scholarly journals Rate and Spraying Frequency Determination of Propiconazole Fungicide for the Management of Garlic Rust at Woreilu District, Northeastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Admasie Kassaw ◽  
Aderajew Mihretie ◽  
Abebe Ayalew
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Marginal Rate Of Return ◽  
Bulb Yield

Rust is a major disease of garlic in Ethiopia. A field experiment was conducted at Kabe and Segno Kebeles of Woreilu District in 2019 to determine the appropriate rate and spraying frequency of propiconazole fungicide and select cost-effective management options of garlic rust. A randomized complete block design with three replications was used. The combination of five rates and three spraying frequencies of propiconazole fungicide and unsprayed treatments was evaluated. A combination of rate and spraying frequencies of propiconazole significantly reduced disease with correspondingly increased bulb yield of garlic. The minimum percentage severity index and area under disease progress curve were scored from plots treated by all rates with three times spraying frequency of Tilt fungicide application. The highest bulb yield was obtained from plots treated with all fungicide rates with three times spraying frequencies of propiconazole application. But the highest (6896.36%) marginal rate of return was obtained from plots treated with 0.5 L with two times spraying. Generally, 0.5 liters with two times spraying of propiconazole was effective in controlling garlic disease and get the highest cost-benefit advantage as compared with other treatments. Therefore, it could be recommended for the management of garlic rust in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Blended Fertilizer Formulas under Limed Condition of Acid Soil on Soybean (Glycine max) at Asossa District of Benishal-gul Gumuz Regional State

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Teriku Legesse ◽  
Bakala Anbessa ◽  
Dassalegn Temene ◽  
Getahun Dereje
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Marginal Rate Of Return

Purpose: To evaluate the blended fertilizer formulas types, under unlimed limed condition of Asossa acid soil on soybean in Benishagul Gumuz of Ethiopia. Methods: Two factorial RCB design with three replications was used in the investigation. Five types of blended fertilizer formulas were tested under limed and unlimed condition in Factorial Randomized Complete Block Design. Lime and blended fertilizer types were used as factor. The amount of lime that was applied at each location was calculated on the basis of the exchangeable acidity, bulk density and 15 cm depth of the soil. One mole of exchangeable acidity would be neutralized by an equivalent mole of CaCO3. Accordingly, the amount of lime for this particular activity would be uniformly applied for all plots at 1.5 times of the exchangeable acidity (Equation 1) and incorporated in to the soil a month before seed sowing. Results: The effects of applied lime (CaCO3) and fertilizer types on growth and yield components of soybean were non-significantly (P>0.05) influenced except 100 seed weight, whereas the lime by blended fertilizer types interaction effects were not-significantly (P>0.05) affect all growth and yield components of soybean (Table 2). The highest plant height (71.58 cm) was obtained from NPKSZnB (Formula 5 modified) fertilizer type, however statistically non-significant from the other treatments. Conclusion: The partial budget analysis indicated that, it was not necessarily based on the highest marginal rate of return, rather based on the minimum acceptable marginal rate of return and the treatment with the high net benefit, relatively low variable cost together with an acceptable MRR becomes the tentative recommendation. Therefore we recommend the treatments (100 kg /ha NPSB) that have acceptable marginal rate of return, relatively high net benefit and relatively small total cost of production for soybean production in Asossa zone.

scholarly journals Análisis económico: un estudio de caso en Jatropha curcas L. mediante la metodología de presupuestos parciales

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Ávalos-Cerdas ◽  
Alexis Villalobos-Monge
Keyword(s):  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Polyphagotarsonemus Latus ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Cost Benefit Ratio ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Marginal Rate Of Return ◽  
Important Form

