scholarly journals Prenatal Testosterone Associates With Blood Pressure in Young Adults

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (5) ◽  
pp. 1756-1764
Author(s):  
Chi Le-Ha ◽  
Lawrence J. Beilin ◽  
Sally Burrows ◽  
Jeffrey A. Keelan ◽  
Martha Hickey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Prenatal Testosterone ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Males And Females

Preclinical evidence suggests that adult blood pressure (BP) may be modified by the prenatal endocrine environment. Specifically, in several animal models, higher prenatal testosterone exposure increases the risk of hypertension in later life. We investigated the prospective association between prenatal testosterone levels (as measured in umbilical cord blood) and BP at 20 to 27 years in 434 participants from the Raine Study. As expected, median bioavailable testosterone, the fraction of total testosterone either free or bound to serum albumin, was higher in males than females (0.12 [Q1–Q3, 0.09–0.19] versus 0.07 [Q1–Q3, 0.05–0.1] nmol/L; P <0.001). Mean (SD) systolic BP was 122.9 (±12.3) and 110.9 (±9.5) mm Hg at age 20 years and 122.4 (±11) and 111.2 (±9.1) mm Hg at 27 years in males and females, respectively. Using hierarchical mixed-effects models, higher cord blood bioavailable testosterone concentrations were associated with higher levels of systolic BP ( P =0.007) and diastolic BP ( P =0.002) in young adults at 20 and 27 years, after adjusting for change in BP over time and potential confounders. In these models, one SD increase in bioavailable testosterone equated to a 1 mm Hg increase in systolic BP (regression coefficient, 11.1 [95% CI, 4.1–21.11]) and diastolic BP (regression coefficient, 10.15 [95% CI, 3.67–15.93]). There was no significant difference detected between males and females in the association between bioavailable testosterone and adult BP. These data from a large unselected population indicate that higher fetal testosterone levels in late pregnancy are associated with higher BP in young adulthood.

scholarly journals The relationship between serum hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, total testosterone) and semen parameters

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Zeynel Keskin ◽  
Salih Budak ◽  
Tuǧba Zeyrek ◽  
Orçun Çelik ◽  
Oguz Mertoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Semen Parameters ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Progressive Motility ◽  
Semen Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of serum gonadotropin and total testosterone levels on semen parameters. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and eighty-two patients that applied to a male infertility polyclinic were included in our study. Serum gonadotropin and total testosterone levels and semen parameters of the patients were analyzed during the first visit to the clinic. The reference FSH value was 1.5-12.4 mIU/mL, that of LH was 1.7-8.6 mIU/mL and the reference value for total testosterone was 249-836 ng/dL. Results: While there was no statistically significant difference between the patients with low gonadotropin levels and the controls regarding any of the semen parameters (p &gt; 0.05), there was a strong statistically significant difference between the patients with high gonadotropin levels and the controls regarding sperm concentration (p = 0.000), total motility (p = 0.000), progressive motility (p = 0.000), and morphology (p = 0.000). There was a strong statistically significant difference between the patients with low testosterone levels and the controls regarding total motility (p = 0.012) and progressive motility (p = 0.010), and a weak statistically significant difference in morphology (p = 0.042). There was no statistically significant difference in semen volume or sperm concentration (p &gt; 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in any of the semen parameters between the patients with high testosterone levels and the controls (p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings especially regarding LH and T levels are not in agreement with previous reports. In this regard, there is a need for larger-scale and randomized trials to resolve this discrepancy.

scholarly journals Total Testosterone Confounds the Association Between Total Bilirubin and Dyslipidemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A302-A302
Author(s):  
Aayush Visaria ◽  
Priyanka Raju ◽  
Joel James ◽  
Sumaiya Islam ◽  
Karen K Khangura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Parameter Estimate ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Males And Females

