scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Different Doses of Intravenous Immunoglobulin on Severe Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease: A Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Jiao ◽  
Si-Ran Tan ◽  
Yan-Feng Huang ◽  
Li-Hong Mu ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Fever Clearance Time ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Different Doses

Objective: To conduct a meta-analysis of evidence from randomized controlled trails (RCTs) of different doses of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) in children with severe hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) to provide the scientific basis for clinical practice. Methods: A search of PubMed-Medline, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP database (until June 30, 2017) was performed and Software RevMan5.3 was used to evaluate the effect of different doses of IVIG on HFMD in RCTs. We used random-effects models (or fixed-effects models) and generic inverse variance methods to process quantitative data, followed by a leave-one-out method for sensitivity analysis. Results: From a total of 420 entries identified via searches, 8 RCTs involving 1,450 patients were included in the final analysis. The results of the meta-analysis showed that compared with conventional therapy alone, conventional therapy combined with IVIG had shorter fever clearance time, shorter rash regression time, and shorter clinical cure time. Subgroup analyses showed that the high-dose group (1 g/kg/day) had shorter fever clearance time (p < 0.05), shorter rash regression (p< 0.05), shorter remission time of neurological symptoms (p < 0.05), but longer clinical cure time (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The high-dose group has a better prognosis; however, the advantages and disadvantages should be carefully considered when deciding the doses in the treatment of severe HFMD.

scholarly journals Recombinant Human Thyrotropin-Stimulated Radioiodine Therapy in Patients with Multinodular Goiters: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 841-849
Author(s):  
Chunmei Xu ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Huikai Miao ◽  
Tianyue Xie ◽  
Xiaojun Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Radioiodine Therapy ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Dose Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Recombinant Human Thyrotropin

AbstractA potential reduction of goiter volume (GV) of recombinant human thyrotropin (rhTSH) on multinodular goiters (MNG) was previously reported but controversial. Hence we conducted a meta-analysis to estimate the effect of rhTSH-stimulated radioiodine therapy in patients with MNG. PubMed, Cochrane, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases were searched. Mean difference (MD) and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were derived by using an inverse variance random-effects model and fixed-effects model, respectively. Six studies (n=237) were involved in the analysis. For 12 months follow up, high dose (>0.1 mg) of rhTSH significantly reduced GV (MD=17.61; 95% CI=12.17 to 23.04; p<0.00001) compared with placebo. No effective pooled results of low dose of rhTSH (<0.1 mg) were applicable for only one study included. For 6 months follow up, the source of heterogeneity was determined by subgroup and sensitivity analysis. High dose group showed vast improvement in GV reduction (MD=16.62; 95% CI=1.34 to 31.90; p=0.03). The reduction of low dose group compared with placebo was inferior to high dose group. No available data were obtained to assess the influence of rhTSH after 36 months follow up for the only included study. Hypothyroidism incidence was higher for rhTSH group. No publication bias was seen. High dose of rhTSH treatment-stimulated radioactive 131I therapy after 6 months and 12 months follow up had a better effect in reducing GV, but with higher incidence of hypothyroidism. Owing to the limited methodological quality, more clinical researches are warranted in the future.

Effect of Different Doses of Propofol and Nerve block Combined with General Anesthesia on The Intraoperative Anesthesia and Postoperative Awakening and Cognitive Function in Elderly Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-705
Author(s):  
Jianhui Ma ◽  
Meimei Pang ◽  
Xin Ding ◽  
Shirong Fang ◽  
Lichao Chu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
High Dose Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Different Doses