The methodology of partial budgets is an important form of economic analysis that contemplates that the costs between different agricultural trials differ without having to arrive directly to the production site, a fact that does not always happen on this type of experiments. The objective of the present work was to perform an analysis by means of partial budgets, in an experimental plot of Jatropha curcas. The experiment was carried out at the Fabio Baudrit Moreno Agricultural Experiment Station, La Garita, Alajuela, Costa Rica, between January and August,2014. An evaluation of the effect of five products against Polyphagotarsonemus latus on Jatropha curcas plants was performed,this products are:hexithiazox (1 ml/l of water), sulfur (10 kg/ha),propargite (4 kg/ha),spiromesifen(0.5 l/ha) and abamectin (1.5 l/ha). Two products applications were carried out, each application happened twenty-two days apart. After each application, the number of mites (eggs, larvae and adults) present on each treatment was evaluated. The methodology of partial budgets was used with an adjustment in order to determine which treatment from an economical point of view was the best. The results indicated that the treatment with the best cost-benefit ratio was abamectin with MRT values (marginal rate of return) of 17.1%, 4.6%, and 4.1%, for eggs, larvae and adults, respectively; followed by spiromesifen with a TRM for eggs of 5%, larvae of 1.8%, and adults of 3.8%, and finally sulfur; according to the TRM analysis. This indicates that the product with the lowest cost is not necessarily the product with the best results.

scholarly journals Ripening Response of Sugarcane Varieties to Chemical Ripeners and Economic Benefits during the Early Period of Harvesting at Wonji-Shoa and Metahara Sugarcane Plantations, Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Netsanet Ayele ◽  
Tamado Tana ◽  
Philippus Daniel Riekert Van Heerden ◽  
Kebede W/Tsadik ◽  
Yibekal Alemayehu
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Residual Soil ◽  
Sucrose Content ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Marginal Rate Of Return ◽  
Stalk Weight

Wonji-Shoa and Metahara sugarcane plantations experience reduced sucrose content (%) during the starting period of sugarcane crushing due to the combined influence of high (>27°C) temperature and the presence of high residual soil moisture. Studies elsewhere showed the potential of chemical ripeners in boosting the sucrose content (%), where natural ripening is deterred by these challenges. Accordingly, a field experiment was conducted to evaluate the responsiveness of selected sugarcane varieties to chemical ripeners at both plantations. The treatments consisted of a factorial combination of four sugarcane varieties (B52298, NCo334, C86-56, and SP70-1284) and six ripener treatments: (1) Ethephon™(720 g ai ha−1), (2) Fusilade Forte™(25.6 g ai ha−1), (3) Moddus™ (250 g ai ha−1), (4) Ethephon™ (720 g ai ha−1) + Fusilade Forte™ (25.6 g ai ha−1), (5) Moddus™ (250 g ai ha−1) + Fusilade Forte™ (25.6 g ai ha−1), and (6) Unsprayed (control). The experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design in a factorial arrangement with three replications. The results showed a significant ( p = 0.025 ) and highly significant ( p = 0.001 ) variety by ripener interaction in stalk height and sucrose content, respectively, while the main effect ripener highly significantly affected stalk weight ( p = 0.001 ) and sucrose yield ( p = 0.003 ). The variety C86-56 sprayed with combinations of Ethephon™ + Fusilade Forte™ and Moddus™ + Fusilade Forte™ had the shortest stalk heights of 1.27 and 1.29 m, respectively, compared with the control. Ethephon™ + Fusilade Forte™ combination resulted in the highest reduction of stalk weight (8.36%), while the lowest was recorded in the sole Moddus™ treatment (6.31%). From the ripener treatments, the Moddus™ + Fusilade Forte™ combination and Ethephon™ + Fusilade Forte™ combination improved sucrose yield by 1.42 and 1.34 t ha−1, respectively, compared with the control. However, in economic terms, the Moddus™ + Fusilade Forte™ combination treatment resulted in the highest marginal rate of return of 1244%. Therefore, the Moddus™ + Fusilade Forte™ combination ripener treatment was found to be promising to be evaluated at a commercial scale on immature sugarcane varieties B52-298, NCo334, and SP70-1284.

scholarly journals Evaluation of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) genotypes for resistance to late blight at Sinana Southeastern Ethiopia

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Getachew Asefa ◽  
Wassu Mohammed ◽  
Tesfaye Abebe
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Moderately Resistant

