Exit, Voice, and Denial

AbstractDespite opposition from social movements, the animal agriculture industry has largely succeeded in averting serious challenges to its basic business practices. This outcome reflects not only the industry’s political and economic clout, but also divisions among the industry’s opponents and the difficulties that their proposed solutions pose for consumers. Albert Hirschman argues that those dissatisfied with a product or organization have three options: exit, voice, and loyalty. We argue that “voice,” the public expression of protest, has been fractured by disagreement over ultimate goals and the proper form of “exit”: substitution or abstention. Both forms of exit are difficult for the consumer. The default response is therefore “loyalty”: continued consumption. This loyalty is based not on ignorance or acceptance of the industry’s shortcomings, but on socially organized denial of the evidence and its implications. Our methodology is a “qualitative metasynthesis” of previous scholarly analyses of the primary social movements involved.

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The Struggle for the Meaning of Dissent

Latin American Perspectives ◽

10.1177/0094582x15581616 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 186-197

Author(s):

Alejandro Cerda García

Keyword(s):

Social Movements ◽

Social Construction ◽

The Political ◽

Democratic Process ◽

Political Dissent ◽

The Public ◽

Proper Form ◽

Relational Perspective ◽

The Social ◽

Organization Of Production

Political dissent, a significant part of any democratic process, must be understood not only as a historical and social construction but also from a structural and relational perspective. Social movements and organizations, especially autonomist indigenous ones, attempt to persuade the public that dissent is a right and a proper form for thinking about the political. The social construction of dissent as a crime not only is promoted by state regimes but also seeks to be accepted, legitimated, and sustained by the society. Socially deconstructing it requires considering the law as a historical production, connecting its analysis to legitimacy, and recognizing its ideological and fictional dimension and the influence of structural conditions such as the organization of production. El disenso político, parte sustancial de todo proceso democrático, requiere ser comprendido como construcción social e histórica y desde una perspectiva estructural y relacional. Organizaciones y movimientos sociales, especialmente los indígenas autonomistas, despliegan acciones para influir en la opinión pública a fin de sostener que disentir es un derecho y una forma idónea de pensar lo político. La construcción social de la disidencia como delito es un proceso que, si bien es impulsado por regímenes estatales, busca ser aceptado, legitimado y sostenido por la sociedad. La tarea de desconstruirlo socialmente requiere considerar el derecho como producto histórico, vincular su análisis a la legitimidad, y reconocer su dimensión ideológica y ficcional y la influencia por condiciones tales como la organización de los procesos de producción.

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Meatsplaining

10.30722/sup.9781743327104 ◽

2020 ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Critical Analysis ◽

Environment And Public Health ◽

Rhetorical Strategies ◽

Animal Agriculture ◽

The Public ◽

Agriculture Industry ◽

Public Scrutiny ◽

The Many ◽

Public Imagination

The animal agriculture industry, like other profit-driven industries, aggressively seeks to shield itself from public scrutiny. To that end, it uses a distinct set of rhetorical strategies to deflect criticism. These tactics are fundamental to modern animal agriculture but have long evaded critical analysis. In this collection, academic and activist contributors investigate the many forms of denialism perpetuated by the animal agriculture industry. What strategies does the industry use to avoid questions about its inhumane treatment of animals and its impact on the environment and public health? What narratives, myths and fantasies does it promote to sustain its image in the public imagination?

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PUBLIC RELATIONS IN ARMENIAN STATE ADMINISTRATION AND BANKING SYSTEM

Main Issues Of Pedagogy And Psychology ◽

10.24234/miopap.v14i2.99 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 177-188

Author(s):

A. Avetisyan

Keyword(s):

Mass Media ◽

Public Relations ◽

Banking System ◽

Mutual Understanding ◽

The Real ◽

The Public ◽

State Administration ◽

Or Organization ◽

Government Institution

Benevolent relations between each government institution, company or organization and its publicity are provided by Public Relations specialists. They try to provide public with information, based on the real facts, which lead to the establishment and maintenance ofthe benevolent relations and mutual understanding. Taking into consideration the fact, companies and organizations generate relevant departments, responsible for communication with Mass media and the public. These departments take responsibility for making the organization presentative, for publicity and transparent work. The aim of the research is to identify the opportunities, weaknesses and achievements of Public relations in Armenian Banking System and State Administration.

