scholarly journals Inflammatory Cytokines, Adipocytokines, and Th17/Treg Balance in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease following Administration of Dahuang Zhechong Pills

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Duan ◽  
Jianlin Lv ◽  
Hebei Jiang ◽  
Kefei Zheng ◽  
Yulin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hs Crp

Objectives. The occurrence and development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to lipid peroxidation, imbalance of inflammatory response factors, and immune function disorder. This study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines and adipocytokines and Th17/Treg balance in NAFLD patients treated with Dahuang Zhechong pills (DHZCPs). Methods. The study recruited 100 NAFLD patients who were then arranged into the test group and control group. Patients in the test group were treated with DHZCPs, while patients in the control group were untreated. Peripheral TH17 and Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry, and peripheral IL-17, IL-10, hs-CRP, and TNF-α expression levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods. The concentrations of ghrelin, leptin, and adiponectin were quantitatively examined. Results. The levels of TC, TG, ALT, and AST were declined but the level of HDL-C was increased in NAFLD patients treated with DHZCPs compared with untreated patients ( P < 0.05 ). The ratio of Th17/Treg in NAFLD patients treated with DHZCPs was (1.52 ± 0.21), which was significantly lower than (2.39 ± 0.45) of untreated patients ( P < 0.05 ). The levels of IL-17, hs-CRP, and TNF-α were lower, but the level of IL-10 was higher in NAFLD patients treated with DHZCPs than that in untreated patients ( P < 0.05 ). The expression levels of ghrelin and adiponectin in NAFLD patients treated with DHZCPs were evidently higher than those in untreated patients ( P < 0.01 ), and the expression level of leptin in NAFLD patients treated with DHZCPs was evidently lower than that in untreated patients ( P < 0.01 ). Conclusions. Administration of DHZCPs regulates the immune function of NAFLD patients by keeping Th17/Treg balance and affecting the levels of inflammatory cytokines and adipocytokines.

scholarly journals Features of a necrotic and inflammatory process in different forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
I V Kurbatova ◽  
O P Dudanova
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tnf Α

Aim. To identify the features of development of a necrotic and inflammatory process in different forms of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), by comparatively analyzing a full set of clinical and laboratory parameters, including the cytokine status and the expression level of enzyme genes controlling the apoptosis of peripheral leukocytes. Subjects and methods 86 patients with NAFLD, including 8 (9.3%) with hepatic steatosis (HS), 70 (81.4%) with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), 40, 19, and 11 with mild, moderate, and high disease activity, respectively, and 8 (9.3%) with liver cirrhosis (LC), were examined. A control group consisted of 34 healthy donors. Clinical and biochemical blood indices, cytokine profile, and the level of caspase gene transcripts in the peripheral blood leukocytes (PBL) were estimated. Results. As compared to the controls, the patients with HS had higher tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels and lower caspase 3, 6, and 8 mRNA in PBL. The concentration of IL-10 in NASH was higher than that in steatosis and positively correlated with the level of proinflammatory cytokines. The levels of TNF-α and IL6 were higher in the patients with NASH than in the controls. Those of C-reactive protein, γ-globulin, IL-6, and cytokeratin-18 fragment increased with the progression of NASH. In the latter, the transcriptional activity of caspase-3 gene decreased relative to the reference value and negatively correlated with the level of proinflammatory cytokines. In the patients with LC, the gene expression profile of caspases in PBL was similar to that in the control group; the level of IL-6 was higher than that in steatosis and NASH, that of IL-1β was higher than in HS and positively correlated the concentration of IL-6 and the activity of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Conclusion. The features of a necrotic and inflammatory process were identified in different forms of NAFLD. When the latter progressed, the cytokine profile and gene expression levels of caspases in PBL altered along with a change in the general clinical picture.

scholarly journals Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients of cardiovascular diseases and its association with hs-CRP and TNF-α

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 574-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masihur Rehman Ajmal ◽  
Monika Yaccha ◽  
Mohammed Azharuddin Malik ◽  
M.U. Rabbani ◽  
Ibne Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Hs Crp