Late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary, is one of the most significant constraints to potato production in Bale high lands and other regions of Ethiopia. Hence, this requires to develop high yielding and late blight resistant varieties. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine host resistance of potato against Phytophthora infestans in order to develop late blight resistant/tolerant genotypes. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications at Sinana Agricultural Research Center during 2014 main cropping season. The genotypes showed highly significant (P<0.01) differences for all the characters studied. Genotypes exhibited wide ranges of mean values for all characters. The highest total tuber yield (46.1 t ha-1) was obtained from the advanced clone, CIP-392640.524 followed by Belete (41 t ha-1). Late blight appeared early on farmer's cultivar Kellacho (48 days after planting) and late on advanced clones CIP- 399062.102(74 days after planting). Percent severity index (PSI) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) ranged from 33.91 to 91.67% and 105 to 2370, respectively. Eleven newly introduced clones and the released variety "Belete" recorded PSI 33 to 39.7% and AUDPC 105 to 264.1. Hence, these genotypes can be categorized as moderately resistant. The study revealed the presence of considerable variability in tested genotypes for economically important traits and the higher chance of selecting genotypes with high yield and moderately resistant to late blight. However, it appears that further evaluation of genotypes across seasons and locations to identify genotypes that could be released as varieties seem to be quite pertinent.Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 6 (1): 21-25, June, 2016

scholarly journals Fungicide Management of Faba Bean Gall (Olpidium viciae) in Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wulita Wondwosen Kebede ◽  
Mashilla Dejene W/Michael ◽  
Negussie Tadesse ◽  
Seid Ahmed Kemal
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Disease Progress Curve ◽  
Disease Progress ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Progress Curve

Various biotic, abiotic and socio-economic factors negatively affect the productivity of the crop. Among these, a new disease known as Faba bean galls (Olpidium viciae) has become a serious threat to faba bean production and productivity in highland areas of central and northern Ethiopia. Thus, field experiment was conducted in Lay Gorebela and Mush to assess the efficacies of fungicides for the management of faba bean gall under natural infection. Six fungicides were evaluated alongside control in randomized complete block design in three replications. Fungicides showed different levels of efficiency at both locations in both seasons. In 2014/15, the highest percent severity index and area under disease progress curve were calculated from control plots at both locations. At Lay Gorebela, higher grain yields were recorded from Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP and Triadimefon 250 g/L sprayed plots whereas plots sprayed with Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP gave higher yield at Mush. Similar trends in percent severity index and grain yield were observed with control treatment in 2015/16. Percent severity index and area under disease progress curve were negatively correlated with grain yield and positively correlated with each other at both locations and seasons. Partial budget analysis indicated as Triadimefon 250 g/L and Metalaxyl 8% + Mancozeb 64% WP were cost-effective. The chemical treatment could be used as a short-term control strategy, and a component in integrated management of faba bean galls.

Faba bean gall (Olipidium viciae Kusano) disease management using fungicides in North Shewa, Highlands of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 001-005
Author(s):  
Belachew Bekele Tiruneh ◽  
Sisay Argaye Bereda
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Marginal Rate Of Return

Faba bean gall becomes the worst problem for the crop production. The diseases can cause up to complete crop failure. Studies showed that, applications of some fungicides and seed dressings have certain effects of reducing faba bean gall diseases and increases yield. Thus, the study aims to select best effective and economical fungicide for faba bean gall disease management. The experiment was conducted at farmers’ field on hot spot areas to manage the disease using fungicides in 2019/20 cropping season. Randomized complete block design with three replications was used. Nativo SC 300, Eminant star, Rex-Dou and Mancozeb 80 WP fungicides were applied as manufacturers’ recommendations. Significant difference between plots in plant height, disease severity, area under disease progress curve, grain yield and thousand kernel weights were recorded. The highest (46.67%) disease score were recorded in control plots followed by Rex-Dou (40.0%) sprayed plots. Whereas the lowest, disease severity (15.11%) were recorded from Eminant star sprayed plots. The highest grain yield was recorded in Eminant star (3.08 ton ha-1) sprayed plot followed by Nativo Sc 300 (3.01 ton ha-1) and Mancozeb 80 WP (2.54 ton ha-1) sprayed plots respectively. Eminant star sprayed plots also gave the highest economic benefit ETB (102770.0) and marginal rate of return (1678.46) followed by Nativo Sc 300 with net benefit of ETB (99190.0) and a marginal rate of return (925.40) were received. Pod per plant was not showed significant difference between plots.

scholarly journals The Effect of N and P Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Components of Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) in Low-Fertile Soil of North-Western Ethiopia

Agriculture ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Mizan Amare ◽  
Dawit Fisseha ◽  
Christian Andreasen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Ammonium Phosphate ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Marginal Rate Of Return ◽  
The Impact ◽  
North Western ◽  
Western Ethiopia

