scholarly journals MYBL2 is a Potential Prognostic Marker that Promotes Cell Proliferation in Gallbladder Cancer

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 2117-2131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Bin Liang ◽  
Yang Cao ◽  
Qiang Ma ◽  
Yi-Jun Shu ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
...  

Background: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is an aggressive and highly lethal biliary tract malignancy, with extremely poor prognosis. In the present study, we analyzed the potential involvement of MYBL2, a member of the Myb transcription factor family, in the carcinogenesis of human GBC. Methods: MYBL2 expression levels were measured in GBC and cholecystitis tissue specimens using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays. The effects of MYBL2 on cell proliferation and DNA synthesis were evaluated using Cell Counting Kit-8 assay (CCK-8), colony formation, and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) retention assay, flow cytometry analysis, western blot, and a xenograft model of GBC cells in nude mice. Results: MYBL2 expression was increased in GBC tissues and associated with histological differentiation, tumour invasion, clinical stage and unfavourable overall survival in GBC patients. The downregulation of MYBL2 expression resulted in the inhibition of GBC cell proliferation, and DNA replication in vitro, and the growth of xenografted tumours in nude mice. Conversely, MYBL2 overexpression resulted in the opposite effects. Conclusions: MYBL2 overexpression promotes GBC cell proliferation through the regulation of the cell cycle at the S and G2/M phase transitions. Thus, MYBL2 could serve as a potential prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in GBC patients.

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyu Zhai ◽  
Xiaoyu Zhang ◽  
Zhenyu Hei ◽  
Longyang Jin ◽  
Chao Han ◽  
...  

Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common biliary tract tumor with a poor prognosis. Isorhamnetin is a flavonoid compound extracted from Hippophae rhamnoides L. and has several pharmacological effects including anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer properties. We treated GBC-SD and NOZ of GBC cell lines with different isorhamnetin concentrations in vitro. A cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, transwell assay, Hoechst 33342 stain assay, flow cytometric analysis, and a colony-forming assay were performed to investigate the effect of isorhamnetin on the proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, and cycle arrest of GBC cells. A western blotting assay was conducted to explore the related protein expression level of GBC cells. A mice xenograft model and immunohistochemistry staining were employed to assess the effect of isorhamnetin in vivo. Isorhamnetin was found to suppress cell proliferation and metastasis, and trigger apoptosis and arrest the G2/M phase in GBC cells via the inactivation of the PI3K/AKT signaling cascade. Our findings are of clinical significance in providing a novel treatment approach for GBC.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xijun Yi ◽  
Yafei Wang ◽  
Shijie Xu

Abstract Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most primary malignant bone tumors, mainly attracting children and young adults. The microRNAs are mentioned to play vital roles in many cancers, including OS. The purpose of this study was to explore the expression and function of miR-455-3p in OS and predict the potential effects in clinical diagnosis and prognosis. Method We conducted quantitative real-time PCR to assess the expression of miR-455-3p in OS tissues and cell lines. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, Transwell assay, and flow cytometry were performed to assess the ability of miR-455-3p on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Kaplan–Meier curve and Cox regression analysis were used to demonstrate the survival outcome. Results This study revealed that the expression of miR-455-3p was decreased in OS tissues and cell lines. The dysregulation of miR-455-3p was in association with tumor size, distant metastasis, and clinical stage. Patients with high miR-455-3p expression had a satisfying survival rate. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that miR-455-3p was a promising prognostic indicator. Expression of miR-455-3p could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion, and facilitate apoptosis of OS cells in vitro. Conclusion These results indicated the miR-455-3p was a potential clinical therapeutic target and prognostic biomarker by suppressing the proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as enhancing cell apoptosis.


BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiao ◽  
Ge Jiang ◽  
Shengtao Zhang ◽  
Shuo Hu ◽  
Yunshan Fan ◽  
...  

