scholarly journals Особливості структурної характеристики пародонта щурів при експериментальному пародонтиті

Author(s):  
В. Р. Мачоган

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ СТРУКТУРНОЇ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПАРОДОНТА ЩУРІВ ПРИ ЕКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМУ ПАРОДОНТИТІ - Дані комплексні гістологічні дослідження показали, що при експериментальному ураженні пародонта щурів відмічалися структурно-функціональні зміни, які характеризувалися переважним ураженням м’яких тканин пародонта, в основі яких лежить запальний, а в подальшому - запально-дистрофічний процес, що поширювався з ясен на прилеглі тканини пародонта. Тобто запропонована експериментальна модель відтворювала запальні зміни в паро- донті, які відбуваються при пародонтиті. Так, на 8-му добу експерименту в тканинах пародонта визначалися зміни, що характеризувалися порушенням цілості зубоепітеліального з’єднання та утворенням пародонтальної кишені. При цьому, значні зміни відбувалися в мікроциркуляторному руслі тканин пародонта та проявлялися у вигляді розширення та артеріального повнокров’я капілярів, інфільтрацією периваскулярної сполучної тканини поодинокими плазматичними клітинами та розширенням міжендо- теліальних просторів з виходом серозного чи серозно-геморагічного ексудату. В сполучній тканині визначалися вогнищеві інфільтрати з переважанням поліморфноядерних клітинних елементів. Дегенеративні зміни відбувалися з боку волокнистих структур та проявлялися у вигляді дезорганізації та потовщення колагенових волокон і зменшення кількості міжклітинної речовини.<br />ОСОБЕННОСТИ СТРУКТУРНОЙ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ПАРОДОНТА КРЫС ПРИ ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНОМ ПАРОДОНТИТЕ - Данные комплексные гистологические исследования показали, что при экспериментальном поражении пародонта крыс отмечались структурно-функциональные изменения, которые характеризовались преимущественным поражением мягких тканей пародонта, в основе которых лежит воспалительный, а в дальнейшем - воспалительно-дистрофический процесс, который распространялся из десен на прилегающие ткани пародонта. Тоесть предложенная экспериментальная модель воспроизводила воспалительные изменения в пародонте, которые происходят при пародонтите. Так, на 8-е сутки эксперимента в тканях пародонта определялись изменения, которые характеризовались нарушением целости зубоэпителиального соединения и образованием пародонтально- го кармана. При этом, значительные изменения происходили в микроциркуляторном русле тканей пародонта и проявлялись в виде расширения и артериального полнокровие капилляров, инфильтрацией периваскулярной соединительной ткани единичными плазматическими клетками и расширением междуэндотелиальных пространств с выходом серозного или серозно-геморрагического экссудата. В соединительной ткани определялись очаговые инфильтраты с преобладанием полиморфноядерных клеточных элементов. Дегенеративные изменения происходили со стороны волокнистых структур и проявлялись в виде дезорганизации и утолщенния коллагеновых волокон и уменьшения количества межклеточного вещества.<br />PECULIARITIES OF STRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PARODONTIUM RATS WITH EXPERIMENTAL PERIODONTITIS - Data complex histological studies have shown that parodontium lesions in experimental rats were observed structural and functional changes, which were characterized by a primary lesion of parodontium soft tissues, which are based on the inflammatory and later - inflammatory and dystrophic process, which spread from the gums to the adjacent parodontium tissues. That is, the proposed experimental model reproduced the inflammatory changes in the parodontium, which occur in periodontitis. So, on the 8th day of the experiment in parodontium tissues were determined by the changes that were characterized by violation of the integrity tooth-epithelial compounds and the formation of periodontal pockets. In this case, significant changes have occurred in the microvasculature of the tiss parodontium ues and is manifested<br />in the form of expansion and blood congestion of the capillaries, infiltration of perivascular connective tissue isolated plasma cells and expansion between endothelial spaces with access serous or serohemorrhagic exudate. In the connective tissue were determined patchy infiltrates with a predominance of polymorphonuclear cell elements. Degenerative changes were on hand fibrous structures and manifest in the form of disorganization and thickened collagen fibers and reduce the number of intercellular substance.<br />Ключові слова: експериментальний пародонтит, щури, тканини пародонта, гістологічні дослідження, морфометрія.<br />Ключевые слова: экспериментальный пародонтит, крысы, ткани пародонта, гистологические исследования, морфометрия.<br />Key words: experimental periodontitis, rats, parodontium tissues, histological studies, morphometry.

