Abstract 2451: Arterial Spin Labelling Provides Usual Clinical Information In Acute Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Bivard ◽  
Christopher Levi ◽  
Mark Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Outcome ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Arterial Spin Labelling ◽  
Dynamic Susceptibility ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Spin Labelling

Introduction Arterial Spin Labelling (ASL) is a readily available MR scanning technique and may provide similar information to conventional bolus-tracking dynamic susceptibility MR sequences. However, there is little comparative data in acute stroke. Methods: Patients with an acute ischemic stroke were imaged within 6 hours of ischeamic stroke onset with perfusion CT (CTP) and at 24 hours with MRI, including diffusion weighted MR (DWI),ASL and Perfusion Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging (PWI). Patient neurological status was determined using the National institutes of stroke score acutely and at 24 hours, as well as a modified Rankin score at 90 days. The ASL baseline perfusion value was defined as the mean value of the healthy, non ischeamic stroke hemisphere of the patient. Values 20% higher or lower than the mean healthy hemisphere were considered abnormal. A pixel based analysis was also undertaken to compare the perfusion lesion on ASL to the perfusion lesion on the baseline CTP and concurrent PWI maps of CBV, CBF, MTT and Tmax. Results Of the 80 patients in this study there were 32 patients with hyperperfusion in the ischaemic region and 48 with persistent hypoperfusion on follow-up ASL imaging. Hyperperfusion was linked to greater penumbral salvage (defined by the acute CTP and 24 hour DWI) and an improved early clinical outcome (mean improvement in between acute and 24 hour NIHSS = 9) as well as better 3 month outcome (mRS mean = 2, p=0.15). Patients with persistent ASL hypoperfusion showed less improvement in NIHSS (mean improvement 3) and had a poorer 90 day outcome (mean mRS 4). Interestingly, The ASL hypoperfusion lesion was closest to the Tmax PWI map (AUC=0.85) rather than CBF(AUC=0.66) or MTT(AUC=0.73). Discussion. At 24 hours, hyper- or hypo-perfusion on ASL was strongly correlated to clinical outcome. ASL may have clinical utility in the prediction of stroke prognosis based on the difference in clinical outcome (mRS) between the patient groups with hyper- or hypo- perfusion.

Seasonal trends in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater runoff in a subarctic catchment at Okstindan, Norway

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.D. Gurney ◽  
D.S.L. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Isotopic Composition ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Stable Isotopic Composition ◽  
Meltwater Runoff ◽  
Stable Isotopic ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Δ18o And Δd

Seasonal variations in the stable isotopic composition of snow and meltwater were investigated in a sub-arctic, mountainous, but non-glacial, catchment at Okstindan in northern Norway based on analyses of δ18O and δD. Samples were collected during four field periods (August 1998; April 1999; June 1999 and August 1999) at three sites lying on an altitudinal transect (740–970 m a.s.l.). Snowpack data display an increase in the mean values of δ18O (increasing from a mean value of −13.51 to −11.49‰ between April and August), as well as a decrease in variability through the melt period. Comparison with a regional meteoric water line indicates that the slope of the δ18O–δD line for the snowpacks decreases over the same period, dropping from 7.49 to approximately 6.2.This change points to the role of evaporation in snowpack ablation and is confirmed by the vertical profile of deuterium excess. Snowpack seepage data, although limited, also suggest reduced values of δD, as might be associated with local evaporation during meltwater generation. In general, meltwaters were depleted in δ18O relative to the source snowpack at the peak of the melt (June), but later in the year (August) the difference between the two was not statistically significant. The diurnal pattern of isotopic composition indicates that the most depleted meltwaters coincide with the peak in temperature and, hence, meltwater production.

scholarly journals Lateral Antebrachial Cutaneous Nerve as a Donor Source for Digital Nerve Grafting: A Concept Revisited

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1041-1048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Bekir Unal ◽  
Kemal Gokkus ◽  
Evrim Sirin ◽  
Eren Cansü
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Cutaneous Nerve ◽  
Digital Nerve ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Nerve Grafts ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Mean Time