Objective. To explore the effect of different doses of propofol and nerve block combined with general anesthesia on the intraoperative anesthesia and postoperative awakening and cognitive function in elder patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods. According to the inclusion criteria for research object, we selected 98 elderly patients with knee OA who needed surgery and were admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 for the study. Patients were divided into the low dose group (given 2 mg/kg propofol by pumping under constant speed during surgery) and the high dose group (given 4 mg/kg propofol by pumping during surgery) by the number table method to compare their indicators including the intraoperative anesthesia effect, with 49 cases in each group. Results. No between-group difference was shown in the anesthesia time and postoperative VAS scores, but the awakening time of the low dose group was significantly shorter than that of the high dose group (P<0.05); the differences in heart rate (HR) values at various time points between the two groups were not obvious, but the high dose group obtained significantly higher HR values at T4 than the low dose group; the mean arterial pressure (MAP) values of both groups were significantly reduced at Ti and then returned to the level before anesthesia (P>0.05); the bispectral index scores (BIS) of both groups experienced a marked drop at Ti and then recovered gradually, but failed to return to the level at T0 till the end, and a between-group difference in BIS indexes presented at Ti; the plasma corticosterone (CORT) concentration at Ti of both groups were significantly lowered and then returned to the level at T0, with no between-group difference; and compared with the low dose group, the high dose group achieved slightly lower mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores at 24-72 h after surgery, with no significant difference between them (P>0.05). Conclusion. The therapy of different doses of propofol and nerve block combined with general anesthesia has no significant effect on the cognitive function in elderly knee OA patients after surgery. With the nerve block improving the analgesic effect, a low dose of propofol is good for the postoperative awakening of patients. Different doses of propofol inhibited the stress response to a different degree and produced good anesthesia outcomes in elderly patients, but comparatively speaking, a low-dose propofol ensures more smooth indexes and less effect on the intraoperative hemodynamics.

scholarly journals Are Fluoroquinolones or Macrolides Better for Treating Legionella Pneumonia? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie S Jasper ◽  
Jackson S Musuuza ◽  
Jessica S Tischendorf ◽  
Vanessa W Stevens ◽  
Shantini D Gamage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Legionella Pneumonia ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background The Infectious Diseases Society of America recommends either a fluoroquinolone or a macrolide as a first-line antibiotic treatment for Legionella pneumonia, but it is unclear which antibiotic leads to optimal clinical outcomes. We compared the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone versus macrolide monotherapy in Legionella pneumonia using a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods We conducted a systematic search of literature in PubMed, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to 1 June 2019. Randomized controlled trials and observational studies comparing macrolide with fluoroquinolone monotherapy using clinical outcomes in patients with Legionella pneumonia were included. Twenty-one publications out of an initial 2073 unique records met the selection criteria. Following PRISMA guidelines, 2 reviewers participated in data extraction. The primary outcome was mortality. Secondary outcomes included clinical cure, time to apyrexia, length of hospital stay (LOS), and the occurrence of complications. The review and meta-analysis was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019132901). Results Twenty-one publications with 3525 patients met inclusion criteria. The mean age of the population was 60.9 years and 67.2% were men. The mortality rate for patients treated with fluoroquinolones was 6.9% (104/1512) compared with 7.4% (133/1790) among those treated with macrolides. The pooled odds ratio assessing risk of mortality for patients treated with fluoroquinolones versus macrolides was 0.94 (95% confidence interval, .71–1.25, I2 = 0%, P = .661). Clinical cure, time to apyrexia, LOS, and the occurrence of complications did not differ for patients treated with fluoroquinolones versus macrolides. Conclusions We found no difference in the effectiveness of fluoroquinolones versus macrolides in reducing mortality among patients with Legionella pneumonia.

scholarly journals Effect of Oxytocin on the Body Weight of Male Rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 263-272
Author(s):  
Areej A. Mohammed ◽  
Aisha F. Bonaama ◽  
Souad A. M. Moftah ◽  
Ameerah T. Ramadhan ◽  
Abdulsalam M. A. Bolhaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Time Spent Feeding ◽  
Mean Time ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Food Consumed

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of two different doses of oxytocin on weight. Adult male rabbits (15) were weighed and provided with food twice daily for 3 weeks to determine the amount of food consumed daily and the time spent feeding by each rabbit.  After 3 weeks the rabbits were weighed and divided randomly into 3groups: the control group, the low dose group, and the high dose group. The animals were injected daily for 3 weeks. During that time the amount of food consumed and the time spent feeding in both periods were determined. After the end of the treatment period the rabbits were weighed, and sacrificed. The results of this study showed that before treatment the rabbits consumed more food in the evening period than they did in the afternoon period. The mean time spent feeding in the evening period was slightly higher than that spent in the afternoon period; however, this difference was not statistically significant. After treatment, there was still significant difference between the means of the consumed food in the afternoon and the evening period for the control group. The mean amounts of food consumed in both periods by the treated groups were slightly reduced, but this reduction was not statistically significant. Furthermore, the mean time spent feeding in the evening period was slightly higher than that of the afternoon period for the 3 groups; however, these differences were not significant. The mean weight of the control group was slightly increased after treatment with the hormone; and the mean weights of the treated groups were slightly reduced after treatment. However, changes in body weighs were not statistically significant.