Abstract Background The long non-coding (lnc) RNA activated by small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16), which has been reported to play a vital role in a number of different types of cancer, is a novel lncRNA. However, following an osteosarcoma (OS) study, the expression pattern, biological roles, clinical values and potential molecular mechanism of SNHG16 remain unclear. In the current study, we aimed to examine its expression and possible function in osteosarcoma (OS). Method Cell proliferation was measured by colony formation assay and Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) in vitro, and xenograft transplantation assay in vivo. Meanwhile, we used transwell chambers to test cell migration and invasion was evaluated. Cell cycle and apoptosis was evaluated by flow cytometry assay. Immunoblotting and qPCR analysis was carried out to detect protein and gene expression, respectively. Luciferase reporter assay was used to predict the potential downstream genes. Results The present study demonstrated that SNHG16 is highly expressed in both the tissues of patients with OS, as well as OS cell lines, and its expression level was positively correlated with clinical stage and poor overall survival. Functional assays revealed that the depletion of SNHG16 inhibits OS growth, OS cell progression and promotes apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the present study revealed that microRNA-1285-3p expression levels can be decreased by SNHG16 acting as a ‘sponge’, and that this pathway takes part in OS tumor growth in vivo, and OS cell proliferation, invasion, migration and apoptosis in vitro. Conclusions The results from the present study demonstrate the role of lncRNA SNHG16 in OS progression, which is SNHG16 might exert oncogenic role in osteosarcoma (OS) by acting as a ceRNA of miR-1285-3p, and it may become a novel target in OS therapy.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 456-468
Author(s):  
Xianbing Meng ◽  
Hailong Tian ◽  
Wenqiang Guo ◽  
Zhigang Wang

Abstract Circular RNAs contribute to the progression of glioma. However, the biological role and underlying mechanism of circ_0082375 in glioma remain unclear. Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot assay were used to evaluate the expression levels of circ_0082375, microRNA-485-5p, and Wnt family member 7B (Wnt7B). The overall survival of glioma patients was estimated by the Kaplan–Meier curve. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and migration were detected by cell counting kit-8, 5-ethynyl-2 -deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, flow cytometry, and transwell assays, respectively. Glucose level and lactate production were determined using glucose and lactate assay kits. In vitro angiogenesis assay was used to evaluate the angiogenesis of glioma cells. The interaction between microRNA (miR)-485-5p and circ_0082375 or Wnt family member 7B (Wnt7B) was verified by dual-luciferase reporter and RNA immunoprecipitation assays. A xenograft model was used to verify the function of circ_0082375 in vivo. circ_0082375 was upregulated in glioma tissues, and it was closely related to the prognosis of glioma patients. circ_0082375 knockdown suppressed cell proliferation, migration, invasion, angiogenesis, glycolysis, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and promoted cell apoptosis in glioma cells. irc_0082375 was a sponge of miR-485-5p, which directly targeted Wnt7B. Knockdown of circ_0082375 inhibited the malignancy, angiogenesis, and glycolysis of glioma cells in vitro by sponging miR-485-5p. Besides, circ_0082375 knockdown hampered the growth of glioma growth by regulating the miR-485-5p/Wnt7B axis in vivo. Altogether, circ_0082375 regulated miR-485-5p/Wnt7B axis to promote the malignancy, angiogenesis, and glycolysis of glioma cells, thereby contributing to the progression of glioma.


2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 437-448
Author(s):  
Aimin Wu ◽  
Xuewei Zhou ◽  
Linglong Mi ◽  
Jiang Shen

AbstractLINC00202 is a newly identified long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and has been demonstrated to involve in the progression of retinoblastoma (RB). Here, we further explored the role and the underlying molecular mechanism of LINC00202 on RB malignant properties and glycolysis. LINC00202, microRNA (miR)-204-5p, and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) mRNA were detected by a quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were analyzed using cell counting kit-8 assay and colony formation assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Glucose metabolism was calculated by measuring the extracellular acidification rate (ECRA). Western blot was used to detect the levels of HMGCR, ki67, pro-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-3, and lactate dehydrogenase A chain (LDHA). The interaction between miR-204-5p and LINC00202 or HMGCR was analyzed by the dual-luciferase reporter assay. Murine xenograft model was established to conduct in vivo experiments. LINC00202 expression was upregulated in RB tumor tissues and LINC00202 knockdown inhibited RB cell proliferation, glycolysis, and stimulated apoptosis in vitro as well as impeded tumor growth in vivo. MiR-204-5p directly bound to LINC00202 and HMGCR in RB cells, and LINC00202 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA in regulating HMGCR through competitively binding to miR-204-5p. More importantly, the regulation of malignant properties and glycolysis of RB cells mediated by LINC00202 could be reversed by abnormal miR-204-5p or HMGCR expression in RB cells. In all, LINC00202 promoted RB cell proliferation, glycolysis, and suppressed apoptosis by regulating the miR-204-5p/HMGCR axis, suggesting a novel therapeutic target for patients with RB.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Jia-Huang Liu ◽  
Qi-Fei Wu ◽  
Jun-Ke Fu ◽  
Xiang-Ming Che ◽  
Hai-Jun Li