Hepatoprotective Activities of Polysaccharide From the Fruit of Ribes odoratum Wendl. on High-Fat-Sucrose Diet-Induced Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2094693
Author(s):  
Lin-you Zou ◽  
Na Hu ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Hong-lun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Fibrosis ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Model Group ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Sucrose Diet

To investigate the hepatoprotective activities of a polysaccharide extracted from the fruit of Ribes odoratum Wendl. (ROWFP) in a mouse model of high-fat-sucrose diet (HFD)-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The NAFLD model was induced in C57BL/6 mice by feeding them an HFD for 12 weeks. The mice were randomly divided into the following 5 groups: control group, HFD group, 10-mg/kg ROWFP group, 100-mg/kg ROWFP group, and 200-mg/kg ROWFP group. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the serum were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The liver ultrastructure was observed via optical microscopy. The oil red O-stained lipid droplets of the fresh liver samples were analyzed, and the lipid content was semiquantified. CD68 expression in the liver tissue and serum levels of the inflammatory factors (interleukin [IL]-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) were measured to reflect the inflammation status. The degree of liver fibrosis was determined by sirius red staining. When compared with the control group, the levels of AST, ALT, TG, TC, IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and CD68 in the HFD group were increased, while the HDL level was decreased. Severe liver damage, lipid accumulation, and liver fibrosis were also observed in the HFD model group. When compared with the model group, ROWFP treatment (100 mg/kg or 200 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the HFD-induced hepatic damage. This study supports the hepatoprotective effect of ROWFP against HFD-induced NAFLD.

scholarly journals GOUT AND NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE: EFFECT OF ENTEROSORPTION’S ADDITION TO COMMON TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
U. O. Mudra
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Disease Effect ◽  
Basic Treatment

Background. Gout is still one of the major health problems despite significant advances in treatment in recent years. It has been proved that pathogenetic mechanisms of development and progression of gout are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Complex pathogenic treatment of patients aimed at different parts of the pathological process has recently been supplemented with the enterosorbents. Objective. The aim of the research is to study the clinical features of gout with concomitant nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to evaluate the effect of carbon enterosorbent on its course. Methods. 123 patients were involved in the study. They were divided into 2 groups: group 1 included patients with gout without liver damage, and group 2 included patients with concomitant NAFLD. Each of these groups was divided into subgroups, in which the patients received carbon enterosorbent carboline plus basic treatment. The control group consisted of 30 healthy persons. Anamnesis, physical examination, uric acid (UA), C-reactive protein (CRP) content, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in serum were determined. Gout activity was evaluated using the Gout Activity Score (GAS). Results. Basic treatment in combination with carbon enterosorbent contributed to faster cure of intoxication, pain and joint syndromes, as well as decrease of the inflammatory process activity. Conclusions. The course of gout in the patients with concomitant NAFLD is more severe. Adding of carbon granular enterosorbent carboline in the complex treatment of patients with gout with or without concomitant NAFLD in the exacerbation phase contributes to a faster cureing dynamics of clinical and laboratory manifestations of the disease.

scholarly journals Adolescent Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes in Young Adulthood

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. e34-e44
Author(s):  
Aya Bardugo ◽  
Cole D Bendor ◽  
Inbar Zucker ◽  
Miri Lutski ◽  
Tali Cukierman-Yaffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetes Incidence ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Abstract Context The long-term risk of type 2 diabetes in adolescents with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. Objective To assess type 2 diabetes risk among adolescents with NAFLD. Design and Setting A nationwide, population-based study of Israeli adolescents who were examined before military service during 1997–2011 and were followed until December 31, 2016. Participants A total of 1 025 796 normoglycemic adolescents were included. Interventions Biopsy or radiographic tests were prerequisite for NAFLD diagnosis. Data were linked to the Israeli National Diabetes Registry. Main Outcome Measures Type 2 diabetes incidence. Results During a mean follow-up of 13.3 years, 12 of 633 adolescents with NAFLD (1.9%; all with high body mass index [BMI] at baseline) were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes compared with 2917 (0.3%) adolescents without NAFLD. The hazard ratio (HR) for type 2 diabetes was 2.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.47–4.58) for the NAFLD vs. the non-NAFLD group after adjustment for BMI and sociodemographic confounders. The elevated risk persisted in several sensitivity analyses. These included an analysis of persons without other metabolic comorbidities (adjusted HR, 2.75 [95% CI, 1.48-5.14]) and of persons with high BMI; and an analysis whose outcome was type 2 diabetes by age 30 years (adjusted HR, 2.14 [95% CI, 1.02-4.52]). The results remained significant when a sex-, birth year-, and BMI-matched control group was the reference (adjusted HR, 2.98 [95% CI, 1.54-5.74]). Conclusions Among normoglycemic adolescents, NAFLD was associated with an increased adjusted risk for type 2 diabetes, which may be apparent before age 30 years.

The pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid in rats with orotic acid induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
Dionysius Subali ◽  
Mi Hye Kwon ◽  
Won Seok Bang ◽  
Hee Eun Kang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Mycophenolic Acid ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Orotic Acid ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Expression Levels

Post-transplantation nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in liver transplant recipients. Changes in the expression levels and activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters have been reported in patients with NAFLD and relevant rodent models. Here, we evaluated whether the pharmacokinetics of mycophenolic acid (MPA), an immunosuppressant, would be altered in rats with NAFLD. NAFLD was induced by feeding a diet containing 1% (w/w) orotic acid for 20 days. The extent of hepatic glucuronidation of MPA to a major metabolite, mycophenolic acid-7-O-glucuronide (MPAG), did not differ between rats with NAFLD and controls. The expression levels of hepatic multidrug resistance-associated protein 2, responsible for biliary excretion of MPAG, were comparable in rats with NAFLD and controls; the biliary excretion of MPAG was also similar in the two groups. Compared with control rats, rats with NAFLD did not exhibit significant changes in the areas under the plasma concentration – time curves of MPA or MPAG after intravenous (5 mg/kg) or oral (10 mg/kg) administration of MPA. However, delayed oral absorption of MPA was observed in rats with NAFLD compared with controls; the MPA and MPAG peak plasma concentrations fell significantly and the times to achieve them were prolonged following oral administration of MPA.

scholarly journals Effect of dietary intervention, with or without co-interventions, on inflammatory markers in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 765-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anjana J Reddy ◽  
Elena S George ◽  
Stuart K Roberts ◽  
Audrey C Tierney
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Context Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents a spectrum of liver disorders, ranging from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), with inflammation acting as a key driver in its pathogenesis and progression. Diet has the potential to mediate the release of inflammatory markers; however, little is known about the effects of various diets. Objective This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary interventions on cytokines and adipokines in patients with NAFLD. Data Sources The electronic databases MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library were searched for clinical trials investigating dietary interventions, with or without supplementation, on cytokines and adipokines in NAFLD patients. Data Extraction Basic characteristics of populations, dietary intervention protocol, cytokines, and adipokines were extracted for each study. Quality of evidence was assessed using the American Dietetic Association criteria. Data Analysis Nineteen studies with a total of 874 participants were included. The most frequently reported inflammatory outcomes were C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6), adiponectin, and leptin. Hypocaloric, isocaloric, or low-fat diets significantly (P < 0.05) lowered levels of CRP, TNF-α, and adiponectin. The addition of nutraceutical or pharmacological supplementation to dietary interventions appeared to elicit additional benefits for all of the most frequently reported inflammatory markers. Conclusions Hypo- or isocaloric diets alone, or with co-interventions that included a nutraceutical or pharmacological supplementation, appear to improve the inflammatory profile in patients with NAFLD. Thus, anti-inflammatory diets may have the potential to improve underlying chronic inflammation that underpins the pathophysiological mechanisms of NAFLD. In the absence of any known liver-sensitive markers, the use of cytokines and adipokines as a surrogate marker of liver disease should be further investigated in well-controlled trials.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Serum Uric Acid Levels and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Non-Obese Patients

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oral ◽  
Sahin ◽  
Turker ◽  
Kocak
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Relationship