scholarly journals 2225. Are Fluoroquinolones or Macrolides Better for Treating Legionella Pneumonia? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S759-S760
Author(s):  
Annie S Jasper ◽  
Jackson S Musuuza ◽  
Vanessa W Stevens ◽  
Shantini D Gamage ◽  
Nasia Safdar
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The United States ◽  
Legionella Pneumonia ◽  
Standard Mean Difference ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Cure Time ◽  
Secondary Outcomes

Abstract Background Reported cases of Legionella pneumonia continue to rise in the United States; with mortality rates of 9–25%. The Infectious Disease Society of America recommends either a fluoroquinolone or azithromycin as the first-line treatment for legionellosis. While treatment of Legionella pneumonia improves outcome, it is uncertain as to which antibiotic offers optimal clinical outcomes. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the effectiveness of fluoroquinolone vs. macrolide monotherapy in Legionella pneumonia. Methods We conducted a systematic search of literature in multiple databases through April 2019. Studies on patients diagnosed with Legionella pneumonia and treated with either antibiotic of interest were included. Mortality was used as the primary outcome to compare fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Secondary outcomes were clinical cure, time to apyrexia, length of hospital stay (LOS), and the occurrence of complications. We estimated pooled odd ratios to compare the odds of death, clinical cure, and complications. The standard mean difference was estimated for LOS and time to apyrexia. We used a random-effects model and estimated heterogeneity using the I2 statistic. We also analyzed the risk of mortality by setting, i.e., intensive care unit (ICU) vs. non-ICU studies. Results Of the 1,583 abstracts reviewed, 20 studies with a total of 3,656 patients met inclusion criteria. The mean age of the population was 60.9 years and 68.5% were men. The mortality rate for patients treated with fluoroquinolones was 7% (102/1454) and 7.7% (125/1615) among those treated with macrolides. The overall pooled odds ratio (OR) assessing mortality risk for patients treated with fluoroquinolones vs. macrolides was 0.95 (95% CI 0.71–1.27, I2 = 0%, p = 0.54). Odds ratios for subgroup analyses were: ICU studies (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 0.18–9.08, I2 = 45%, p = 0.158); non-ICU studies (OR = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.71–1.32, I2 = 0%, p = 0.616) (figure). Clinical cure, time to apyrexia, LOS, and the occurrence of complications did not differ between fluoroquinolones and macrolides. Conclusion Fluoroquinolones and macrolides were found to have similar effectiveness in treatment of Legionella pneumonia for mortality outcomes. However, insufficient data for secondary outcomes was a limitation of this analysis. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Improving the Efficacy of Conventional Therapy by Adding Andrographolide Sulfonate in the Treatment of Severe Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiuhui Li ◽  
Chi Zhang ◽  
Qingsheng Shi ◽  
Tong Yang ◽  
Qingxiong Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Conventional Therapy ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Major Complications ◽  
Fever Clearance Time ◽  
Foot And Mouth

Background. Herb-derived compound andrographolide sulfonate (called Xiyanping injection) recommended control measure for severe hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) by the Ministry of Health (China) during the 2010 epidemic. However, there is a lack of good quality evidence directly comparing the efficacy of Andrographolide Sulfonate combination therapy with conventional therapy.Methods. 230 patients were randomly assigned to 7–10 days of Andrographolide Sulfonate 5–10 mg/Kg/day and conventional therapy, or conventional therapy alone.Results. The major complications occurred less often after Andrographolide Sulfonate (2.6% versus 12.1%; risk difference [RD], 0.94; 95% CI, 0.28–1.61;P=0.006). Median fever clearance times were 96 hours (CI, 80 to 126) for conventional therapy recipients and 48 hours (CI, 36 to 54) for Andrographolide Sulfonate combination-treated patients (χ2=16.57,P<0.001). The two groups did not differ in terms of HFMD-cause mortality (P=1.00) and duration of hospitalization (P=0.70). There was one death in conventional therapy group. No important adverse event was found in Andrographolide Sulfonate combination therapy group.Conclusions. The addition of Andrographolide Sulfonate to conventional therapy reduced the occurrence of major complications, fever clearance time, and the healing time of typical skin or oral mucosa lesions in children with severe HFMD.