Objective: The main objective of this study is to evaluate the availability of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) autograft for acute or delayed repair of segmented digital nerve injuries. Patients and Methods: 13 digital nerve defects of 11 patients; treated with interposition of LACN graft that harvested from ipsilateral extremity were included in the study. Mean follow up period was 35, 7 months. The mean time from injury to grafting is 53, 3 days. The results of the mean 2PDT and SWMT values of injured /uninjured finger at the end of follow up period were evaluated with Paired T test. The correlation between the defect length and the difference of 2PDT, SWMT values between the uninjured and injured finger at the end of follow up period; were evaluated with Pearson - correlation analysis. Results: The mean value of our 2PDT and SWMT results are ~5,923, ~3, 52, respectively in which can be interpreted between the normal and diminished light touch. The defect length and difference percentage of SWMT values is positively and significantly correlated statistically. Mean length of interposed nerve grafts was 18.5 mm. The age of the patient and the mean values of 2PDT and SWMT with the difference % of 2PDT and % of SWMT are not statistically correlated. Conclusion: Based on results regarding sensory regaining at recipient side and negligible sensory deficit at harvesting side, we suggest that lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve might be a valuable graft option for digital nerve defects.

scholarly journals True and Pseudo Cholinesterase levels in short and long-term of pesticides exposures

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abdul Rahman ◽  
Raghunatha Rao D ◽  
Vasantha L
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Serum Cholinesterase ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Chronic Poisoning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

The present study is aimed to study and analyze the true and pseudo Cholinesterase levels in the subjects exposed to pesticides during short term by intentional or accidental intake and long term exposure due to their occupation were studied at Department of Biochemistry, SVS medical college and hospital mahbubnagar district. Whole blood cholinesterase levels and Pseudo cholinesterase levels were estimated. 150 people were taken as controls who had no medical illness and a total number of 300 cases of pesticide poisoning were selected, aged between 20 to 55 years, which consist of 150 acute poisoning and 150 chronic poisoning subjects in Mahbubnagar district, were taken as case study, the detailed case history and the type of organophosphorus pesticide taken were recorded. Mean and standard deviation (S.D) of all variables were calculated and compared with those of controls. Statistical significance was assessed and P-value <0.05 were considered significant.           During acute poisoning the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase/True cholinesterase (U / L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 1.267± 0.612 on 3th day was 1.651±0.647, on 7th day was 2.221±0.684 and at the end of 6 months was 3.970±0.404.The difference between the study group and control group (4.0 ± 0.39) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in acute poisoning cases on first day was 2213.05 ± 1749.81, on 3th day was 2862.3 ± 2025.6, on 7th day was 4008.4 ± 2355.9 and at the end of 6 months was 7708.34 ± 880.72.The difference between the study group and control group (7991.97 ± 1276.5) was found to be statistically significant in1st, 3rd, 7th day but not significant at the end of 6 months. During chronic poisoning (exposure) the mean value of Whole blood cholinesterase (U/L) in controls is 4.0 ± 0.39 as compared to 3.019 ± 0.848 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant. The mean value of serum cholinesterase/pseudo cholinesterase (U/L) in controls was 7991.97 ± 1276.5 as compared to 6214 ± 1189 in cases of chronic poisoning. The difference between the study group and control group was found to be statistically significant.

Abstract WP46: Blood Pressure, Clinical Improvement And Recanalization Following Acute MCA Occlusion

Stroke ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nandakumar Nagaraja ◽  
Steven Warach ◽  
Amie W Hsia ◽  
Sungyoung Auh ◽  
Lawrence L Latour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Collateral Flow ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Mca Occlusion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
B Test

