Accuracy and Reproducibility of Radiographic Images for Assessing Crestal Bone Height of Implants Using the Precision Implant X-ray Locator (PIXRL) Device

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 830-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Malloy ◽  
Chandur Wadhwani ◽  
Bradley McAllister ◽  
Mansen Wang ◽  
James Katancik
Keyword(s):  
Radiographic Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bone Height

Visualizing Fluid Flows With X-Rays

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodore J. Heindel ◽  
Terrence C. Jensen ◽  
Joseph N. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Flow Visualization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fluid Flows ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Optical Access ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Density Map

There are several methods available to visualize fluid flows when one has optical access. However, when optical access is limited to near the boundaries or not available at all, alternative visualization methods are required. This paper will describe flow visualization using an X-ray system that is capable of digital X-ray radiography, digital X-ray stereography, and digital X-ray computed tomography (CT). The unique X-ray flow visualization facility will be briefly described, and then flow visualization of various systems will be shown. Radiographs provide a two-dimensional density map of a three dimensional process or object. Radiographic images of various multiphase flows will be presented. When two X-ray sources and detectors simultaneously acquire images of the same process or object from different orientations, stereographic imaging can be completed; this type of imaging will be demonstrated by trickling water through packed columns and by absorbing water in a porous medium. Finally, local time-averaged phase distributions can be determined from X-ray computed tomography (CT) imaging, and this will be shown by comparing CT images from two different gas-liquid sparged columns.

scholarly journals Diagnosis of secondary caries in esthetic restorations: influence of the incidence vertical angle of the X-ray beam

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Lima Moreira ◽  
Michel Reis Messora ◽  
Stela Márcia Pereira ◽  
Solange Maria de Almeida ◽  
Adriana Dibo da Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Vertical Angle ◽  
Human Teeth ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy on the diagnosis of secondary caries-like lesions simulated on esthetic restorations of different materials, changing the incidence vertical angle (IVA) of the x-ray beam. Twenty human teeth received MOD inlay preparations. In the experimental group (n=10), a round cavity was made in the floor of the proximal box to simulate the caries-like lesion. All teeth were restored with 3 composite resins (Charisma, Filtek-Z250 and TPH-Spectrum) at 3 moments. Two radiographic images were acquired with 0º and 10º IVA. Ten observers evaluated the images using a 5-point confidence scale. Intra- and interobserver reliability was analyzed with the Interclass Correlation Coefficient and the diagnostic accuracy was evaluated using the area under the ROC curve (Az), Friedman test and Wilcoxon test (α=0.05). Higher accuracy values were obtained with 10º IVA (Az=0.66, Filtek-Z250>Az=0.56, TPH-Spectrum) compared to 0º (Az=0.55, Charisma>Az=0.37, TPH-Spectrum), though without statistically significant difference (p>0.05). The detection of secondary caries-like lesions simulated on esthetic restorations of different materials suffered no negative influence by changing the IVA of the x-ray beam.

scholarly journals Imaging Performance of a Multimodal Module to Enhance Preclinical Irradiator Capabilities

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Sophie Pinel ◽  
Joël Daouk ◽  
Justine Jubréaux ◽  
Alicia Chateau ◽  
Hervé Schohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Image Guided Radiotherapy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Imaging Performance ◽  
Image Homogeneity

This article highlights the performance measurements of an optical device which aims at upgrading preclinical irradiators. The evaluated device allows acquiring X-ray as well as bioluminescence images with a single sensor. The latter consists of a supercooled camera equipped with a 1024x1024 charge coupling device (each element measuring 13x13µm²). X-ray imaging is feasible, thanks to a conversion phosphor screen. Phantom acquisitions revealed a spatial resolution of 2.5 line pairs per millimetre (0.2mm) for Xray imaging and between 0.4 and 0.7mm for bioluminescence images. Image homogeneity was 0.8 for radiographic images with preclinical imaging parameters and higher than 0.9 for optical images. For functional imaging, contrast to noise ratio (CNR) ranged from 1.3 (for contrast of 2:1 and 0.1s acquisition) up to 253 (for contrast of 32:1 and 5s acquisition). CNR was related to acquisition duration. The device’s overall performance revealed that it is suitable to upgrade existing irradiators and improve laboratory capabilities toward image-guided radiotherapy.

scholarly journals Radiographic aspects of acute community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and pulmonary tuberculosis in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivo Lova Herilanto Rakotomalala ◽  
Harimino Mireille Rakotondravelo ◽  
Andrianina Harivelo Ranivoson ◽  
Annick Lalaina Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
The Right ◽  
The University ◽  
Tuberculosis In Children