Use of laparoscopic intrauterine insemination associated with a simplified superovulation treatment for in vivo embryo production in sheep: a preliminary report

2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
pp. 1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Forcada ◽  
L. Sánchez-Prieto ◽  
A. Casao ◽  
I. Palacín ◽  
J. A. Cebrián-Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Embryo Recovery ◽  
Uterine Flushing ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Significant Superiority

This study evaluated the reproductive performance of sheep that were subjected to superovulatory treatment and intrauterine insemination with two different doses of semen. The main objective was to determine whether intrauterine insemination is associated with higher rates of embryo recovery than existing procedures. In the first experiment 30 Ojalada de Soria ewes were used at the end of their productive life and nine younger ewes of the same breed were used in Experiment 2. Synchronisation of oestrus was conducted with intravaginal sponges and the superovulation treatment consisted of an intramuscular injection of 210 IU pFSH and 500 IU eCG administered 24 h before sponge removal. After 48 h of sponge withdrawal, ewes were inseminated by laparoscopy. They were divided into two groups: low dose group (LD, 25 × 106 sperm; n = 14 Expt 1 and n = 5 Expt 2) and high dose group (HD, 100 × 106 sperm; n = 14 Expt 1 and n = 4 Expt 2). Embryos were recovered 7 days after the onset of oestrus by laparotomy and uterine flushing. Two blood samples were collected in order to analyse cortisol, at sponge insertion and the day the embryos were recovered. The same protocol was repeated twice in Experiment 1, with an interval of 2 months between two consecutive treatments. Results show a significant effect of the number of recovery on ovulation rate (21.7 ± 2.2 v. 11.8 ± 1.1 corpora lutea for first and second recoveries, respectively), and number of structures recovered (11.4 ± 1.6 v. 5.2 ± 1.1, P < 0.01). Differences of embryo performance in the second recovery compared with the first one were more evident in the LD group compared with the HD group. In Experiment 2, results reflected a significant superiority of the HD group compared with the LD group, especially rate of fertilisation, which was 25% higher. Sheep producing non-fertilised embryos had higher cortisol levels at the time of flushing than those with embryos (P < 0.01). It is concluded that the use of simplified and consecutive superovulatory treatments associated with intrauterine insemination is a potential means of obtaining embryos, although the response seems to depend on donor sheep age. The use of a higher number of sperm cells per millilitre results in better outcomes in terms of embryos produced.

scholarly journals Study on the efficacy of ceftriaxone versus azithromycin for the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever among the patients admitted in a tertiary level hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sougata Mitra ◽  
Masuma Khanam ◽  
M. Iqbal Hossain ◽  
Rukhsana Quadir
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Clinical Cure ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Fever Clearance Time ◽  
Culture Positive

Background: Typhoid fever is a severe debilitating and potentially life threating illness. In Bangladesh, typhoid fever is a round the year problem which sometimes take epidemic proportions. The reasons behind such occurrences are unsafe water supply, defective sewage system and unhygienic food handling practice. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of ceftriaxone and azithromycin in the treatment of uncomplicated enteric fever.Methods: An observational study was conducted at the department of pharmacology in Dhaka medical college, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Data were collected from blood culture positive patients for Salmonella typhi and Salmonella paratyphi, who admitted in the Dhaka medical college and hospital, Dhaka during the period of July 2015 to June 2016. Data was collected by using a structured questioner, face to face interview, physical examination and investigation reports. Patients were hospitalized during the entire treatment period and at admission evaluation was made by history and physical examination in a structured format. Subjects ware asked regarding changes in symptoms and possible adverse effects of the study drugs. All patients were asked to return two weeks after completion of treatment for follow up. Blood culture of Salmonella typhi or Salmonella paratyphi were done in all cases. Total 91 patients were culture positive for either S. typhi or S. paratyphi which were finally studied.Results: During the study period out of 91 patients, 51 were receiving ceftriaxone and 40 were receiving azithromycin. Clinical cure was achieved in 46 patients (90%) of ceftriaxone group and in 31 patients (78%) in the azithromycin group. There were no significant differences of clinical cure between both treatment groups (p>0.05). Mean fever clearance time in ceftriaxone group was 3±1.4 days and was 4±1.6 days for azithromycin group. Difference in fever clearance time was statistically significant (p<0.05). No clinical relapses were detected in any study subject. No major side effects of both drugs occurred in any subject.Conclusions: These results indicated that both ceftriaxone and azithromycin were effective against enteric fever caused by sensitive organisms and multi drug resistant S. typhi and S. paratyphi. It is concluded that ceftriaxone is more effective and can be a convenient alternative for the treatment of enteric fever, especially in developing countries like us where medical resources are scarce.