Author(s):  
E. M. Timanin ◽  
N. S. Sydneva ◽  
A. A. Zakharova

Introduction. To date there is a lack of studies dedicated to the objectification of the palpation data obtained by a specialist during the osteopathic examination. The issue of the evidence of the results of osteopathic correction still remains important. Search for instrumental methods allowing to register and to measure various palpation phenomena and manifestations of somatic dysfunctions is very relevant for the development of osteopathy as a science. It is also very important to find objective characteristics of these methods.Goal of research — to study viscoelastic characteristics of the soft tissues of the lower legs by palpation and instrumental methods before and after osteopathic correction.Materials and methods. 22 volunteers (12 women and 10 men) aged 18–23 years without complaints of the musculoskeletal system were examined. Osteopathic diagnostics and measurement of the viscoelastic properties of muscles were carried out by the method of vibration viscoelastometry before and after osteopathic correction.Results. Correlation analysis by Spearman showed that the subjective assessment of an osteopath positively correlated with both elasticity (r=0,43, p<0,05) and viscosity of soft issues (r=0,29, p<0,05). For the gastrocnemius muscle, this pattern was even more pronounced — for elasticity r=0,51, p<0,05, for viscosity =0,34, p<0,05. After osteopathic correction no changes in the elasticity of the soft tissues were observed. The viscosity of the tissues reduced, but in the projection of the gastrocnemius muscle, these changes were not statistically significant (p=0,12), whereas in the projection of the soleus muscle statistically significant changes (p=0,034) were observed.Conclusion. Changes in the viscoelastic properties of tissues demonstrated that the effects of osteopathic correction with the use of myofascial mobilization techniques, articulation mobilization techniques, and lymphatic drainage techniques were not obvious. The elasticity of soft tissues of the lower legs did not change, while the viscosity decreased, especially in the projection of the soleus muscles. This effect of the osteopathic correction can be associated with the effect of thixotropy — the transformation of gel-like intercellular substance into sol. Thus, the research showed that vibration viscoelastometry can be used for the objectifi cation of the condition of soft tissues and of the effects of osteopathic correction.


Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Giovanna Iezzi ◽  
Francesca Di Lillo ◽  
Michele Furlani ◽  
Marco Degidi ◽  
Adriano Piattelli ◽  
...  

Symmetric and well-organized connective tissues around the longitudinal implant axis were hypothesized to decrease early bone resorption by reducing inflammatory cell infiltration. Previous studies that referred to the connective tissue around implant and abutments were based on two-dimensional investigations; however, only advanced three-dimensional characterizations could evidence the organization of connective tissue microarchitecture in the attempt of finding new strategies to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration. We retrieved three implants with a cone morse implant–abutment connection from patients; they were investigated by high-resolution X-ray phase-contrast microtomography, cross-linking the obtained information with histologic results. We observed transverse and longitudinal orientated collagen bundles intertwining with each other. In the longitudinal planes, it was observed that the closer the fiber bundles were to the implant, the more symmetric and regular their course was. The transverse bundles of collagen fibers were observed as semicircular, intersecting in the lamina propria of the mucosa and ending in the oral epithelium. No collagen fibers were found radial to the implant surface. This intertwining three-dimensional pattern seems to favor the stabilization of the soft tissues around the implants, preventing inflammatory cell apical migration and, consequently, preventing bone resorption and implant failure. This fact, according to the authors’ best knowledge, has never been reported in the literature and might be due to the physical forces acting on fibroblasts and on the collagen produced by the fibroblasts themselves, in areas close to the implant and to the symmetric geometry of the implant itself.


2008 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Maria Minarelli Gaspar ◽  
Sybele Saska ◽  
R. García Carrodeguas ◽  
A.H. De Aza ◽  
P. Pena ◽  
...  