Obesity could increase the risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and affect its growth and progression, but the mechanical links are unclear. The objective of the study was to explore the impact of obesity on ESCC growth and progression utilizing in vivo trials and cell experiments in vitro. Diet-induced obese and lean nude mice were inoculated with TE-1 cells, then studied for 4 weeks. Serum glucose, insulin, leptin, and visfatin levels were assayed. Sera of nude mice were obtained and then utilized to culture TE-1. MTT, migration and invasion assays, RT-PCR, and Western blotting were used to analyze endocrine effect of obesity on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and related genes expression of TE-1. Obese nude mice bore larger tumor xenografts than lean animals, and were hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic with an elevated level of leptin and visfatin in sera, and also were accompanied by a fatty liver. As for the subcutaneous tumor xenograft model, tumors were more aggressive in obese nude mice than lean animals. Tumor weight correlated positively with mouse body weight, liver weight of mice, serum glucose, HOMA-IR, leptin, and visfatin. Obesity prompted significant TE-1 cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by endocrine mechanisms and impacted target genes. The expression of AMPK and p-AMPK protein decreased significantly ( P < 0.05 ); MMP9, total YAP, p-YAP, and nonphosphorylated YAP protein increased significantly ( P < 0.05 ) in the cells cultured with conditioned media and xenograft tumor from the obese group; the mRNA expression of AMPK decreased significantly ( P < 0.05 ); YAP and MMP9 mRNA expression increased significantly ( P < 0.05 ) in the cells exposed to conditioned media from the obese group. In conclusion, the altered adipokine milieu and metabolites in the context of obesity may promote ESCC growth in vivo; affect proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro; and regulate MMP9 and AMPK-YAP signaling pathway through complex effects including the endocrine effect.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeerati Prompipak ◽  
Thanaset Senawong ◽  
Banchob Sripa ◽  
Albert J. Ketterman ◽  
Suppawit Utaiwat ◽  
...  

AbstractApplication of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is limited by adverse side effects and chemoresistance. Therefore, the combination therapy of 5-FU with other substances, especially natural products may provide a new strategy for CCA treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the combination effects of 5-FU and two ethanolic extracts of Thai noni juice (TNJ) products on CCA cell lines and nude mice xenografts. The results of antiproliferative assay showed the combination treatment of 5-FU and each TNJ ethanolic extract exerted more cytotoxicity on CCA cells than either single agent treatment. Synergistic effects of drug combinations can enable the dose reduction of 5-FU. The mechanism underlying a combination treatment was apoptosis induction through an activation of p53 and Bax proteins. In the nude mouse xenograft model, combination treatments of 5-FU with each TNJ ethanolic extract suppressed the growth of CCA cells implanted mice more than single agent treatments with no effects on mouse body weight, kidney, and spleen. Moreover, low doses of TNJ ethanolic extracts reduced the hepatotoxicity of 5-FU in nude mice. Taken together, these data suggested that the ethanolic extracts of TNJ products can enhance the anti-CCA effect and reduce toxicity of 5-FU.


Author(s):  
Chenyu Ding ◽  
Xuehan Yi ◽  
Xiangrong Chen ◽  
Zanyi Wu ◽  
Honghai You ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Temozolomide (TMZ) resistance limits its application in glioma. Exosome can carry circular RNAs (circRNAs) to regulate drug resistance via sponging microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs can control mRNA expression by regulate the interaction with 3’UTR and methylation. Nanog homeobox (NANOG) is an important biomarker for TMZ resistance. Hitherto, it is unknown about the role of exosomal hsa_circ_0072083 (circ_0072083) in TMZ resistance in glioma, and whether it is associated with NANOG via regulating miRNA sponge and methylation. Methods TMZ-resistant (n = 36) and sensitive (n = 33) patients were recruited. The sensitive cells and constructed resistant cells were cultured and exposed to TMZ. circ_0072083, miR-1252-5p, AlkB homolog H5 (ALKBH5) and NANOG levels were examined via quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of TMZ, cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were analyzed via Cell Counting Kit-8, colony formation, flow cytometry, wound healing and transwell assays. The in vivo function was assessed using xenograft model. The N6-methyladenosine (m6A) level was analyzed via methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP). Target relationship was investigated via dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Warburg effect was investigated via lactate production, glucose uptake and key enzymes expression. Exosome was isolated and confirmed via transmission electron microscopy and specific protein expression. Results circ_0072083 expression was increased in TMZ-resistant glioma tissues and cells. circ_0072083 knockdown restrained the resistance of resistant cells via decreasing IC50 of TMZ, proliferation, migration, invasion and xenograft tumor growth and increasing apoptosis. circ_0072083 silence reduced NANOG expression via blocking ALKBH5-mediated demethylation. circ_0072083 could regulate NANOG and ALKBH5 via targeting miR-1252-5p to control TMZ resistance. Warburg effect promoted the release of exosomal circ_0072083 in resistant cells. Exosomal circ_0072083 from resistant cells increased the resistance of sensitive cells to TMZ in vitro and xenograft model. Exosomal circ_0072083 level was enhanced in resistant patients, and it had a diagnostic value and indicated a lower overall survival in glioma. Conclusion Exosomal circ_0072083 promoted TMZ resistance via increasing NANOG via regulating miR-1252-5p-mediated degradation and demethylation in glioma.