Background: The etiological diagnosis of pneumonia is often difficult because of the impossibility of microbiological confirmation most of the time. Therefore, chest X-ray is still essential for a positive diagnosis and etiological orientation. The main objective of our study was to describe the radiographic aspects of acute community-acquired pneumonia and tubercular pneumonia in children.Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective study conducted at the university hospital mother and child of Tsaralalana from January 1st to July 31st, 2017.Results: Sixty-nine cases of pneumonia were included, including 13 cases of TB pneumonia and 46 cases of acute community-acquired pneumonia. The average age was 36.68 months with a male predominance. Clinically, respiratory functional signs predominated in both cases. Alteration in general condition was mainly observed in tubercular pneumonia (26.08%). Alveolar syndromes were present in 43.47% of TB pneumonias and 36.94% of acute community-acquired pneumonia. With regard to the radiographic images, alveolar involvement was common to both types of pneumonia; the nodular image was present in 8.69% of the tubercular pneumonias and 2.17% of the acute community-acquired pneumonia; the cavity image was present only in the tubercular pneumonia (p=0.04); the right-sided location predominated in both cases.Conclusions: X-ray images were common to both TB pneumonia and acute community-acquired pneumonia; some images were specific to TB pneumonia. However, the etiologic orientation of pneumonia is based on a combination of epidemiologic, clinical, and radiographic evidence.

scholarly journals Parameters based on X-ray images to assess the physical and physiological quality of Leucaena leucocephala seeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Dantas de Medeiros ◽  
Joyce de Oliveira Araújo ◽  
Manuel Jesús Zavala León ◽  
Laércio Junio da Silva ◽  
Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Automated Analysis ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Do So

ABSTRACT Non-destructive and high performance analyses are highly desirable and important for assessing the quality of forest seeds. The aim of this study was to relate parameters obtained from semi-automated analysis of radiographs of Leucaena leucocephala seeds to their physiological potential by means of multivariate analysis. To do so, seeds from five lots collected from parent trees from the region of Viçosa, MG, Brazil, were used. The study was carried out through analysis of radiographic images of seeds, from which the percentage of damaged seeds (predation and fungi), and measurements of area, perimeter, circularity, relative density, and integrated density of the seeds were obtained. After the X-ray test, the seeds were tested for germination in order to assess variables related to seed physiological quality. Multivariate statistics were applied to the data generated, with use of principal component analysis (PCA). X-ray testing allowed visualization of details of the internal structure of seeds and differences regarding density of seed tissues. Semi-automated analysis of radiographic images of Leucaena leucocephala seeds provides information on seed physical characteristics and generates parameters related to seed physiological quality in a simple, fast, and inexpensive manner.

Retrospective correction of near field effect of X-ray source in radiographic images by using genetic algorithms

2010 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1946-1954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Korürek ◽  
Ayhan Yüksel ◽  
Zafer Iscan ◽  
Zümray Dokur ◽  
Tamer Ölmez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithms ◽  
Field Effect ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Near Field Effect

scholarly journals Chest X-ray image classification for viral pneumonia and Сovid-19 using neural networks

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-153
Author(s):  
V.G. Efremtsev ◽  
N.G. Efremtsev ◽  
E.P. Teterin ◽  
P.E. Teterin ◽  
E.S. Bazavluk
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Image Brightness ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Complex Models ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Selection Of

The use of neural networks to detect differences in radiographic images of patients with pneu-monia and COVID-19 is demonstrated. For the optimal selection of resize and neural network ar-chitecture parameters, hyperparameters, and adaptive image brightness adjustment, precision, recall, and f1-score metrics are used. The high values of these metrics of classification quality (> 0.91) strongly indicate a reliable difference between radiographic images of patients with pneumonia and patients with COVID-19, which opens up the possibility of creating a model with good predictive ability without involving ready-to-use complex models and without pre-training on third-party data, which is promising for the development of sensitive and reliable COVID-19 express-diagnostic methods.

scholarly journals Physical and physiological quality of Jatropha curcas L. seeds at different maturity stages using image analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. e0206
Author(s):  
Daniel T. Pinheiro ◽  
André D. Medeiros ◽  
Manuel J. Zavala-León ◽  
Denise C. F. S. Dias ◽  
Laércio J. Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Radiographic Images ◽  
Seed Filling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tissue Integrity ◽  
Maturity Stages ◽  
Physiological Quality

Aim of study: To assess the potential of automated X-ray image analysis to evaluate the physical characteristics of Jatropha curcas seeds, and to relate the parameters obtained with the physiological quality of the seeds harvested at different maturity stages.Area of study: Experimental area of Agronomy Department, Federal University of Viçosa (UFV), Brazil.Material and methods: The fruits were harvested from 20 plants, based on the external skin color (green, yellow, brownish-yellow and brown). The study was performed by automated and visual analysis of radiographic images of the seeds, in which measurements of tissue integrity, density and seed filling were performed. Seed dry matter, germination and seedling growth were also analysed.Main results: Variables obtained through automated analysis of radiographic images correlated significantly with all physiological variables (r > 0.9), as well as visual image evaluations (r > 0.75). The seeds extracted from green fruits presented lower tissue integrity and lower physiological quality. Radiographic analysis was efficient for monitoring J. curcas seed quality at different maturity stages. Morpho-anatomical parameters obtained from X-ray analysis were highly correlated with seed physiological attributes.Research highlights: It is important to develop and improve methodologies based on lower-cost techniques, such as X-ray analysis. In this context, we verified that X-ray images can be used for monitoring J. curcas seed filling and maturation. Radiographic images of seeds can be analyzed automatically with ImageJ software. Internal morphology and physical characteristics of seeds have relationship with their physiological quality.

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