Mine Waste-Based Next Generation Bricks: A Case Study of Iron Ore Tailings, Red Mudand GGBS Utilization in Bricks

Utilization of mine wastes as a building material in the construction industry surmises to environmental and sustainable concepts in civil engineering.The potential environmental threat posed by mining wastes, as well as a growing societal awareness of the need to effectively treat mining wastes, has elevated the subject importance.The present research proposes a method of producing bricks that is both cost effective and environmentally benign. The research is based on the geopolymerization, known to save energy by obviating high-temperature kiln firing and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. The methodology encompasses the mixing of red mud and iron ore tailings in the range of 90% to 50% with a decrement of 10% with GGBS in the range of 10% to 50% with an increment of 10%. The raw materials and the developed composites have been tested as per Indian and ASTM standards.In addition to tests pertaining to the physical and mechanical properties, XRF, XRD, and SEM tests have been performed for examining various related issues. Based on the result analysis, the compressive strength values showed noticeable differences in case of IOT and red mud bricks with IOT-based bricks showing better compressive strengths.

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Fabrication of Baking-free Bricks from Iron Ore Tailings

Current Materials Science ◽

10.2174/2666145413666200319130050 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

H. J. Chen ◽

Zi Wang ◽

Lizhai Pei ◽

Z. Y. Xue ◽

C. H. Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Compressive Strength ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Raw Materials ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Safety Hazard ◽

Xrd Pattern ◽

X Ray ◽

Iron Ore Tailings ◽

Brick Powder ◽

Micro Morphology

Aims: The aim is to prepare baking-free bricks using iron ore tailings as the main raw materials. Objective: Iron ore tailings have increased dramatically in recent decades. The storage of the iron ore tailings has potential environmental and safety hazard. Therefore, it is urgent to use the tailings to produce valuable products. Objective: The objective of the research is to treat the tailings by preparing the baking-free bricks. Method: The phases and micro-morphology of the baking-free bricks have been investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimal components and preparation parameters of the baking-free bricks were determined by controlling the ratio of the raw materials and forming pressure. The physical properties of the baking-free bricks including compressive strength and density have been analyzed by controlling the forming pressure and curing time. Result: The optimal components of the baking-free bricks is 65wt.% tailings, 5wt.% titanium gypsum, 17wt.% slag, 5wt. Conclusion: Baking-free bricks have been successfully prepared from the iron ore tailings adding a small amount of cementing materials including titanium gypsum, slag, acetylene sludge and waste brick powder. Other: The XRD pattern and SEM observation show that 28 d tailing bricks are mainly composed of irregular particles and a large number of ettringite (Aft) nanorods. The analyzed results revealed that the formed irregular particles and Aft nanorods contribute to the improvement of compressive strength and compactness of the tailing bricks.

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Investigation of the Decorative Ceramics of Matrix Structure from Iron-Ore Waste with Vanadium Component Addition

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.520 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 931 ◽

pp. 520-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrey Y. Stolboushkin ◽

Danil V. Akst

Keyword(s):

Iron Ore ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Materials ◽

Matrix Structure ◽

Vanadium Slag ◽

The Matrix ◽

Color Form ◽

Decorative Ceramic ◽

Component Addition

Results of the study of bulk coloring of decorative ceramic materials with matrix structure based on the slurry part of the iron ore tailings by vanadium slag additive are represented. Chemical, mineralogical and granulometric compositions of the raw materials are presented. The characteristic of their ceramic-technological properties is given. A new method of obtaining decorative ceramic specimens with matrix structure is described. The dependence of physical and mechanical properties and ceramic specimen color form the vanadium slag amount in charge is established. The results of studies of the matrix structure of decorative ceramic specimens with different contents of the coloring additive are represented.

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Characterization and Assessment of Iron Ore Tailings as Raw Materials for Construction Industries

Recycled Waste Materials in Concrete Construction - Advances in Civil and Industrial Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-8325-7.ch001 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-16

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Experimental Program ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Mineralogical Characterization ◽

Iron Ore Tailings ◽

Five Elements ◽

Leaching Behaviour

This chapter deals with the characterization and assessment of iron ore tailings (IOT) as raw materials for the construction industry. This chapter specifies the production process of iron ore and generation of waste material followed by listing the nature and prospective issues of IOT. Methods of IOT characterization are explained through five elements, which are chemical composition, leaching behavior, thermal stability, mineralogical characterization, and morphology. The experimental program and research results of this study are explained in six subtitles, namely chemical composition, leaching behaviour, thermal stability, x-ray diffraction pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM/EDX). Results revealed that the IOT materials are suitable for use in construction and building industries due to their substantial silica and alumina contents and could possibly be used to fabricate paving blocks, sand-crete blocks, mud blocks, geopolymer bricks, and ceramic floor tiles.