Abstract Background: The mechanism for the association between total bilirubin (TBili) and dyslipidemia remains unclear. Total testosterone (TT) has been implicated in reducing bilirubin conjugation and decreasing atherogenic lipids. We hypothesized that 1) TBili was inversely associated with dyslipidemia, and 2) TT confounded this association. Methods: Our study population consisted of 5,878 (2,730 male and 3,148 non-pregnant female) adults aged ≥20 years from the 2011–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). We excluded those taking self-reported cholesterol medications. Participants with transaminitis (AST or ALT &gt;45 IU/L; AST/ALT &gt;5), excessive alcohol consumption (&gt;20 drinks/week for males; &gt;10 for females), iron overload (transferrin &gt;50%), or positive hepatitis B/C serology were also excluded. We categorized TBili into sex-specific quartiles (Male: &lt;0.5, 0.5–0.6, 0.6–0.8, ≥0.8 mg/dl; Female: &lt;0.4, 0.4–0.5, 0.5–0.6, ≥0.6). Dyslipidemia was defined as elevated TG (≥150 mg/dl) or low HDL (&lt;40 mg/dl for male; &lt;50 for female). We used survey design-adapted multivariable logistic regression, adjusting for TT, demographics, cardiometabolic factors, and liver function. We also stratified by sex-specific median TT levels (386 ng/dl in males; 18.5 ng/dl in females) to determine effect modification. Further, we determined whether the association between TBili and dyslipidemia persisted in males with TT deficiency (&lt;280 ng/dl). Results: Among the 5,878 adults, 1,013 (38%) males & 958 (30%) females had elevated TG, and 803 (29%) males & 1,146 (33%) females had low HDL. Males in the highest quartile (Q4) of TBili had age-adjusted, mean (SD) 50.1 (3.5) mg/dl lower TG and 4.0 (0.9) mg/dl higher HDL than males in the lowest quartile (Q1; p&lt;0.0001). Females in Q4 had 36.4 (4.9) mg/dl lower TG and 5.1 (1.4) mg/dl higher HDL than Q1 (p&lt;0.0001). Males and females in Q4 had 60% and 59% lower odds, respectively, of elevated TG compared to Q1 (adjusted OR [95% CI]; Male: 0.40 [0.28, 0.57], Female: 0.41 [0.32, 0.52]). Males and females in Q4 had 44% and 39% lower odds, respectively, of low HDL compared to Q1 (Male: 0.56 [0.38, 0.81], Female: 0.61 [0.42, 0.90]). Adjusting for TT increased the parameter estimate for Q4, relative to the univariate estimate, by 21% in both sexes. There was no significant difference in TT-stratified odds of elevated TG or low HDL. Among the 544 (19%) males with TT deficiency, Q4 had 56% lower odds of elevated TG and 46% lower, but insignificant, odds of low HDL (aOR [95% CI]; TG: 0.44 [0.21, 0.89], HDL: 0.54 [0.26, 1.12]). Conclusion: TBili was inversely associated with elevated TG and low HDL. TT confounded, but did not modify, this association. Future studies examining TBili’s antiatherogenic role should adjust for TT.

scholarly journals Do sex hormones confound or mediate the effect of chronotype on breast and prostate cancer? A Mendelian randomization study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryony L Hayes ◽  
Timothy Robinson ◽  
Siddhartha P. Kar ◽  
Katherine S Ruth ◽  
Konstantinos K Tsilidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Prostate Cancer Risk ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone ◽  
Breast And Prostate Cancer