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A holistic approach to the productivity paradox

Human Systems Management ◽

10.3233/hsm-2007-26202 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 85-97

Author(s):

Rune Wigblad ◽

John Lewer ◽

Magnus Hansson

Keyword(s):

Holistic Approach ◽

Management Control ◽

New Order ◽

Public And Private ◽

Psychological Reactions ◽

The Public ◽

Time Period ◽

Plant Level ◽

Working Day ◽

Or Organization

Both the public and private sectors have since the 1980s relentlessly cut the size of their workforces. The downsizing has regularly been reported to lead to closure of a whole or a part of a corporation or organization. Some studies which have analyzed the closures have reported that remarkable, counterintuitive improvements in labor productivity occurred during the time-period between the closure announcement and the final working day. Testing an elaborated cybernetic model on a Swedish case study, and on an exploratory basis, this paper proposes a holistic approach to generate a better understanding of this phenomenon. The main holistic pattern is a new order where management control is replaced by more “Self-management” on the plant level, and very strong psychological reactions based on feelings of unfairness.

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Pengelolaan website sebagai Media Informasi Publik

Reputation: Jurnal Hubungan Masyarakat ◽

10.15575/reputation.v2i2.233 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 201-220

Author(s):

Rina Himaturipa ◽

Abdul Azis Maarif ◽

Yusuf Zaenal Abidin

Keyword(s):

Public Relations ◽

Management Process ◽

City Governments ◽

Regional Office ◽

The Public ◽

Study Approach ◽

Fact Finding ◽

Or Organization ◽

Application Programs

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses pengelolaan dimulai dari pencarian data dan fakta, perencanaan, pengaplikasian program, serta tahap evaluasi. Proses ini merupakan rangkaian dari pengaplikasian konsep four step public relations yang dijalankan oleh humas Kantor Wilayah Kementrian Agama Provinsi Jawa Barat, yaitu tahap fact finding, planning and programming, taking actions and communications, and evaluations. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma konstruktivisme , pendekatan kualitatif dan metode studi kasus, mengenai suatu lembaga atau organisasi dengan berupa fenomena yang ada dan terjadi nyata disuatu lembaga atau organisasi. Hasil dari penelitian ini menerangkan bahwa proses pengelolaan website menghasilkan data yang terbagi kedalam dua bagian yaitu fakta primer dan sekunder , setelah data didapatkan selanjutnya perencanaan program aplikasi yang memudahkan publik, lalu pengaplikasian program aplikasi seperti halnya E-MTQ, SIMKAH, dan lain-lain, tahap akhir yaitu evaluasi yang dilakukan seperti Rapat Koordinasi dengan Pemerintah Provinsi dan Kab/Kota. Kata Kunci : Pengelolaan; Humas; Website The purpose of this research is to find out the management process, Fact Finding, Planning and programming, Taking Actions and communications, and evaluation stages. This process is a series of applications of the four-step public relations concept run by the PR of the Regional Office of the Ministry of Religion of West Java Province. Researchers also use a case study approach that is about an institution or organization in the form of phenomena that exist and occur real in an institution or organization. The results of this study explain that the website management process produces data which is divided into two parts, namely primary and secondary facts, after the data is obtained then the planning of application programs that facilitate the public, then application of application programs such as E-MTQ, SIMKAH, and others, the final stage is an evaluation conducted such as a Coordination Meeting with the Provincial and District / City Governments. Keywords: Management; PR; Website

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Management of Publicly Owned Forests

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc64193-3 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 193-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. Baskerville

Keyword(s):

