and reducing power (RP) of the plant extracts were also examined. The phytochemical constituents of said extracts have been quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) method.Results: Ethanolic extract of TBFP exhibited high phenolic content (254.33) followed by TBS (227.33) and TBB (185) mg/g of GAE. TBFP showed lowest IC50 for FRSA (62 µg/ml), SARSA (39 µg/ml) and HRSA (27 µg/ml) and highest RP (3.39 ascorbic acid equivalents/ml). TBB showed lowest IC50 for LPO (48 µg/ml) whereas TBS showed lowest IC50 for FTC (109 µg/ml). Predominant phyto-compounds present in TB extracts were quinic acid, gallic acid, ethyl galate, 9, 12 octadecadienoic acid and glucopyranose in varying concentrations as analyzed by GC-MS.Conclusion: On the basis of correlation of antioxidant studies with total phenolic content (TPC) and GC-MS analysis of different part of TB, it may be concluded that high concentration of total phenolics and other bioactive phytochemicals of TB extracts make it a potential source of nutraceutical antioxidants.

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