scholarly journals The Effect of Different Vegetable Oils on Cedar Wood Surface Energy: Theoretical and Experimental Fungal Adhesion

2022 ◽  
Vol 2022 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Fadoua Bennouna ◽  
Moulay Sadiki ◽  
Soumya Elabed ◽  
Saad Ibnsouda Koraichi ◽  
Mohammed Lachkar
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Wood Surface ◽  
Linseed Oil ◽  
Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Penicillium Commune

Despite having been used for ages to preserve wood against several effects (biological attack and moisture effects) that cause its degradation, the effect of vegetable oils on the cedar wood physicochemical properties is poorly known. Thus, in this study, the hydrophobicity, electron-acceptor (γ+), and electron-donor (γ−) properties of cedar wood before and after treatment with vegetable oils have been determined using contact angle measurement. The cedar wood has kept its hydrophobic character after treatment with the different vegetable oils. It has become more hydrophobic quantitatively with values of surface energy ranged from −25.84 to −43.45 mJ/m2 and more electron donors compared to the untreated sample. Moreover, the adhesion of four fungal strains (Penicillium commune (PDLd”), Thielavia hyalocarpa, Penicillium commune (PDLd10), and Aspergillus niger) on untreated and treated cedar wood was examined theoretically and experimentally. For untreated wood, the experimental adhesion showed a positive relationship with the results obtained by the extended Derjaguin–Landau–Verwey–Overbeek (XDLVO) approach which found that all fungal strains could adhere strongly to the cedar wood material. In contrast, this relationship was not always positive after treatment. The Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM) has shown that P. commune (PDLd10) and A. niger were found unable to adhere to the wood surface after treatment with sunflower and rapeseed oils. In addition, the results showed that the four fungal strains’ adhesion was decreased with olive and linseed oils treatment except that of P. commune (PDLd10) treated with linseed oil.

scholarly journals Application of Waterborne Acrylic and Solvent-Borne Polyester Coatings on Plasma-Treated Fir (Abies alba M.) Wood

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Hadi Gholamiyan ◽  
Behnam Gholampoor ◽  
Reza Hosseinpourpia
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Accelerated Weathering ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

This research investigates the effect of plasma treatment with air, nitrogen (N2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) gases on the performance of waterborne (acrylic) and solvent-borne (polyester) coated fir (Abies alba M.) wood samples. The properties of the plasma-coated samples were analyzed before and after exposure to accelerated weathering and compared with those of untreated and solely treated ones. According to pull-off testing, the coating adhesion of the wood samples was considerably improved by plasma treatment, and obvious differences were observed between different plasma gases. The effect was more pronounced after the weathering test. Similar results were obtained for the abrasion resistance of the samples. The water contact angle measurement illustrated more hydrophilic character in the solely plasma-treated wood in comparison with the untreated wood. The application of coatings, however, strongly improved its hydrophobic character. The performances of waterborne and solvent-borne coatings on plasma-treated wood were comparable, although slightly better values were obtained by the waterborne system. Our results exhibit the positive effect of plasma treatment on coating performances and the increased weather resistance of the waterborne and solvent-borne coating systems on plasma-treated wood.

EFFECT OF Nd:YAG LASER MELTING ON SURFACE ENERGY OF AZ91D Mg ALLOY

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (06) ◽  
pp. 801-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. C. GUAN ◽  
W. ZHOU ◽  
H. Y. ZHENG
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Laser Irradiation ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Laser Surface ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Az91d Magnesium Alloy ◽  
Drastic Increase

Laser surface melting is known to alter surface energy and wettability of a few engineering materials, but its effect on magnesium alloys has never been reported. Effort was made to study how Nd : YAG laser irradiation influenced surface energy of an AZ91D magnesium alloy. Contact angle measurement was carried out using three types of liquids to make it possible to calculate the surface energy quantitatively based upon the acid–base theory. The laser irradiation was found to enhance surface wettability significantly and lead to a drastic increase in surface energy from 25.82 to 40.78 mJ/m2. The change in surface property was attributed to the laser-induced refinement of α- Mg and β- Mg 17 Al 12 phases and enrichment of Al in the microstructure.