Productive Capacity ◽

The Public ◽

Management Actions ◽

Proper Form ◽

The People ◽

Resource Dynamics ◽

Industrial Use ◽

Publicly Owned ◽

Over Exploitation ◽

Public Forests

For two reasons, planning and implementing management for publicly-owned forests is conducted in an environment that almost guarantees failure. First, group ownership is associated with a strong tendency towards over-exploitation (the tragedy of the commons), and second public ownership entails a heavy administrative overhead.The public allows industry to use publicly-owned forests and spends the revenue from exploitation on roads, schools health care, unemployment insurance and so on. The public owners are unwilling to limit industrial use of the forest to keep it in balance with the productive capacity of the forests because this would limit the benefits they receive and because they do not as individuals experience the shared cost of exploitation. Meanwhile, the people who own 90% of Canada's forests have until recently seen fit to spend only 5% of the taxes derived from their industrial use for maintaining their productive capacity. In effect the people of Canada are slum landlords. Like slum landlords, they have not returned to their properties enough money for their basic maintenance. The biggest problem in managing our public forests is in overcoming the owners' resistance to spending enough of the money generated by the forests to manage them in a technically adequate way over long period of time.The second major problem is the tendency of the agencies managing publicly-owned forests to shift from managing the forest to managing its use. This arises partly from the way in which the owners (the public) participate in the management process and partly because public money is used for management.The public owns the resource and must set goals. Unfortunately because they are so remote from the property and their understanding of resource dynamics is so trivial, the public tend to state vague goals accompanied by specific management actions with little thought to the cause/effect connections between them. Technically designed management tends to be over-ridden by socially comfortable solutions that do not solve the real management problems existing in the woods.Use of public funds necessitates creating a paper trail satisfactory to auditors. Consequently professionals responsible for managing the public forests find themselves spending more and more time ensuring that the administrative reporting of actions taken is up to date and in the proper form, and less and less time ensuring that the actions taken are the technically right ones to achieve the stated goals in the forest.

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Early contractor involvement approaches in public project procurement

Journal of Public Procurement ◽

10.1108/jopp-11-2018-021 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 355-378 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Paulos Abebe Wondimu ◽

Ali Hosseini ◽

Jadar Lohne ◽

Ola Laedre

Keyword(s):

Success Factors ◽

Public Procurement ◽

Business Practices ◽

Public Project ◽

Content Type ◽

The Public ◽

Treat All ◽

First Time ◽

Project Procurement ◽

Depth Interviews

Purpose Early contractor involvement (ECI) faces many barriers when it is implemented in public procurement, given that it is different from traditional business practices. Primarily, public owners face a major challenge, as they should treat all bidders equally. The purpose of this paper is to explore suitable ECI approaches that public owners could use. Design/methodology/approach In addition to a literature and document study, 14 semi-structured in-depth interviews with key personnel from 11 cases selected from Norwegian public bridge projects were carried out. Findings In all, 23 unique approaches of ECI were identified during this research (16 from literature and 7 new from case projects). The findings provide a new direction to ECI through introducing new approaches of ECI from the case projects. Originality/value This paper for the first time presents several alternatives of ECI approaches for public owners with the intention of illustrating ECI is actually possible in the public project procurement. Furthermore, it presents for the first time success factors of ECI with the intention of increasing the understanding of ECI concept from a public procurement perspective.

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In Visible Families: Gay Fatherhood and the Politics of Family Change

10.31235/osf.io/e3yva ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Megan Carroll

Keyword(s):

Social Movements ◽

Middle Class ◽

Community Settings ◽

The Public ◽

Gay Fathers ◽

Gay Parents ◽

White Middle Class ◽

The Media ◽

Family Inequality ◽

Public Imagination

Who counts as a gay father? The answer to this question reaches beyond demographics, encompassing histories of family inequality, LGBTQ identity, and social movements. Presentations of gay fathers in the media and scholarship are often skewed toward white, middle-class, coupled men who became parents via adoption or surrogacy. Yet the demographic majority of gay parents continue to have children in heterosexual unions. My dissertation research uses ethnographic and interview data to argue that contemporary narratives of gay fatherhood have prematurely dismissed gay parents who have children in heterosexual unions. The choice to exclude gay fathers via heterosexual unions can be attributed to emerging narratives of LGBTQ identity and political strategies of the marriage equality movement. The consequences of gay fathers’ disproportionate visibility have led to a stratified system of access to gay parenting resources. By identifying the mechanisms that undermine gay fathers’ diversity in the public imagination and in gay parenting community settings, my dissertation amplifies the voices of marginalized gay fathers and offers an intersectional approach to the study of LGBTQ families through a social movements framework.