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An Experimental Study on Utilisation of Red Mud and Iron Ore Tailings in Production of Stabilised Blocks

Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering - Sustainable Civil Engineering Practices ◽

10.1007/978-981-15-3677-9_2 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Beulah ◽

K. Sarath Chandra ◽

Mothi Krishna Mohan ◽

I. Clifford Dean ◽

G. Gayathri

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Red Mud ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Iron Ore Tailings

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Experimental Study on the Properties of Concrete Mixed with Iron Ore Tailings

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1155/2016/8606505 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Zhong-xi Tian ◽

Zeng-hui Zhao ◽

Chun-quan Dai ◽

Shu-jie Liu

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Industrial Waste ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Durability Test ◽

Natural Sand ◽

Optimal Amount ◽

Compression Performance ◽

Iron Ore Tailings ◽

Carbonation Resistance

The objective of this study is to evaluate the modified performance of concrete with mixing of iron ore tailings in order to solve the shortage of natural sand and make full use of industrial waste. Firstly, the raw materials of mixing were analyzed, and the test ratio was determined. Secondly, the workability and mechanical property of concrete specimens with different amounts of iron ore tailings as replacement were tested. Results show that 35% replacement of natural aggregate by iron ore tailings is optimal. Finally, tests of impermeability, frost resistance, and carbonation resistance were further performed for the concrete specimens with optimal amount of iron ore tailings. The compression performance of the specimens after a durability test was determined. The change in the mechanical properties of the specimens was obtained after seepage, freezing-thawing, and carbonation. Findings showed that the performance of the concrete with 35% replacement of iron ore tailings is basically equivalent to that of natural sand concrete. Hence, it can be utilized in engineering applications.

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Laboratory experimental study on red mud geopolymer used as road subgrade materials

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202126102043 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 261 ◽

pp. 02043

Author(s):

Lusheng Qin ◽

Qingke Nie ◽

Haiqing Zhang ◽

Xiangxin Jia ◽

Chuanchuan Zhang

Keyword(s):

Red Mud ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Strength Loss ◽

Industrial Wastes ◽

Utilization Rate ◽

Dry Density ◽

Maximum Dry Density ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Cbr Test

Red mud is a strong alkaline waste discharged from the process of alumina extraction, which is harmful to the environment and its utilization rate is always low. One of the effective ways to utilize red mud is used as road subgrade material. In this paper, the industrial wastes including red mud, fly ash, slag, and desulfurized gypsum are used as basic raw materials to prepare subgrade filling materials. A series of laboratory tests, such as compaction test, California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test (soaked and non-soaked conditions) and permeability test, are carried out. The physical and mechanical properties, such as maximum dry density, optimum moisture content, CBR value, expansion, permeability coefficient and soaked strength loss rate, of the mixtures with different proportions, were studied. The results can provide reference for the selection of the best proportion scheme and promote the utilization of red mud in subgrade engineering.

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Next generation technology for utilization of alumina rich iron ore tailings in India

New Trends in Production Engineering ◽

10.2478/ntpe-2019-0008 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 78-85

Author(s):

Sudipta Mukopadhyay ◽

Muthaimanoj Periyasamy

Keyword(s):

Iron Ore ◽

Mine Waste ◽

Value Added ◽

Synthesis Methods ◽

Low Grade ◽

Environmental Application ◽

Iron Ore Tailings ◽

Wide Range ◽

Ca 50 ◽

Synthesis Routes

Abstract Accumulation of low-grade iron ore tailings (IOTs) generated during the processing of high-grade iron ore has become a great threat to environment. Although wide range of research works has carried out to recover the iron values from the IOTs, but the solid recovery value has limited to ca. 50% in Indian context. In order to attain a maximum iron recovery and to utilize these solid wastes for future needs, an attention has shed on the topics of hydrometallurgy and applied nanomaterial synthesis from IOTs. Iron containing nanoparticles (ICNs) have huge potential in environmental and energy related applications. A wide range of synthesis methods has developed to produce ICNs from the mine waste. It is evident from the recent research works that converting waste materials into value added products are gaining more attentions. Objective of this review is to analyse the green synthesis routes to prepare ICNs from mine waste, starting from the physio chemical identification of waste material followed by discussion on various methods of ICNs synthesis routes from mine waste. It includes selective leaching method. Finally, the use of ICNs for environmental application had discussed in brief

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Study on Producing Sand-Lime Bricks with Iron Ore Tailings and Phosphogypsum and other Solid Wastes

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.357 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 575-576 ◽

pp. 357-360

Author(s):

Wen Hong Tao ◽

Xing Hua Fu ◽

Guang Li Chen ◽

Bin Wu

Keyword(s):

Fly Ash ◽

Iron Ore ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Solid Wastes ◽

Hydration Mechanism ◽

Iron Ore Tailings ◽

Weight Content ◽

Pressure Shaping ◽

And Performance ◽

The Relationship

The paper studied preparing sand-lime bricks by pressure shaping and nature curing, discussed the stimulation effect of compound activators composed of phosphogypsum and lime. The result shows that: when the proportions of raw materials are as follows: 10~15% weight content is iron ore tailings, 3% is phosphogypsum, 5% lime, 5% cement, 40~45% low quality fly ash, and 22~37% chips, the strength of sand-lime bricks produced gets its highest. XRD and SEM are used to characterize its mineral composition and microstructure. The paper also discussed the relationship between structure and performance inside the bricks, and its hydration mechanism.

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