Green Polyurethane Adhesives for Wood Bonding

2015 ◽  
Vol 1115 ◽  
pp. 331-336
Author(s):  
M.A.F. Amran ◽  
Ernie Suzana Ali
Keyword(s):  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Adhesive System ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Lap Shear ◽  
Lap Shear Test ◽  
Wood Joint ◽  
Wood Bonding ◽  
Polyurethane Adhesives ◽  
The Fourier Transform

The Green polyurethane adhesive system was prepared using two types palm oil polyol having different molecular weight ~1100 (GA) and ~ 2200 (GB) respectively, 4-4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and nanoclay fillers via in-situ process. Adhesives were applied on both sides of two untreated wood substrate using brushing technique for lap shear test. The attached substrate then undergoes the curing process for 24 hours at room temperature with relative humidity of 50±5%. The disappearance of NCO peak in the Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectrum showed that MDI has completely reacted to form PU. Contact angle measurement proved that high wetting condition obtains from green polyurethane (PU) adhesive. PU adhesive wood joint improved in shear strength with addition of 1wt% nanoclay for both green polyol.

scholarly journals Preparation, Structure, and Properties of Polystyrene-Microsphere-Reinforced PEG-Based Hydrogels

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2605
Author(s):  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Zhanping Zhang ◽  
Yuhong Qi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Confocal Laser ◽  
Polystyrene Microspheres ◽  
Polystyrene Microsphere ◽  
Soap Free Emulsion Polymerization

To improve the mechanical strength and practicability of hydrogels, polystyrene microspheres with core–shell structure were prepared by the soap-free emulsion polymerization, polyethylene glycol hydrogels with polystyrene microspheres by the in-situ polymerization. The structure, morphology, roughness, swelling property, surface energy, and mechanical properties of the microspheres and hydrogels were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, confocal laser microscopy, swelling test, contact angle measurement, and compression test. The results showed that they have certain swelling capacity and excellent mechanical properties, and can change from hydrophobic to hydrophilic surface. The reason is that the hydrophilic chain segment can migrate, enrich, and form a hydration layer on the surface after soaking for a certain time. Introducing proper content of polystyrene microspheres into the hydrogel, the compressive strength and swelling degree improved obviously. Increasing the content of polystyrene microspheres, the surface energy of the hydrogels decreased gradually.

Synthesis and characterization of the polyacrylate latex functionalized by fluorine and silicon

e-Polymers ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofeng Ding ◽  
Rong Guan ◽  
Peizhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Latex Films ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Energy Estimation ◽  
Ratio Measurement ◽  
Ft Ir

AbstractNovel functionalized polyacrylate latex with fluorine and silicon was prepared by semi-continuous dropping technique. 19F NMR, elemental analysis of the silicon (EAS) and FT-IR measurements prove that 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) and α,ω-bis(hydroxyl)polydimethylsiloxane (PDMSH) is successfully polymerized. TEM demonstrates that the functionalized latex particles were spherical, uniform and stable. Contact angle measurement and surface energy estimation show that the highest water contact of the functionalized latex films were 118.3° and the surface energy was as low as 11.7 mJ/m2. Water absorption ratio measurement reveals that the water resistance of the functionalized latex films is improved. The heat resistance of the functionalized latex films does not show a large difference from that of the original polyacrylate in our investigated systems.