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110 years of the Second Hague Conference: role of the Russian diplomacy and International Law doctrine of F. Martens

Journal of International Analytics ◽

10.46272/2587-8476-2017-0-2-78-83 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 78-83

Author(s):

E. Voronin

Keyword(s):

International Law ◽

Social System ◽

Use Of Force ◽

Russian Society ◽

Coup D'etat ◽

Legal Principles ◽

The Public ◽

Public Expression ◽

Real Essence

Facts backed up by documents and contemporary testimonies must serve as a basis for the consequencies of the events of 1917, as a verification of any impartial estimation and indiscriminate view on the most brutal revolt in history, and its consequences.The Russian society needs an impartial, just and deep analysis of these events. Foremost this would require a clear civilised understanding of the real essence of any coup d’etat, whatever name it takes (revolution, classjustified struggle, etc) and whatever banners it bears in history, and whatever propaganda and ideological falcifications determine it.The Constitution of any state ruled by law acknowledges any evolution in the development of the sociaty based on legal principles. Any change of institutes or social system in a state can be realised through the force of laws, which comply with the public expression of will (referendum). In national legislation of the present-day states there are no norms, which establish revolutionary convulsions as legal, which are based on illegitimate take-over with the use of force.

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ENTRE O PÚBLICO E O PRIVADO: O PAPEL DA MULHER NOS MOVIMENTOS SOCIAIS E A CONQUISTA DE DIREITOS NO DECORRER DA HISTÓRIA * BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE: THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN SOCIAL MOVEMENTS AND THE CONQUEST OF RIGHTS IN THE COURSE OF HISTORY

História e Cultura ◽

10.18223/hiscult.v4i3.1691 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 50

Author(s):

Elizabete David Novaes

Keyword(s):

Social Movements ◽

Political Participation ◽

Social Movement ◽

Social Role ◽

Modern Science ◽

Public And Private ◽

The Public ◽

Active Subject ◽

The Social

Resumo: O presente artigo busca evidenciar o papel social das mulheres nos movimentos sociais promovidos no decorrer da história. Para cumprir com tal propósito, discute o caráter patriarcal da ciência cartesiana; apresenta uma reflexão acerca da articulação entre o público e privado; elabora uma revisão teórica acerca da historiografia da mulher, ressaltando a ação da mulher em diferentes momentos da história, buscando evidenciá-la como sujeito ativo, capaz de integrar o público e o privado, participando da conquista de direitos. Para enfatizar as articulações existentes entre as dimensões pública e privada, este artigo defende que historicamente a mulher politiza vias não políticas do cotidiano, atuando em movimentos sociais promotores de reivindicações e manifestações sociais, de modo a superar limites ideologicamente traçados pelo viés patriarcal da ciência moderna, de base cartesiana, atuando na luta por direitos e participação política na história.Palavras-chave: gênero; historiografia; público e privado; movimentos sociais; direitos.Abstract: This paper describes evidences of the social role of the women inside different social movements occurred during our history. It began with a discussion the patriarchal character of Cartesian science, presents reflections about the public and private articulation, a theoretical review of the women´s historiography, emphasizing their action at different times in history and trying to emphazise them as active subject which is capable to integrate the public and private, participating of the conquer their rights. To emphasize all the previous articulations between the public and private dimensions, this manuscript argues that historically women politicize daily non-political pathways. Their actuations in social movements promote the demands and social manifestations in order to ideologically overcome the limitations set by the the patriarchal bias of modern science, acting in the the fight (ou struggle) for rights and political participation in history.Keywords: gender, historiography, public and private; social movement; rights.

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