Background: Blood pressure (BP) drop in the first 24 hours after stroke onset may occur in response to vessel recanalization. Clinical improvement could be due to recanalization or better collateral flow with persistent occlusion. We hypothesize that patients with combination of significant improvement on the NIHSS and a drop in BP at 24hr post tPA is associated with recanalization. Methods: We included intravenous t-PA patients from the Lesion Evolution of Stroke Ischemia On Neuroimaging (LESION) registry who had pre-treatment and 24 hour MRA scan, NIHSS scores at those times and an M1 MCA occlusion at baseline, but excluded those on pressors, pre tPA SBP<120 and tandem ICA occlusion. We classified recanalization status on the 24 hour MRA as none, partial or complete. We abstracted all BP measurements for the first 24 hours from the chart and calculated BP drop as the difference of the triage pre-tPA BP and the average of the last 3 hour readings preceding the 24 hour MRI. NIHSS improvement was defined as ≥4points improvement on NIHSS or NIHSS of 0 at 24hour. Patients with combination of drop in BP and NIHSS improvement were compared with others for recanalization status on 24hr MRA by Kendall Tau-b test. Results: Seventeen patients met the study criteria. There were 13 women, the mean age was 76 years and the median baseline NIHSS was 15. On the 24 hour MRA, 3, 8 and 6 patients had none, partial and complete recanalization, respectively. Patients with NIHSS improvement and a SBP drop ≥20 mmHg were more like to have recanalization at 24 hrs (57% Vs 0%, p=0.03). Similar patterns were seen for patients with NIHSS improvement and DBP drop ≥5mmHg (50% Vs 0%, p=0.04) or MAP drop ≥20mmHg (50% Vs 0%, p=0.04). Complete recanalization was only associated with the combination of NIHSS improvement with SBP drop ≥ 20mmHg (66% Vs 0%, p=0.04). A significant association was not found for recanalization with NIHSS improvement alone or drop in BP alone. Conclusion: There is an association of clinical improvement and BP drop in patients who recanalize. Bedside clinical information may be useful in the management of stroke patients.

scholarly journals III. On the uneliminated instrumental error in the observations of magnetic dip

1869 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 427-429
Keyword(s):  
Mean Value ◽  
Usual Method ◽  
Centre Of Gravity ◽  
Single Reading ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Number Of Passes ◽  
Source Of Error ◽  
Complete Observation

A single reading of one end of a dipping-needle placed in a dip-circle provided with microscopes for observing is liable to a variety of instrumental errors, which are eliminated by taking the mean of the sixteen readings of the two ends in the eight different positions included in a complete observation. Nevertheless it is found that with the best modern instruments a mean value results from these sixteen observations different for each different needle, and that the difference between the results obtained with two different needles is not the same at all times. The irregularities in the values of the dip observed at Bombay with two needles of excellent character made by Barrow of London, led the author to investigate the effect of a hypothetical irregularity in the shape of the axle of the needle, such that a section of the axle by a plane perpendicular to its axis would be elliptical instead of circular in form. Another source of error, which was brought to the notice of the Royal Society many years ago in a paper published in the Proceedings, is the displacement of the centre of gravity of the needle from the centre of the axle, combined with inequality in the magnetization of the needle when the poles are direct and reversed. Experience has led the author to the conclusion that the usual method of magnetization, by a definite number of passes of the same pair of bar-magnets, communicates magnetism to the needle very unequally when the one end of the needle is made north and when the other end is made north. Consequently it is advisable to investigate the effects of ellipticity of the axle and of displacement of the centre of gravity at the same time, which the author proceeds to do.

