scholarly journals Enriched Marine Oil Supplements Increase Peripheral Blood Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators Concentrations and Reprogram Host Immune Responses

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia R. Souza ◽  
Raquel M. Marques ◽  
Esteban A. Gomez ◽  
Romain A. Colas ◽  
Roberta De Matteis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Marine Oil ◽  
Protective Actions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent

Rationale: Specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPM—lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins) are produced via the enzymatic conversion of essential fatty acids, including the omega-3 fatty acids docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 docosapentaenoic acid. These mediators exert potent leukocyte directed actions and control vascular inflammation. Supplementation of animals and humans with essential fatty acids, in particular omega-3 fatty acids, exerts protective actions reducing vascular and systemic inflammation. Of note, the mechanism(s) activated by these supplements in exerting their protective actions remain poorly understood. Objective: Given that essential fatty acids are precursors in the biosynthesises of SPM, the aim of the present study was to establish the relationship between supplementation and peripheral SPM concentrations. We also investigated the relationship between changes in plasma SPM concentrations and peripheral blood platelet and leukocyte responses. Methods and Results: Healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover study, and peripheral blood was collected at baseline, 2, 4, 6, and 24 hours post administration of placebo or one of 3 doses of an enriched marine oil supplement. Assessment of plasma SPM concentrations using lipid mediator profiling demonstrated a time- and dose-dependent increase in peripheral blood SPM concentration. Supplementation also led to a regulation of peripheral blood cell responses. Here we found a dose-dependent increase in neutrophil and monocyte phagocytosis of bacteria and a decrease in the diurnal activation of leukocytes and platelets, as measured by a reduction in adhesion molecule expression. In addition, transcriptomic analysis of peripheral blood cells demonstrated a marked change in transcript levels of immune and metabolic genes 24 hours post supplementation when compared with placebo. Conclusions: Together, these findings demonstrate that supplementation with an enriched marine oil leads to an increase in peripheral blood SPM concentrations and reprograms peripheral blood cells, indicating a role for SPM in mediating the immune-directed actions of this supplement. Clinical Trial Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT03347006.

The Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids Supplementation on Gene Expression Involved in the Insulin and Lipid Signaling Pathway in Patients with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (06) ◽  
pp. 446-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadijeh Nasri ◽  
Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh ◽  
Esmat Aghadavod ◽  
Mohsen Taghizadeh ◽  
Zatollah Asemi
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Lipid Signaling ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear

AbstractLimited data are available evaluating the effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on gene expression involved in the insulin and lipid-signaling pathway in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on gene expression involved in the insulin and lipid signaling pathway in women with PCOS. This randomized double blind, placebo-controlled trial was done among 60 women aged 18–40 years old and diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam criteria. Participants were randomly assigned into 2 groups to receive either 1 000 mg omega-3 fatty acids from flaxseed oil containing 400 mg α-linolenic acid (n=30) or placebo (n=30) twice a day for 12 weeks. Gene expressions involved in the insulin and lipid-signaling pathway were quantified in blood samples of PCOS women with RT-PCR method. Quantitative results of RT-PCR demonstrated that compared with the placebo, omega-3 fatty acids supplementation upregulated peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) mRNA (p=0.005) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of women with PCOS. In addition, compared to the placebo, omega-3 fatty acids supplementation downregulated expressed levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) mRNA (p=0.002) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of women with PCOS. We did not observe any significant effect of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on expressed levels of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Overall, omega-3 fatty acids supplementation for 12 weeks in PCOS women significantly improved gene expression of PPAR-γ and LDLR.

Safety and efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids in the nutrition of very low birth weight infants: Soy oil and marine oil supplementation of formula

1994 ◽  
Vol 124 (4) ◽  
pp. 612-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Uauy ◽  
Dennis R. Hoffman ◽  
Eileen E. Birch ◽  
David G. Birch ◽  
David M. Jameson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Soy Oil ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Marine Oil

scholarly journals Improving the Cognitive Development of Children in Rural Areas as Development Tool

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Alhassan Hamidu ◽  
Charlisa Afua Brown ◽  
Mary Adjepong
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Intervention ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Alternative Sources ◽  
The Many

Good health is a crucial requirement for every child for proper growth and development. To increase their future prospects the exact nutritional intervention is needed to boost the thinking and self-confidence of children. Adequate levels of omega-3 essential fatty acids are vital for children during pregnancy, breastfeeding, and few years post-weaning. This is not just for their perfect growth but including their cognitive development. Poverty levels continue to be high in rural areas and there are nutritional interventions that can be used to reverse the trends. However, omega-3 fatty acids, known to have a greater impact on brain development are not cheap and available in forms that are accessible by the rural poor. With the many complications attached to a rural lifestyle, little is known about culturally accepted local sources of omega-3 fatty acids. Therefore, alternative sources of nutritional intervention including the provision of eggs enriched with appropriate fatty acids, which are readily available, accessible, cheaper, and culturally accepted should be explored for children.

scholarly journals Phosphorus reduction by sifting fish waste meal

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (10) ◽  
pp. 1841-1844
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Lima de Lima ◽  
Dariane Beatriz Schoffen Enke ◽  
Neiva Braun ◽  
Débora Machado Fracalossi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fish Waste ◽  
Commercial Fish