The Effect of Alkalization Treatment on Fiber-Matrix Compatibility in Natural Fiber Reinforced Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 847 ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Evana Yuanita ◽  
Yuli Amalia Husnil ◽  
Myrna Ariati Mochtar ◽  
Rahma Lailani ◽  
Mochamad Chalid
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Treated Fiber ◽  
Fiber Matrix

This work was aimed to investigate the effect of alkalization treatment on the fiber-matrix interfacial interaction and hence their compatibility. Kenaf fiber was treated using a 6% NaOH solution for 8 hours. The composites were produced by mixing the treated fiber with PP at various temperatures, duration, and fiber composition. Alteration on the surface chemistry of the fiber was identified by performing FTIR analysis. The surface energy of the treated fiber was mathematically derived from the contact angle measurement results. The compatibility level between treated fiber and PP matrix was visualized through FESEM analysis. Tensile strength tests were also conducted to obtain data necessary for exploring the relationship between the thermodynamic aspects of the fiber-matrix interfacial interaction and the mechanical properties of the composites. The FTIR spectra show that there was significant increase in the %transmittance at wavelength range of 3100-3600 cm-1 indicating that O-H groups were degraded during treatment. However, the polar component of the surface energy for treated fiber was instead higher compared to the untreated one. The SEM images show that there are no noticeable reduction in the size of the treated fibers as expected. On the other hand, the tensile strength of the PP-treated fibers composites reached its highest value when the matrix were loaded with fibers at the lowest percentage i.e. 5%.

EFFECT OF SURFACE PROPERTIES ON THE WETTABILITY OF IRON CONTAINING AMORPHOUS CARBON FILMS

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 1031-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. CHEN ◽  
S. P. LAU ◽  
Z. SUN ◽  
G. Y. CHEN ◽  
Y. J. LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Amorphous Carbon ◽  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
Dispersive Component

Ta-C and iron containing amorphous carbon (a-C:Fe) films were deposited by filtered cathodic vacuum arc technique. The influences of Fe contents on the wettability of the films were investigated in terms of surface energy. The surface energy of a-C:Fe films was determined by the contact angle measurement. Atomic force microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray induced photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to analyze the origin of the variation of surface energy with various Fe content. It is found that the contact angle for water increases significantly after incorporating Fe into the films and the films become hydrophobic. The roughness of these films has a little effect on the contact angle. The surface energy is reduced after incorporating Fe into the a-C film which is due to the reduction of both dispersive and polar component. The reduction in dispersive component is ascribed to the decrease of atomic density of the a-C:Fe films due to the increase in sp2 bonded carbon. The absorption of oxygen on the surface play an important role in the reduction of polar component for the a-C:Fe films. It is proposed that such network as (Ca-O-Fe)-O-(Fe-O-Ca) may be formed and responsible for the reduction of polar component.

Anti-Sticking Properties of PVD CrWNx, CrOx and ZrOx Coatings on Medical Electrode Application

2010 ◽  
Vol 297-301 ◽  
pp. 656-663
Author(s):  
Y.L. Hsu ◽  
C.H. Lee ◽  
S.M. Chiu ◽  
Y.C. Sung ◽  
K.Y. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Polar Component ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Unbalanced Magnetron

The side effect of electrosurgery includes tissue charring, smoke generation and the adhesion of tissue to electrodes. These effects prolong surgery and interfere with effective coagulation. In this paper, CrWNx, CrOx and ZrOx coating were prepared by an unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The microstructure of films was characterized using XRD, XPS, TEM and AFM. The hydrophobicity and surface energy of coatings were calculated by contact angle measurement and Wu harmonic mean approach. Anti-sticking in vitro test was performed by monopolar electrosurgery using pork liver tissue. The hardness of CrWNx , ZrOx and CrOx coatings were 44 GPa, 26.3 GPa and 20.7 GPa, respectively. The CrOx coating had the lowest surface energy 33.5 mN/m and the highest contact angle of water as high as 103°. The high surface O-H bonds density of CrOx coating and N-H bonds density of CrWNx coating could explain about their lower polar component of surface energy. All the three PVD coatings remarkably reduced the quantity of tissue adhesion on the electrode from about 2 times (ZrOx and CrWNx coatings) to 4.88 times (CrOx coating) than uncoated SUS304 electrode.

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