Territoriality and the Influence of Females On the Spacing of Males in the Cockroach, Nauphoeta Cinerea

Behaviour ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 282-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie S. Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Female Group ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Occupied Territory ◽  
The Social ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Territory Owner ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Definite Limit

Abstract(I) The first aim of the study was to extend earlicr observations on the effect of density on social structure and in particular to see if all males in a group became territorial at very low density. The second aim was to determine the social organisation of females in relation to territorial males. (2) Most males were observed to become territorial at very low density but there was a definite limit to the tendacy to spread out. A few males were not territorial and the behaviour of these animals is described. (3) The females formed a group, usually but not always, on a male-occupied territory. Unreceptive, virgin females introduced into the observation tank remained inactive for the first few days. In these females activity and exploration were correlated with the onset of receptivity. Some females mated at this time and then moved on until they joined the female group. Others joined the female group immediately and mated with the territory owner if one was present. Once females had joined the group they did not leave except for brief sallies or to give birth to their young. The female group did however move en masse and sometimes moved the entire length of the tank. (4) One of the most obvious effects of the females was on the pattern of male territory holding. Competition for territory centred round the female group and several males took up residence with the females during the day. Either one of these males became a despot or a hierarchy of dominance developed. At night the top-dominant chased the others off his territory. These males, with the exception of a few very low-ranking males, then set-up territories on adjacent rest-sited and made occasional attempts to rejoin the female group. This sequence of events was repeated each day. (5) The second obvious effect of the females was on the amount of fighting. Males were alone more often than they were with females but when females were present there was more fighting. (I) The relationship between hierarchy and territory is discussed and conclusions are drawn about the function of territory and the limitations of the territorial system in Nauphoeta.

scholarly journals Curriculum, Teaching and Interdisciplinarity

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 5147-5154
Author(s):  
Silvia Morelli ◽  
Camila Carlachiani
Keyword(s):  
Social Issues ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
Santa Fe ◽  
Curriculum Policy ◽  
Core Content ◽  
The Social ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Teaching Problem ◽  
The Relationship

This article makes visible the problems around teachers’ knowledge regarding teaching and content management. It shows an experience of a proposal of Interdisciplinary Core Content (ICC) created by us for the Ministry of Education of Santa Fe, Argentina. Aided by Shulman’s questions and his missing paradigm, we formulate our own questions about the relationship between content and teaching: why is teaching a content-free domain? If it is a problem of curriculum and didactics, what can we do with these dissociated fields of study which need to keep coexisting in the same environment? Addressing the curriculum-didactics in teaching includes the interdisciplinary debates to set up contents. In the curriculum-society relationship, ICC are developed taking the social issues proper of each context about Human Rights, Climate Change, Violence, Energy, Culture, the Space, Nutrition and Health as starting points. As a micro-level curriculum policy, the selection and sequencing of content transforms into a teaching problem. While at the meso-level dialogue, the relationship between curriculum and didactics is strengthened. The event question about what is going on? shows its genealogical nature. This teaching scenario is established based on the didactic triad, conditioned by the institutional context and configured by the special characteristics of each one of the members of the class.

scholarly journals The Story of the Lost Thai Classical Music Ensemble: The Wang Bang Kholaem Ensemble

MANUSYA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-69
Author(s):  
Punnee Bualek
Keyword(s):  
Classical Music ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Cultural Environment ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classical Ensemble ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Patronage System

This article was written to answer the following two questions, which are 1) What is the history of the Wang Bang Kholaem ensemble? What were the reasons for its establishment and dissolution? 2) What were the factors that led to its success? Did the relationship between the ensemble owner and his musicians contribute to its success? The results were: 1) The Wang Bang Kholaem Thai Classical ensemble was set up around 2470-2475 B.E. The owner was Prince Krommaluang Lopburirames. The ensemble was dissolved after his death. The reason why he chose Bang Kholaem as the location for his ensemble, was that, in the past, Bang Kholaem had been an area of peaceful and shady fruit yards faraway from the capital city, suited for building a retreat for practicing Thai classical music. 2) The factors contributing to the band’s success and fame included the fact that the ensemble’s owner was royal and was really fond of Thai classical music. He had enough assets to be a patron to a large number of talented musicians and was able to assemble many great teachers to train his musicians. The fact is that the musicians of the Wang Bang Kholaem ensemble inherited musical wisdom from the Wang Burabha ensemble, which belonged to Prince Bhanubhandhu-wongworadech, his father-in-law. Among the great teachers were: Luang Praditphairoh (Son Silapabanleng), Phra Phinbanlengraj (Yam Prasansup) and Phra Phatbanlengromya (Phim Wathin). Moreover, he was also able to gather many gifted musicians into the ensemble. In addition, the ensemble flourished and fostered great interest in the social and cultural environment of the period which existed during the reign of King Rama VII before the Revolution in 2475 B.E. 3) As for the relationship between the great teachers and the musicians, it was based on very strict discipline. In addition to the fact that the owner was of high royalty, the relationship between the owner and his musicians was that of the patronage system according to feudal tradition. The musicians respected and adored the owner so they dedicated themselves to working effortlessly to build a great reputation for the ensemble.