scholarly journals Different Dose Regimens of Intravenous Tranexamic Acid in Adolescent Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Zhencheng Xiong ◽  
Kexin Wu ◽  
Jiayu Zhang ◽  
Delong Leng ◽  
Ziyi Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Transfusion ◽  
Blood Loss ◽  
Tranexamic Acid ◽  
Spinal Deformity ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Operative Time ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Spinal Deformity Surgery

Objective. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of different dose regimens of intravenous (IV) tranexamic acid (TXA) in adolescent spinal deformity surgery. Methods. Two researchers independently searched multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science to find studies that met the inclusion criteria. A meta-analysis was performed based on the guidelines of the Cochrane Reviewer’s Handbook. Results. Six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and eleven non-RCTs were identified, including 1148 patients. According to different dose regimens of IV TXA, the included studies were divided into the high-dose group and the low-dose group. Compared with placebo, both groups had less total blood loss (TBL) (high dose: WMD = − 1737.55 , 95% CI: (-2247.16, -1227.94), P < 0.001 , I 2 = 0 % ; low dose: WMD = − 528.67 , 95% CI: (-666.06, -391.28), P < 0.001 , I 2 = 0 % ), intraoperative blood loss (IBL) (high dose: WMD = − 301.48 , 95% CI: (-524.3, -78.66), P = 0.008 , I 2 = 60.3 % ; low dose: WMD = − 751.14 , 95% CI: (-967.21, -535.08), P < 0.001 , I 2 = 0 % ), and blood transfusion rates (high dose: RR = 0.19 , 95% CI: (0.1, 0.37), P < 0.001 , I 2 = 0 % ; low dose: RR = 0.4 , 95% CI: (0.18, 0.91), P = 0.029 , I 2 = 57 % ). High-dose IV TXA use was associated with more vertebral fusion segments ( WMD = 0.53 , 95% CI: (0.23, 0.82), P < 0.001 , I 2 = 31.2 % ). Low-dose IV TXA use was associated with shorter operative time ( WMD = − 18.43 , 95% CI: (-26.68, -10.17), P < 0.001 , I 2 = 0 % ). Conclusion. High-dose and low-dose IV TXA were effective in reducing TBL, IBL, and blood transfusion rates without increasing complications in adolescent patients undergoing spinal deformity surgery. Low-dose IV TXA was effective in reducing the operative time. Both the high-dose and low-dose groups had similar preoperative and postoperative Hb levels compared to the control group.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Artemisinin Derivatives Comparison with Quinine in Paediatric Population for Treatment of Severe Malaria: A Meta-Analysis Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeetu Gangil ◽  
Bhaswat S. Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Severe Malaria ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Treatment Guideline ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Malaria Treatment ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Clearance Time ◽  
Artemisinin Derivatives ◽  
Fever Clearance Time

Artemisinin and its derivatives such as artesunate, arteether and artemether are the primary and effective treatment of choice as per WHO malaria treatment guideline for the treatment of severe malaria although various endemic countries are using quinine for the treatment of severe malaria. The objective of this meta- analysis was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of artemisinin and its derivatives compared with quinine as parenteral antimalarial therapy for treating severe malaria in children. From the year 1990 to the year 2015, studies were identified using database searches, citation searches of selected articles. The electronic databases searched engines: Pubmed, Web of Science, Global Health, Medline and Cochrane review of Journals up to April 2015. We selected published randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) information comparing artemisinin derivatives with quinine and route of administration was either intravenous or intramuscular for treatment of severe malaria in paediatric population as per WHO malaria treatment guideline, any gender, age group up to 15 years of children who were diagnosed with confirmed malaria by RDT or slide test. The primary outcome was efficacy in terms of parasite clearance time (PCT) and fever clearance time (FCT) in paediatrics population. The secondary outcome was the mortality, coma resolution time (CRT) and neurological sequelae at the time of discharge in the paediatric population. We assessed identified articles on the basis of clinical trial eligibility, the risk of bias and extracted data as per objective of this research for the desired outcomes.

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