The biological response following subcutaneous and bone implantation of β-wollastonite(β-W)-doped α-tricalcium phosphate bioceramics in rats was evaluated. Tested materials were: tricalcium phosphate (TCP), consisting of a mixture of α- and β-polymorphs; TCP doped with 5 wt. % of β-W (TCP5W), composed of α-TCP as only crystalline phase; and TCP doped with 15 wt. % of β-W (TCP15), containing crystalline α-TCP and β-W. Cylinders of 2x1 mm were implanted in tibiae and backs of adult male Rattus norvegicus, Holtzman rats. After 7, 30 and 120 days, animals were sacrificed and the tissue blocks containing the implants were excised, fixed and processed for histological examination. TCP, TCP5W and TCP15W implants were biocompatible but neither bioactive nor biodegradable in rat subcutaneous tissue. They were not osteoinductive in connective tissue either. However, in rat bone tissue β-W-doped α-TCP implants (TCP5W and TCP15W) were bioactive, biodegradable and osteoconductive. The rates of biodegradation and new bone formation observed for TCP5W and TCP15W implants in rat bone tissue were greater than for non-doped TCP.


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-157
Author(s):  
R. R. Farkhshatova ◽  
L. P. Gerasimova ◽  
I. T. Yunusov

Relevance. It is currently relevant to study and compare the effectiveness of the autologous connective tissue grafts and the combination of collagen-based and autologous platelet-rich plasma in the surgical treatment of Miller Class I gingival recessions.Materials and methods. We examined and treated 48 (20 male (41.67%) and 28 female (58.33%)) patients aged from 25 to 40 years with Miller Class I gingival recessions. All gingival recessions were treated surgically using a modified twolayer tunnel technique. The patients were divided into two groups according to the graft type. Group I (24 patients (50%) had a connective tissue graft from the hard palate. Group II (24 patients (50%) used the combination of the autologous platelet-rich plasma and 3D collagen matrix Fibromatrix for the regeneration of oral soft tissues. We removed the sutures on the 14th day. The patients were followed up on the 7th and 14th days and in 1.3 months.Results. 48 Miller Class I gingival recessions were treated between 2018 and 2020. The depth of gingival recessions averaged 3.5 ± 1.13 mm before treatment. The level of the attached keratinized gingiva regarding the cementoenamel junction significantly (p < 0.001) improved in both groups after the surgery. The width and thickness of the keratinized gingiva best increased in group II. The mean effectiveness of gingival recession treatment was 84% in study group I and 96% – in study group II. Pain syndrome, fibrinous plaque and soft tissue edema were insignificant in group II.Conclusion. The combination of the autologous platelet-rich plasma and Fibromatrix, collagen 3D matrix, for the regeneration of the oral soft tissues is a more effective technique for the treatment of Miller Class I gingival recessions. This technique has several advantages. It is minimally invasive, less painful, soft tissue postoperative swelling is less and the received volume of the attached keratinized gums is larger than with a connective tissue graft. 


1988 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 546-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Etsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Michitaka Iwanaga ◽  
Manabu Fukumoto

We examined conditions of the micro-sliced homograft cartilages implanted in the middle ear, implanted cartilages removed at revision surgery or implanted cartilages removed at the second stage of staged tympanoplasty, both macroscopically and histologically. Macroscopically, the appearance and shape of the cartilages remained unchanged, with no evidence of erosion. There was no evidence of any foreign body reaction or rejection phenomenon. In general, no marked histologic changes of the matrix tissues were found, although chondrocytes showed degenerative changes. There was partial absorption of cartilage and replacement by fibrous connective tissue when inflammatory changes occurred in the middle ear. It is concluded that implanted homograft cartilage maintains its stiffness for more than 6 months in a healthy, aerated middle ear and appears to be clinically useful for tympanoplasty.


2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 246-261
Author(s):  
V. O. Poliyasnyi ◽  
L. S. Kupriianova