Effect of Erythropoietin on Platelet Function and Glycoprotein Expression in Patients with MDS.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 3993-3993
Author(s):  
Fotis F.I. Girtovitis ◽  
Dimitrios D. Bougiouklis ◽  
Michel M.P. Makris ◽  
Elefteria E. Pithara ◽  
Pantelis P.E. Makris
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Recombinant Erythropoietin ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Human Recombinant Erythropoietin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Aim: We decide to study the effect of erythropoietin on the platelet function and glycoproteins expression in patients (pts) with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). All patients suffered from primary MDS but none of them received any special treatment. From our study pts that suffered from diseases or they were receiving medication that affect the function of platelets were excluded. Furthermore pts with platelet count&lt;50,000/μl were excluded also because we were unable to check the aggregation of platelets. Material: 41 subjects were studied, 15 normal subject (10 men and 5 women mean age 66,6±14 years old)and 26 pts (17 men and 9 women with mean age70,9±7,4 years old) suffered from all types of MDS according to FAB criteria (9 with RA, 3 with RARS, 7 RAEB, 4 with CMML and 3 with RAEB-t). We divided them in 2 groups: 1st - 7 Pts receiving human recombinant erythropoietin (rEPO) with mean dose 30.000 iu subcutaneous weekly and 2nd - 19 without rEPO. Methods. 1- The platelet function was studied in Platelet Ionized Calcium Aggregometer (PICA) using Ristocetin, ADP, Collagen and Adrenalin as stimulators. 2- The expression of platelet glycoproteins (GPIb, IX, IIb, IIIa and P-selectin) was studied using the flow cytometry and special monoclonal antibodies. This way the percentage of glycoprotein expressed in platelet membrane and MFI were estimated. We performed the statistical analysis of our results using the t-test with common standard deviation.. Results: our results concerning the aggregation test and flow cytometry are presented in tables 1,2 and 3. From the study of our results we can see that while the decrease of aggregation between the patients under EPO and normal subjects is statistically non significant (p&lt;0.1)the decrease of the corresponding values between the pts that did not received EPO and normal subjects was statistically very significant for all stimulators (p &lt;0,001). pts under EPO show an important increase of platelet expressing GPIIb percentage grater than the expressed percentage of patients without EPO (60% vs. 46,1% correspondingly, p&lt;0.001). The difference of expressed MFI was not statistically significant. Conclusion: The findings of our study show us that erythropoietin improves the function of platelets in patients with MDS, probably through the increase of platelet percentage which express glycoproteins. Table 1 Comparison of the mean value of aggregation between the groups Table 2 Comparison of the mean values of the platelets expressing corresponding glycoproteins percentage between the groups Table 3 Comparison of the mean value of MFI between the groups

Comparison of the genetic diversity in two species of cycads

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Longqian Xiao ◽  
Xun Gong ◽  
Gang Hao ◽  
Xuejun Ge ◽  
Bo Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
General Opinion ◽  
Simple Sequence ◽  
Striking Contrast

Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to examine the level and distribution of genetic diversity in two cycad species: Cycas parvula S.L.Yang and C. balansae Warburg. The former is found in only two adjacent populations and the latter in a relatively wider distribution. Although genetic diversity in C. balansae (He = 0.1301) is higher than that in C. parvula (He = 0.0538), both are still low in comparison with the mean value (He = 0.169) in gymnosperms. This confirms the general opinion that cycads are genetic relics. The genetic differentiation in both species, however, presents a striking contrast: Gst is 0.0978 in C. parvula, but 0.4003 in C. balansae, which may be ascribed to the difference in distances between their populations.

scholarly journals Prospective Evaluation of Health Care Provider and Patient Assessments in Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity

Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 10.1212/WNL.0000000000012300
Author(s):  
Paola Alberti ◽  
Davide Paolo Bernasconi ◽  
David R. Cornblath ◽  
Ingemar Sergio Jose Merkies ◽  
Susanna B Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Status ◽  
Change Score ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Peripheral Neurotoxicity ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Clinically Important Deterioration ◽  
Patient Assessments ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