The impact of fertilizer of N and P on the yield of sesame in north-western Ethiopia was investigated. Field experiments were conducted in 2010 and 2011. Six levels of urea and six levels of di-ammonium phosphate were applied using a factorial completely randomized block design. Application of N and P increased the plant height, the number of capsules plant−1, and the yield ha−1. The number of days to flower decreased with increasing rates of nitrogen. The number of days to maturity was largest (91 days) at a rate of 23 kg N ha−1. Applying 92 kg N ha−1 resulted in a yield of 917.8 kg ha−1 and a plant height of 104 cm. An application of 92 kg P ha−1 with 36 Kg N ha−1 gave a yield of 908 kg ha−1 and a plant height of 103.4 cm. The interaction between N and P significantly affected the number of days to flower, plant height, the number of capsules plant−1, and yield ha−1. Applying 128 kg N ha−1 and 92 kg P ha−1 gave the biggest yield (1043 kg ha−1). However, application of 41 kg N ha−1 and 46 kg P ha−1 gave the largest marginal rate of return.

scholarly journals Cost Benefit Analyses in Managing Late Blight Through Trichoderma asperellum Seed Treatment and Ridomil® Application on Potato

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Kilonzi M. Jackson ◽  
Mafurah J. Joseph ◽  
Nyongesa M. Wambomba ◽  
Ng’ang’a Nancy
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Seed Tuber ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Marginal Rate Of Return

Fungicides overuse in management of late blight has led to increased cost of production and biodiversity issues. To better understand costs and benefits associated with seed treatment to reduce fungicide application, apical cutting and tuber seed crop were pre-treated by either peridermal injection or dipping using T. asperellum suspension at 33%, 66% and 100% concentration and then sprayed separately with Ridomil&reg; (Metalaxyl 4% + Mancozeb 64%) at 21, 14 and 7 (Manufacturer&rsquo;s Recommended Regime) days interval. Results showed that apical cuttings had 7.5% higher disease severity and 0.2% lower yield than crop from seed tuber. Untreated and 33% T. asperellum were not significant different (p = 0.05) in disease and yield scores. T. asperellum concentration at 66% and 100% reduced disease severity by 26% and 27% resulting to 30% and 29% yield increment respectively. Spray interval of 14 days did not differ significantly from 7 day spray interval in terms of disease score and yield but the regime MRR% was double 7 day spray interval. Maximum yield loss was observed in unprotected plots followed by treatments sprayed at 21 days interval. Combination of 66% and 100% T. asperellum concentration with 14 days interval resulted to higher yield and marginal rate of return compared to any other combination. Seed dipping was four times profitable than injection. The findings suggest that seed treatment at 66% and 100% T. asperellum concentration by dipping in combination with Ridomil&reg; application at 14 days interval significantly reduced late blight epidemics and improved on yield and consequently increased net farm income.

scholarly journals The Influence of Phosphorus and Transplanting Date on Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Quality Parameters and yield of bulb Under Irrigation at Adami Tulu Jedo Kombolcha Woreda, East showa zone, Oromia Region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilaye Anbes ◽  
Walelign Worku
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Phosphorus Level ◽  
Net Benefit ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Bulb Yield ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

AbstractA field experiment was showed to decide the influence of phosphorus level and transplanting date on quality parameters of onion at Adami Tulu Jedo Kombolcha Woreda, during 2017/18 season. The treatments consisted of four phosphorus levels (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg P ha−1) and three transplanting date (42, 49 and 56 days). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with four replications. The result showed that phosphorus level and transplanting date significantly influenced bulb dry matter content, marketable bulb yield, medium size bulb yield. Among these parameters, marketable bulb yield was also significantly influenced by the interaction of phosphorus level and transplanting date. On the other hand, small size bulb yield, large size bulb yield, over size bulb yield and under size bulb yield were only influenced by the effect of phosphorus levels. In this study, fertilized 60 kg P ha−1 with transplanting at 56 days of transplanting date recorded the highest marketable bulb yield, but no significant difference was showed with that obtained at 40 kg P ha−1 with the same transplanting date. Treatment combinations of no P (control) and transplanting date at 42 days produced the lowest amounts of marketable bulb yield. The economic analysis revealed that the highest net benefit with low cost of production was obtained in response to the application of 40 kg P ha−1 and the transplanting age of 56 days. The marginal rate of return for this treatment was 11983% which is found to be economically feasible for producing bulb in the districts.

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