Fish meal is widely included in animal feed because it contains ideal essential amino acids profile, it is rich in energy, essential fatty acids, vitamins and minerals and with >80% apparent protein digestibility in peneid shrimp. In human nutrition, studies are investigating the inclusion of fish meal in snacks, cakes, breads and cookies, as an enrichment in calcium, phosphorus, iron, protein and, especially, omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids reduces heart diseases and have antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties (eicosapentaenoic acid), and are essential to the formation of brain tissue and retina in infants and are important during pregnancy and lactation (docosahexaenoic acid). Fish meal produced from fish waste is rich in minerals (phosphorus), which may cause eutrophication and impair water quality in aquaculture. The aim of this study was to reduce phosphorus content from commercial fish meal produced from waste by sifting (0.60 - 1.00 - 1.18 - 1.40 - 2.36 and 3.35mm mesh sizes). Fish meal samples were collected monthly for 24 months. Proximate composition of subsamples per mesh size was compared to the unsieved sample. Results indicate that sifting through a 0.60mm sieve total phosphorus and ash contents were reduced up to 32% and 36%, respectively, further to increase protein content up to 20%. Average composition of the subsamples was 47.04% ash, 5.56% of total phosphorus and 39.45% protein, suggesting that the residue of the fractionation may be marketed as a mineral and protein supplement.

scholarly journals Quality Indicators of Snail Meat Grown in Different Conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (3-4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Drago Sando ◽  
Radoslav Grujić ◽  
Bašić Meho ◽  
Kiril Lisickov ◽  
Dragan Vujadinović
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Important Place ◽  
The World

Snail meat is used daily in the human diet. Snails are used in human nutrition daily in some regions of the world. According to measurable attributes of proteins and lipids quality, snails fall into the middle category of this source of nutrients. The paper describes nutritive attributes of snail’s quality from the aspect of macro and micro nutrients. In the composition of essential amino acid leucine and lysine are dominant, and tryptophan is missing. Essential fatty acids are relatively high in snails, especially linolenic and arahidonic acid, but some polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids, such as EPA. Out of mineral material copper, iron and magnesium take an important place. With regard to methods of diet and residence snail meat can be loaded to certain heavy metals, residues of radioactive substances and pesticides. These are reasons to control the snails before processing in order to increase safety of the obtained product.

Beneficial Effects of Omega-3 Supplement to the Enteral Feeding in Children With Mild to Moderate Sepsis

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdul Moety Al-Biltagi ◽  
Ahmed Abd ElBasset Abo-Elezz ◽  
Maher Ahmed Abd-Elhafez ◽  
Maaly Mohamed Mabrouk ◽  
Ghada Abudelmomen Suliman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Enteral Feeding ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Pediatric Intensive Care ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Acute Phase Reactants

Objective: The objective was to investigate the benefits of supplementing enteral feeding with omega-3 fatty acids in children with mild to moderate sepsis and its effects on acute-phase reactants and interleukin 6 (IL-6) level. Methods: The study was a prospective randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study from January 2012 to June 2014, which included 2 groups of children with mild to moderate sepsis tolerating enteral feeding. Group A included 60 children supplemented with omega-3 fatty acids, whereas group B included 60 children who received enteral feeding without omega-3 supplementation. Both groups had complete blood pictures, C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum albumin, and IL-6 before and after 7 days from supplementation. Results: There was a significant improvement in hemoglobin percentage ( P < .0001), total white blood cell (WBC) count ( P < .0001), and platelet count ( P < .0001) and significant decrease in CRP ( P < .0001), ESR ( P < .0001), IL-6 ( P < .0001), and albumin level ( P < .001) in the supplemented group than the nonsupplemented group. The supplemented group also had a significantly shorter duration of stay in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU; P < .01) and decreased death rate than the nonsupplemented group. Conclusion: Children with mild to moderate sepsis showed significant improvement in inflammatory markers and had shorter PICU admission when enteral feeding was supplemented with omega-3 essential fatty acids.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cholesterol Have a Main Role in Antidepression Diet of Iranian Traditional Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mahdi Ahmadian-Attari ◽  
Ahmad Ali Noorbala ◽  
Alireza Khoshdel ◽  
Mohammad Kamalinejad ◽  
Arsia Taghva
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Nutritional Elements ◽  
Iranian Traditional Medicine ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Relationship

Depression is one of the major health problems of our world. Recent studies have revealed the relationship between diet and depression. In Iranian traditional medicine, there is a therapeutic diet that is recommended in melancholic diseases like depression. One of the main components of this diet is meat. Meats are divided into 2 groups: recommended and abstinent. The aim of this study was to clarify the logic of this diet through comparing nutritional elements of the 2 groups with each other. For this purpose, prominent books on Iranian traditional medicine were searched for abstinent and recommended meats traditionally prescribed for depressed patients. The results of each group were compared with the other by using Mann-Whitney Test (SPSS version 16). The results showed that recommended meats contain higher amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids ( P = .01) especially omega-3 ( P = .03). Both groups contain high amounts of cholesterol. Iranian traditional medicine recommends consumption of meats that contains cholesterol with omega-3 fatty acids in depression.

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