Background and objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with multiple factors such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity, and hyperuricemia. We aim to investigate the relationship between uric acid and NAFLD in a non-obese and young population. Materials and Methods: This study was performed in January 2010–2019 with a group of 367 (225 patients in the NAFLD group and 142 in the control group) patients with liver biopsy-proven NAFLD or no NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD were classified according to the percentage of steatosis as follows, group I had 1–20% and group II >20%. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory (biochemical parameters) features were collected retrospectively. Results: The mean body mass index (BMI) and age of the patients were 26.41 ± 3.42 and 32.27 ± 8.85, respectively. The BMI, homeostatic model of assessment (HOMA-IR), and uric acid (UA) values of the NAFLD group were found to be significantly higher than those of the controls. A positive correlation was found between the NAFLD stage and UA. The following factors were independently associated with NAFLD: BMI, HOMA-IR, and UA. In addition, the cut-off value of UA was 4.75 mg/dl with a sensitivity of 45.8% and a specificity of 80.3%. Conclusions: UA is a simple, non-invasive, cheap, and useful marker that may be used to predict steatosis in patients with NAFLD.

scholarly journals Dietary Blueberry and Bifidobacteria Attenuate Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Rats by Affecting SIRT1-Mediated Signaling Pathway

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Ren ◽  
Chao Huang ◽  
Mingliang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Blueberry Juice ◽  
Group A ◽  
Better Than

NAFLD model rats were established and divided into NAFLD model (MG group), SIRT1 RNAi (SI group), blueberry juice (BJ group), blueberry juice + bifidobacteria (BJB group), blueberry juice + SIRT1 RNAi (BJSI group), and blueberry juice + bifidobacteria + SIRT1 RNAi groups (BJBSI group). A group with normal rats was a control group (CG). BJB group ameliorated NAFLD, which was better than BJ group (P<0.05). The lipid accumulation was lower in CG, BJ, and BJB groups than that in MG, SI, BJSI, and BJBSI groups (P<0.05). The levels of SIRT1 and PPAR-αwere higher in CG, BJ, and BJB groups than those in MG, SI, BJSI, and BJBSI groups (P<0.05). The levels of SREBP-1c were lower in CG, BJ, and BJB groups than those in MG, SI, BJSI, and BJBSI groups (P<0.05). The biochemical indexes SOD, GSH, and HDL-c were improved from CG to BJB group (P<0.05). Inversely, the levels of AST and ALT, TG, TC, LDL-c, and MDA were decreased from CG to BJB group (P<0.05). These changes enhance antioxidative capability and biochemical index of rats. Blueberry juice and bifidobacteria improve NAFLD by activating SIRTI-mediating signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Exenatide Delays the Progression of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in C57BL/6 Mice, Which May Involve Inhibition of the NLRP3 Inflammasome through the Mitophagy Pathway

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Shao ◽  
Xin-Yang Yu ◽  
Xue-Fei Ma ◽  
Wen-Jian Lin ◽  
Ming Hao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Nlrp3 Inflammasome ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver

Objective. This study is aimed at investigating whether exenatide (Exe) delays the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in C57BL/6 mice by targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome through the autophagy/mitophagy pathway. Methods. Thirty male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group (n=10), model group (n=10), and Exe (exenatide) group (n=10). Mouse models of NAFLD and diabetes were established using a high-fat diet and streptozocin. Results. The levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) in the serum were significantly reduced after Exe treatment. The body weight, liver weight/body weight, and number of lipid droplets in the liver significantly decreased in Exe-treated mice. Treatment with Exe markedly reduced the levels of liver lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum and livers. The number of autophagosomes increased significantly in the Exe group. The expression of LC3A/B-II/I, Beclin-1, Parkin, and BNIP3L increased significantly, whereas NLRP3 and IL-1β proteins were suppressed after Exe treatment. Conclusion. We successfully established a mouse model of NAFLD and diabetes. Exe may reduce oxidative stress injury and inhibit the NLRP3 inflammasome by enhancing the autophagy/mitophagy pathway in liver, which has a protective effect on the liver in NAFLD and diabetes in C57BL/6 mice.

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