The following article presents results of the complex research on postulation of immunohistochemical features of the ovaries’ structure in case of fetuses with a gestational term of 21-28 weeks from mothers with HILGT comparing to ones in case of fetuses from mothers with a physiological pregnancy. The materials of the research are: 25 fetuses from mothers with HILGT as well as 25 fetuses from mothers with physiological pregnancy. All fetuses had died antenatally and inranatally, as a result of violation of uteroplacental and umbilical-uterine circulation. Research methods: macroscopic, organometric, histological, immunohistochemical, morphometric, statistical. The organometric method revealed a clear decrease of main indexes of the fetuses’ ovaries from mothers with a complicated pregnancy comparing to ones in case of organs of fetuses from healthy mothers. Morphometric method revealed a clear decrease of a relative volume of cortical substance as well as a clear increase of a relative volume of brain substance in the gonads of fetuses from the main group; as well as it showed a clear decrease of an index of follicular tissue’ relative volume, likewise a clear increase of an index of interstitial component relative volume.The staining by picrofuxin by van Gieson method revealed a massive growth of the connective tissue in all strucutral components of organs of fetuses from mothers with HILGT relatively to gonads of fetuses from healthy mothers. Using of MCAT to main types of collagens allowed to reveal a violation of maturation of main types of collagens in the structure of connective tissue of fetal gonads in the main group. In the follicular component of the fetuses’ ovaries in the main group are appearing mature, cystic-artretic and growing forms of follicles. Immunohistochemical method revealed an increased number of an apoptotically altered eggs in the ovaries of fetuses from mothers with HILGT comparing to one in organs of fetuses from mothers with physiological pregnancy.  The peroxidase method revealed an increased endotheline-producing activity of the vascular component as arterial, like a venous type; likewise a clear decrease of the hormone-producing activity in the ovaries of fetuses from mothers with HILGT comparing to such indexes in fetal organs of fetuses from mothers with physiological pregnancy. The complex of changes in the ovaries of fetuses with a 21-28 weeks of gestational term, which was described, was formed under the influence of the chronic hypoxia, prolonged antigenic stimulation as well as hormonal violations in the mother-placenta-fetus system, which is a leading link of the infectious pathology’ pathogenesis. The aforementioned complex of the structural and functional changes in the ovaries of fetuses from mothers with HILGT in a gestational term of 21-28 weeks indicates violations in implementation and formation of the fetal gonads, as well as it could further lead to disorders of the germinal function in the female organism.


1937 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 938-938

The material of the authors consists of 5 cases of gonorrhea that died from accidental causes, 1 case of amputation and 3 cases. extirpation of the paraurethral course. Conclusions: the gonorrhea process is played out in the epithelium and connective tissue of the genitourinary tract and has an exudative-proliferative character. The inflammatory infiltrate consists of lymphoid cells, plasma cells, leukocytes, and eosinophils. The squamous epithelium is not an obstacle to the penetration of infection this is clearly seen when studying the process in the paraurethral passages. The penetrated deep into the gonococcus are phagocytosed by lecocytes in the surface layers of the submucosa. Metaplasia of columnar epithelium in squamous and transitional, can be in any part of the genitourinary tract and can be detected before the onset of gonorrhea. Litreitis is not necessary for gonorrhea. Prostatitis can be without vesiculitis.


2017 ◽  
Vol 138 (4) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Daniel Kün-Darbois ◽  
Léonie Quenel ◽  
Smaïl Badja ◽  
Daniel Chappard

Objectives: Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by the occurrence of osteolytic lesions. MM treatment usually involves antiresorptive drugs (mainly bisphosphonates). Case Report: A patient with an MM presented osteolytic lesions of the mandible. Extraction of teeth 45 and 46 was performed 5 years after the diagnosis of periodontitis. Four months later, osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ) was diagnosed at the extraction site. X-ray showed an extension of osteolytic lesions on the right side, close to the extraction site, without modification of the lesions on the left side. Two months later, a curettage was performed because of a painful bone sequestration. X-ray showed an extension of the osteolytic lesions on the right side. Results: Histological analysis found a vascularized plasmacytoma of the soft tissues around the ONJ. Analysis of the bone showed mixed lesions with osteonecrotic areas and living bone resorbed by active osteoclasts surrounding a plasmacytoma. The surface area of the osteolytic foci has considerably increased only close to the extraction site. Conclusions: Tooth extraction triggered an ONJ associated with bisphosphonate treatment. However, it also seemed to induce a considerable proliferation of plasma cells at the extraction site; we hypothesize that it is due to the increase in bone remodeling related to the surgical trauma.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Prarthna V. Bhardwaj ◽  
Shrinkhala Khanna ◽  
Majd D. Jawad ◽  
Syed S. Ali

Extramedullary myeloma, defined by presence of plasma cells outside the bone marrow, is a rare entity accounting for about 3–9% of all cases. It usually is aggressive with a median survival of <6 months. It is also associated with adverse prognostic factors including 17p deletions and high-risk gene profiles. While common extramedullary sites include bones, there have been several case reports of hematogenous extramedullary myeloma to the liver, lungs, pancreas, breast, skin, and soft tissues. Extramedullary myeloma to the mesentery is a rare entity with only a handful of cases reported. We present a case of 69-year-old man presenting with relapse of multiple myeloma to the mesentery, resulting in bowel obstruction to highlight the various presentations of myeloma.


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