BACKGROUND Previous research has demonstrated that a morning-preference chronotype is protective against both breast and prostate cancer. Sex hormones have been implicated in relation to both chronotype and the development of both cancers. This study aims to assess whether sex hormones confound or mediate the effect of chronotype on breast and prostate cancer risk using a Mendelian Randomization (MR) framework. METHODS We obtained genetic variants strongly (p<5x10-8) associated with chronotype and sex hormones (total testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), and oestradiol from previously published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) that had been undertaken in UK Biobank and 23andMe (n=244,207 females and n=205,527 males). These variants were used to investigate causal relationships with risk of breast and prostate cancer using summary data from the largest available consortia in breast (nCases/nControls=133,384/ 113,789) and prostate cancer (nCases/nControls=79,148/61,106). This was achieved using a series of MR approaches: univariable, bidirectional and multivariable. Results Overall, we found evidence for a protective effect of genetically predicted tendency towards morning preference on both breast (OR=0.93, 95% CI:0.88, 1.00) and prostate (OR=0.90, 95% CI:0.83, 0.97) cancer risk. There was evidence that an increased tendency to morning preference reduces bioavailable testosterone levels in both females (mean SD difference=-0.08, 95% CI:-0.12, -0.05) and males (mean SD difference=-0.06, 95% CI:-0.09, -0.03), and reduces total testosterone levels in females (mean SD difference=-0.07, 95% CI:-0.10, -0.03). We also found evidence to support higher total and bioavailable testosterone increasing the risk of breast cancer (OR=1.15, 95% CI:1.07, 1.23, OR=1.10, 95% CI:1.01, 1.19 respectively) and higher bioavailable testosterone increasing prostate cancer risk (OR=1.22, 95% CI:1.08, 1.37). While findings from univariable and bidirectional MR analyses indicated that testosterone may lie on the causal pathway between chronotype and cancer risk, there was evidence for a bidirectional association between chronotype and testosterone in females, implicating testosterone as both a confounder and mediator of the chronotype effect on breast cancer risk. However, the effects of chronotype remained largely unchanged when accounting for testosterone in multivariable MR, suggesting that any confounding or mediating effect is likely to be minimal. Conclusions This study has extended previous findings regarding the protective effect of chronotype on breast cancer and found evidence to suggest that morning preference also reduces prostate cancer risk in men. While testosterone levels were found to be closely linked with both chronotype and cancer risk, there was inconsistent evidence for the role of testosterone in mediating the effect of morning preference chronotype on both breast and prostate cancer. Findings regarding the potential protective effect of chronotype on both breast and prostate cancer risk are clinically interesting. However, this may not serve as a direct target for intervention, since it is difficult to modify someone's morning/evening preference. Given this, further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms underlying this effect and to identify other potential modifiable intermediates.

scholarly journals Fear of Negative Evaluation and Social Anxiety in Young Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Iqbal ◽  
Amna Ajmal
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale ◽  
Males And Females

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the brief fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety in young adults. Sample of 230 young adults (110=males, 120=females)was taken from different departments of Bahaudin Zakriya University Multan. The study aimed to check the correlation between fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety and differences in fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety among males and females as well as among undergraduate and post graduate students. Brief fear of negative evaluation scale (Leary, M. R., 1983) and Liebowitz social anxiety scale (Michael R. Liebowitz, 1987) was used. Findings revealed positive correlation between social anxiety and Brief fear of negative evaluation. The study concluded that fear of negative evaluation produce social anxiety in young adults (university students). Independent t test confirmed the significant difference among male, females as well as among undergraduate and post graduate on these two variables. Female students showed more fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety than male students; similarly, undergraduate students showed more social anxiety.

scholarly journals Lower Plasma Total Testosterone Levels Were Associated With Steeper Decline in Brain Glucose Metabolism in Non-demented Older Men

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiwu Wang ◽  
Zhaoting Lv ◽  
Qian Wu ◽  
Huitao Liu ◽  
Yanrou Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Older People ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brain Glucose ◽  
Brain Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Over Time

ObjectiveThere is growing evidence that testosterone may be implicated in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We aimed to examine the relationship between plasma total testosterone levels and change in brain glucose metabolism over time among non-demented older people.MethodsThe association of plasma total testosterone levels with change in brain glucose metabolism among non-demented older people was investigated cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Given a significant difference in levels of plasma total testosterone between gender, we performed our analysis in a sex-stratified way. At baseline, 228 non-demented older people were included: 152 males and 76 females.ResultsIn the cross-sectional analysis, no significant relationship between plasma total testosterone levels and brain glucose metabolism was found in males or females. In the longitudinal analysis, we found a significant association of plasma total testosterone levels with change in brain glucose metabolism over time in males, but not in females. More specifically, in males, higher levels of total testosterone in plasma at baseline were associated with slower decline in brain glucose metabolism.ConclusionWe found that higher levels of total testosterone in plasma at baseline were associated with slower decline in brain glucose metabolism in males without dementia, indicating that testosterone may have beneficial effects on brain function.