OBJECTIVEThere is not agreement on the “gold standard” for detection and grading of Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neurotoxicity (CIPN) in clinical trials. We performed an observational prospective study to assess and compare both patient-based and physician-based methods.METHODSConsecutive patients, aged 18 years or older, candidates for neurotoxic chemotherapy were enrolled in US/EU/Australia. A trained investigator performed physician-based scales (Total Neuropathy Score clinical [©Johns Hopkins University; TNSc], then used to calculate TNS nurse [TNSn]) and supervised the patient-completed questionnaire (FACT/GOG-NTX©). Evaluations were performed before and at the end of chemotherapy. On participants without neuropathy at baseline we assessed the association between TNSc, TNSn and FACT/GOG-NTX. Considering a previously established Minimal Clinically Important Difference (MCID) for FACT/GOG-NTX, we identified participants with and without a clinically important deterioration according to this scale. Then, we calculated the MCID for TNSc and TNSn as the difference in the mean change score of these scales between the two groups.RESULTSData from 254 participants were available, 180 (71%) had normal neurological status at baseline. At the end of the study, 88% of participants developed any grade of neuropathy. TNSc, TNSn and FACT/GOG-NTX showed good responsiveness (standardized mean change from baseline to end of chemotherapy >1 for all scales). On the 153 participants without neuropathy at baseline and treated with a known neurotoxic chemotherapy regimen we verified a moderate correlation in both TNSc and TNSn scores with FACT/GOG-NTX (Spearman correlation index r=0.6). On the same sample, considering as clinically important a change in the FACT/GOG-NTX score of at least 3.3 points, the MCID was 3.7 for TNSc and 2.8 for the TNSn.CONCLUSIONSMCID for TNSc and TNSn have been calculated, and the TNSn can be considered a reliable alternative objective clinical assessment if a more extended neurological examination is not possible. Moreover, the FACT/GOG-NTX score can be reduced to 7 items and these items correlate well with the TNSc and TNSn.CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCEThis study provides Class III evidence that a patient-completed questionnaire and nurse-assessed scale correlate with a physician-assessed scale.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN STATUS KEBERSIHAN GIGI DAN MULUTPADA ANAK BERKEBUTUHAN KHUSUS SLB-B DAN SLB-C KOTA TOMOHON

e-GIGI ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivie Indahwati ◽  
Max F. J. Mantik ◽  
Paulina N. Gunawan
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Special Needs Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Children With Disability ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Better Than

Abstract: Special need children is children with disability mental, physical, and emotion which different with the normal children, thus their more needed parents help in keeping hygene especially oral hygene. Every disability they have influenced the behaviour of special need children in keeping their oral hygiene. This study aimed to obtain the difference of oral hygiene between special needs children in SLB-B and SLB-C in Tomohon.This was a descriptive analytical study. Samples were obtained by total sampling method. This study was conducted at SLB-B GMIM Damai Tomohon and SLB-C Katolik Santa Anna Tomohon. There were 101 children in this study. The results of independent t test showed that there were significant differences between the mean value of OHI-S status at SLB-B (1.86) and the mean value OHI-S status at SLB-B ( 2.50) with a P value of <0,05. Conclusion: Oral hygiene of SLB-B children was significantly better than of SLB-C children.Keywords: oral hygiene, special need childrenAbstrak: Anak berkebutuhan khusus merupakan anak yang memiliki keterbatasan mental, fisik dan emosi yang berbeda dengan anak normal, sehingga mereka memerlukan bantuan dalam menjaga kebersihan diri khusunya kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Perbedaan keterbatasan yang mereka miliki, memengaruhi perilaku anak berkebutuhan khusus dalam menjaga kebersihan gigi dan mulut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana perbedaan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut pada anak berkebutuhan khusus di SLB-B dan SLB-C kota Tomohon, Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif analitik. Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini secara total sampling. Pengambilan data dilaksanakan di SLB-B GMIM Damai Tomohon dan SLB-C Katolik Santa Anna Tomohon. Jumlah anak dalam penelitian sebanyak 101 anak. Hasil penelitian diolah dengan uji statistik t tidak berpasangan (independent t test).Dari uji statistik diperoleh bahwa terdapat perbedaan rerata yang bermakna, antara status OHI-S SLB-B dengan nilai rata-rata 1,86 dibandingkan status OHI-S SLB-C dengan nilai rata-rata 2,50 dan nilai p<0,05. Simpulan: Rerata status kebersihan gigi dan mulut SLB-B lebih baik secara bermakna dibandingkan dengan SLB-C.Kata kunci: kebersihan gigi dan mulut, anak berkebutuhan khusus

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