scholarly journals Neocortex evolution in primates: the ‘social brain’ is for females

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Lindenfors
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Social Intelligence ◽  
Social Evolution ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Social Intelligence Hypothesis ◽  
Male Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
Size Limits ◽  
The Relationship

According to the social intelligence hypothesis, relative neocortex size should be directly related to the degree of social complexity. This hypothesis has found support in a number of comparative studies of group size. The relationship between neocortex and sociality is thought to exist either because relative neocortex size limits group size or because a larger group size selects for a larger neocortex. However, research on primate social evolution has indicated that male and female group sizes evolve in relation to different demands. While females mostly group according to conditions set by the environment, males instead simply go where the females are. Thus, any hypothesis relating to primate social evolution has to analyse its relationship with male and female group sizes separately. Since sex-specific neocortex sizes in primates are unavailable in sufficient quantity, I here instead present results from phylogenetic comparative analyses of unsexed relative neocortex sizes and female and male group sizes. These analyses show that while relative neocortex size is positively correlated with female group size, it is negatively, or not at all correlated with male group size. This indicates that the social intelligence hypothesis only applies to female sociality.

Encouraging the innovation as a factor of economic sustainability: Evidence from Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 719-738
Author(s):  
Thi Hong Van LO ◽  
Dmitrii G. RODIONOV ◽  
Thi Kim Chi NGUYEN
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Economic Sustainability ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Innovative System ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Subject. Currently, the relationship of innovation and economic sustainability has become an important aspect to consider. Analyzing the importance of encouraging the innovation for the economic growth of the Social Republic of Vietnam, we can determine the future of the economic development in many developing countries. Objectives. We substantiate the relationship of innovation and economic sustainability and outline our recommendations for encouraging the innovation and improving the innovative system of Vietnam. Methods. As part of the study, we mainly analyze proceedings on the role of innovation in the economic sustainability, materials of international organizations, and official papers of the Vietnamese government. Results. Having analyzed Global Innovation Index reports from 2013 through 2020, we found achievements and weaknesses of innovations in Vietnam. We determined the main challenges of Vietnam’s innovation system through the comparative analysis of the innovation indices of Vietnam, Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand. The article substantiates priorities for improving the national innovation system of Vietnam, and raising the importance of innovation for the economic sustainability. Conclusions and Relevance. We suggest what should be done to improve innovation in Vietnam. The findings can be used to set up a mechanism for encouraging innovation, which should become the principal driver of the sustainable economic development in Vietnam and other emerging economies.

scholarly journals Zmiany wizerunkowe mężczyzny w przestrzeni lingwakulturowej

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 25-36
Author(s):  
Piotr Garncarek
Keyword(s):  
Research Area ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Special Area ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Image changes of a man in the linguocultural spaceLinguistic sensitivity to the reality around us, particularly the one in the social dimension, is an intriguing research area. In the wake of the ever faster rushing world, the language tries to catch up in different ways, not always in its own way. It borrows, calques, phonetically assimilates the foreign lexicon; moreover, it creates neologisms, fabricates and inserts new, “author’s” words, expressions and phrases. The linguocultural space, implied as a special area, where the language is intertwined with the described culture of a society — ethnic, national or linguistic, should look forward to the change of its own denomination. Calling phenomena linguocultural indicates the succession from language to reality. It is rather “demanding” linguistically. If indeed we adopt the sequence of events, the space in question is essentially linguocultural. The language must catch up and name new situations, phenomena, artifacts rather than create the reality which is made up of them. The relationship is analysed in the article and illustrated by examples thematically related to the image changes of a man.