scholarly journals Testosterone profile in older men with Alzheimer's disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-293
Author(s):  
Cristiana Roscito Arenella Dusi ◽  
Lílian Schafirovits Morillo ◽  
Regina Miksian Magaldi ◽  
Adriana Nunes Machado ◽  
Sami Liberman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Evidence suggests low testosterone levels in Alzheimer's disease. Objectives: To compare testosterone levels between older men with and without Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Fourteen men with Alzheimer's disease were compared with twenty eight men without dementia. Demographic variables and clinical profiles were analyzed. Within fifteen days before or after the described evaluation, measures of total testosterone and Sex Hormone Binding Globulin (SHBG) were performed. Free testosterone level was calculated based on total testosterone and SHBG. Quantitative variables were analyzed using Student's t test or Kruskal-Wallis test, while qualitative variables were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher test. Results: Mean age in the Control and Alzheimer's disease groups were 72.0 (SD±4.8) years and 79.3(SD±5.9) years, respectively (p=0.001). Mean schooling between these two groups were 8.78 and (±5.86) years, respectively (p=0.022). There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups for testosterone levels, although a trend was observed for the Alzheimer's disease group to present lower levels than the control group (p=0.066). There was no direct correlation between free testosterone and age, although a trend was evident (p=0.068). Conclusions: There was no significant difference in testosterone between men with AD and those without dementia.

Vigorous Physical Activity is Associated with Regular Aerobic Exercise-Induced Increased Serum Testosterone Levels in Overweight/Obese Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (01) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Kumagai ◽  
Toru Yoshikawa ◽  
Asako Zempo-Miyaki ◽  
Kanae Myoenzono ◽  
Takehiko Tsujimoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Serum Testosterone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone

AbstractTestosterone is a male sex hormone and low circulating testosterone levels are associated with various health disorders in men. Obesity results in reduced circulating testosterone levels in men. Previously, we demonstrated that lifestyle modifications (combination of aerobic exercise and dietary modification) increase circulating testosterone levels in overweight/obese men. However, the effect of regular aerobic exercise on serum testosterone levels remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention on circulating testosterone levels in normal-weight and overweight/obese men. Sixteen normal-weight men and twenty-eight overweight/obese men completed a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention. Before and after the intervention, we measured serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels, and categorized the physical activity levels (light, moderate, or vigorous) in all participants. At baseline, serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels were significantly lower in overweight/obese men than in normal-weight men (all p<0.01). After the 12-week aerobic exercise intervention, serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels significantly increased in overweight/obese men (p<0.01). In addition, stepwise multivariable linear regression analysis revealed the increase in vigorous physical activity was independently associated with increased serum total testosterone levels (β=0.47, p=0.011). We demonstrated that a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention increased serum total testosterone, free testosterone, and bioavailable testosterone levels in overweight/obese men. We suggest that an increase in vigorous physical activity increased circulating testosterone levels in overweight/obese men.

scholarly journals Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis to Evaluate Construct Validity of the Indonesian Palatable Eating Motives Scale (I-PEMS)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
A.D. Cahyani ◽  
A. Iskandarsyah ◽  
S. Cahyadi ◽  
W. Srisayekti
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Males And Females

The purpose of this work is to establish the validity of the Indonesian Palatable Eating Motives Scale (I-PEMS) and to describe the characteristics in palatable eating motives among current Indonesian young adults. The Original Palatable Eating Motives Scale (PEMS) was translated into Indonesian and back-translated into English to confirm the conceptual and linguistic equivalence. The scale was administered to emerging adults aged 18-25 years old. Confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the I-PEMS has an acceptable factor structure. The result provided evidence of four factors of palatable eating motives. No significant difference from the I-PEMS score between males and females. The association was only observed between the scores of Conformity motive and Body Mass Index.