2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3046
Author(s):  
Ming-Huei Chou ◽  
Hui-Ching Chuang ◽  
Yu-Tsai Lin ◽  
Ming-Hsien Tsai ◽  
Ying-Hsien Kao ◽  
...  

Patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) usually show a dismal prognosis. It is this worthwhile to develop new, effective therapeutic regimens for these patients, such as molecular targeted therapy, which is promising as an alternative or combination treatment for HNSCC. The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which plays an important role in the carcinogenesis of HNSCC, is the most frequently activated, and is thus worthy of further investigation. In this study, two human HNSCC cell lines, FaDu and SAS, were evaluated for cell growth with trypan blue staining and tumor growth using an orthotopic xenograft model. The immunohistochemical expression of mTOR in the subcutaneous xenograft model and the inhibitory effects of docetaxel on the growth and state of activation of the PI3K/mTOR pathway were also evaluated and examined by colony formation and Western blot, respectively. Cell proliferation and migration were measured by water-soluble tetrazolium salt (WST-1) and OrisTM cell migration assay, respectively. Furthermore, the effects of rapamycin and BEZ235, a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K) and mTOR inhibitor in combination with docetaxel or CCL20 were evaluated in the FaDu and SAS cells. The results showed that the expression of mTOR was significantly higher in the SAS and FaDu xenograft models than in the control. Docetaxel treatment significantly suppressed HNSCC cell proliferation and migration in vitro via the PI3K/mTOR/CCL-20 signaling pathway. Additionally, when administered in a dose-dependent fashion, mTOR inhibitors inhibited the growth and migration of the HNSCC cells. This combination was synergistic with docetaxel, resulting in almost complete cell growth and migration arrest. In conclusion, docetaxel significantly inhibited HNSCC cell proliferation and migration in vitro via the PI3K/mTOR/CCL-20 signaling pathway. The synergistic and additive activity of mTOR inhibitors combined with docetaxel shows potential as a new treatment strategy for HNSCC.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Zhang ◽  
Dan Li ◽  
Chengyou Jia ◽  
Haidong Cai ◽  
Zhongwei Lv ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most common type of cancer of the endocrine system. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as a novel class of gene expression regulators associated with tumorigenesis. Through preexisting databases available for differentially expressed lncRNAs in PTC, we uncovered that lncRNA OIP5-AS1 was significantly upregulated in PTC tissues. However, the function and the underlying mechanism of OIP5-AS1 in PTC are poorly understood. Methods Expression of lncRNA OIP5-AS1 and miR-98 in PTC tissue and cells were measured by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). And expression of METTL14 and ADAMTS8 in PTC tissue and cells were measured by qRT-PCR and western blot. The biological functions of METTL14, OIP5-AS1, and ADAMTS8 were examined using MTT, colony formation, transwell, and wound healing assays in PTC cells. The relationship between METTL14 and OIP5-AS1 were evaluated using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) and RNA pull down assay. And the relationship between miR-98 and ADAMTS8 were examined by luciferase reporter assay. For in vivo experiments, a xenograft model was used to investigate the effects of OIP5-AS1 and ADAMTS8 in PTC. Results Functional validation revealed that OIP5-AS1 overexpression promotes PTC cell proliferation, migration/invasion in vitro and in vivo, while OIP5-AS1 knockdown shows an opposite effect. Mechanistically, OIP5-AS1 acts as a target of miR-98, which activates ADAMTS8. OIP5-AS1 promotes PTC cell progression through miR-98/ADAMTS8 and EGFR, MEK/ERK pathways. Furthermore, RIP and RNA pull down assays identified OIP5-AS1 as the downstream target of METTL14. Overexpression of METTL14 suppresses PTC cell proliferation and migration/invasion through inhibiting OIP5-AS1 expression and regulating EGFR, MEK/ERK pathways. Conclusions Collectively, our findings demonstrate that OIP5-AS1 is a METTL14-regulated lncRNA that plays an important role in PTC progression and offers new insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying PTC development.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document