scholarly journals Becoming Editor: Or, Pinocchio finally notices the Strings

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Parker
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Journal Editor ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

This paper uses my experience as an academic journal editor in order to reflect upon the social arrangement that brings academics, universities, states and knowledge capitalist organizations together to produce the contemporary academic journal and access paywalls. After some consideration of the history of publishing, I analyse the market for articles like this one, and considerthe consequences of the ranking and monetization of journals, papers andcitations by different agents. As I do this, I insert various biographical reflections on the relationship between ‘editing’ and being ‘edited’. The overall aim of the paper is to suggest that this set-up actually has some verynegative consequences for taxpayers, academics and students. It encourages the overproduction of academic output because it turns it into a commodity which is traded, whilst simultaneously tending to discourage forms of knowledge production that fail to fit into the boxes which have already been establishedfor them, whether in terms of content or style. I conclude with some thoughts on open access journals, and their limits.

scholarly journals Becoming Editor: Or, Pinocchio finally notices the Strings

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-474
Author(s):  
Martin Parker
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Journal Editor ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Forms Of Knowledge

This paper uses my experience as an academic journal editor in order to reflect upon the social arrangement that brings academics, universities, states and knowledge capitalist organizations together to produce the contemporary academic journal and access paywalls. After some consideration of the history of publishing, I analyse the market for articles like this one, and considerthe consequences of the ranking and monetization of journals, papers andcitations by different agents. As I do this, I insert various biographical reflections on the relationship between ‘editing’ and being ‘edited’. The overall aim of the paper is to suggest that this set-up actually has some verynegative consequences for taxpayers, academics and students. It encourages the overproduction of academic output because it turns it into a commodity which is traded, whilst simultaneously tending to discourage forms of knowledge production that fail to fit into the boxes which have already been establishedfor them, whether in terms of content or style. I conclude with some thoughts on open access journals, and their limits.

scholarly journals The Influence of Website Service Quality on Customer Satisfaction Towards Online Shopping: The Mediating Role of Confirmation of Expectation

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 7-14
Author(s):  
Karl Markos Biswas ◽  
Mohammed Nusari ◽  
Abhijit Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Online Shopping ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Customer Expectation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private Banks ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship

Researching customer satisfaction becomes key for organizational competitiveness because satisfied customers become loyal customers. Therefore, it is important to measure customer satisfaction towards online shopping, since satisfied customers will make repetitive purchases and provide recommendations to others, thus generating the profit for a particular e-commerce company. Customer satisfaction towards online shopping can significantly be influenced by website service quality, hence many of the previous studies set up to show the relationship between website service quality and customer satisfaction. But still, limited literature has been focused on the mediating effects of the confirmation of customer expectation on the relationship between website service quality and customer satisfaction. Hence, the aim of this study is to measure customer satisfaction based on the website service quality with confirmation of customer expectation. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed to online customers who are working in the private banks in Bangladesh. Our of 500, a total of 342 questionnaires were used for further analysis, representing a response rate of 68.40%. The hypothesis for direct effect was tested by regression analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The result of the study revealed that website service quality has a significant and positive relationship with confirmation of customers’ expectations and in turn, their satisfaction level towards online shopping. Implications and directions for future research are also highlighted in this present study.

The Effects of Drying Techniques on Clay-Rich Soil Texture

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 466-467
Author(s):  
T. G. Naymik
Keyword(s):  
Critical Point ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen Temperature ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Critical Point Drying ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Quartz Grains

Three techniques were incorporated for drying clay-rich specimens: air-drying, freeze-drying and critical point drying. In air-drying, the specimens were set out for several days to dry or were placed in an oven (80°F) for several hours. The freeze-dried specimens were frozen by immersion in liquid nitrogen or in isopentane at near liquid nitrogen temperature and then were immediately placed in the freeze-dry vacuum chamber. The critical point specimens were molded in agar immediately after sampling. When the agar had set up the dehydration series, water-alcohol-amyl acetate-CO2 was carried out. The objectives were to compare the fabric plasmas (clays and precipitates), fabricskeletons (quartz grains) and the relationship between them for each drying technique. The three drying methods are not only applicable to the study of treated soils, but can be incorporated into all SEM clay soil studies.

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