Comparison of oral versus transdermal testosterone supplementation in hypogonadal men

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Pierre Raynaud ◽  
Michel Colle ◽  
Michèle Pujos-Gautraud ◽  
Antoine Lemaire ◽  
Jack Auzerie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Testosterone Undecanoate ◽  
Testosterone Levels ◽  
Bioavailable Testosterone ◽  
Trough Levels

Abstract: To compare mean serum total testosterone, bioavailable-testosterone, and dihydrotestosterone levels between transdermal testosterone and oral testosterone undecanoate treatment.: Multicentre, randomized, cross-over study; 44 men >18 years, testosterone ≤2.5 ng/mL. Two patches (Testopatch: Mean age 49 years. Mean testosterone before inclusion 1.99 ng/mL. Mean testosterone serum levels over the last 48 h of Testopatch treatment were superior to Pantestone (4.64 vs. 2.58 ng/mL, p<0.001). Testosterone trough levels at the end of each treatment period were significantly higher for Testopatch (3.15 vs. 2.45 ng/mL, p<0.01). Bioavailable-testosterone levels over the first and last 48 h of treatment were significantly greater with Testopatch than with Pantestone (p=0.001 and p<0.01). Dihydrotestosterone levels over the first and last 48 h of treatment (0.71 vs. 1.05 ng/mL and 0.68 vs. 0.89 ng/mL) as well as at trough (0.59 vs. 0.96 ng/mL) were significantly lower with Testopatch than with Pantestone (p<0.001, p<0.05, and p<0.001). SHBG levels decreased by Pantestone but not by Testopatch (p<0.001).: Testopatch was superior to Pantestone to increase testosterone and bioavailable-testosterone levels in hypogonadal men from the first days and throughout the three weeks of treatment. Pantestone increased dihydrotestosterone to a larger extent and decreased SHBG.

scholarly journals Association of Serum Testosterone and Luteinizing Hormone With Blood Pressure and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Middle‐Aged and Elderly Men

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyuan Qu ◽  
Chenzhao Feng ◽  
Xiaotong Wang ◽  
Yiqun Gu ◽  
Xuejun Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Luteinizing Hormone ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Risk Marker ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Testosterone Levels

Background The age‐related decline in testosterone levels is thought to be of great importance for male aging and cardiovascular diseases. However, data are controversial on whether abnormal sex hormones are linked to the presence of cardiovascular diseases and it is also uncertain how blood pressure modifies the association between testosterone levels and major cardiovascular diseases. Methods and Results This is a multicenter, population‐based, cross‐sectional study of 6296 men conducted between 2013 and 2016. Basic information and clinical symptoms were obtained by questionnaires. Blood pressure and plasma levels of total testosterone, sex hormone–binding globulin, luteinizing hormone, and free testosterone were determined in men in a multistage random, cluster sampling in 6 provinces of China. There were 5786 Chinese men (mean [SD] age 55.0 [10.1] years) included after exclusion criteria were applied; 37.2% (2150) of them were diagnosed with hypertension. Total testosterone, free testosterone, and sex hormone–binding globulin were inversely associated with the prevalence of hypertension. Age >65 years or body mass index ≥24 negatively impacted the inverse correlation between testosterone levels and hypertension, whereas smoking and family history of hypertension strengthened the correlation. In participants with grade 2 hypertension, total testosterone was positively associated with the presence of stroke, and luteinizing hormone was also positively correlated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Conclusions Lower total testosterone could be a promising risk marker for prevalent hypertension. Both low and high levels of testosterone are associated with greater cardiovascular risk. Primary hypogonadism may be a risk marker for major cardiovascular diseases in men with severe hypertension.

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