Implications of Economic Globalization on Labor Market Policies: A Comparative study of the Philippines and Indonesia

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-122
Author(s):  
Verna Dinah Q. Viajar
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Economic Globalization ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Labor Market Policies ◽  
Labor Supply And Demand

This essay examines the implications of economic globalization on the labor markets in the Philippines and Indonesia. Today’s economic globalization characterized by liberalization of the market, privatization of state-owned enterprises, and minimal government intervention in the economy, results in job losses, retrenchments and irregular employment and rising wage differentials among workers. Both countries follow liberal economic policies that have constrained the state’s response in terms of labor market policies to mitigate the negative impact of economic globalization. Free market proponents consider as labor rigidities the state’s policy interventions in the labor market and the participation of trade unions. Labor flexibility and the free interplay of labor supply and demand are the ones valued in the liberalized labor market. Though constrained and weakened to address the economic restructuring brought about by globalization, the labor movements in the Philippines and Indonesia continue to find ways to develop new unionisms and strategies to organize themselves as social movements.

scholarly journals THE IMPORTANCE OF GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS IN INCREASING EMPLOYMENT EFFICIENCY IN GANJA-KAZAKH ECONOMIC REGION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Hasanova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Economic Region ◽  
Investment Projects ◽  
Oil Sector ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Programs ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
The Impact

The article analyzes the labor market in Ganja-Gazakh economic region, the main "State Programs for socio-economic development of the regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan" (2004-2008, 2009-2013, 2014-2018, 2019-2023) to address the employment problems of the population. directions were considered. At the same time, the current situation of employment and unemployment in the region, the interregional distribution of productive forces, the region's infrastructure, the geography of natural resources were studied. Traditional production areas for the region, preferential loans provided to entrepreneurs within the framework of financed investment projects and other issues were discussed. The measures taken to eliminate the negative impact of the global crisis on the regions of Azerbaijan since 2016, the volume of output in key sectors of the economy are reflected. The discrepancy between job supply and demand in the region's labor market, as well as the main problems arising in the process of their coordination were analyzed. The urgency of original issues such as increasing production and exports, attracting effective employment, ensuring regional development by attracting domestic and foreign investment to the regions was brought to attention. The impact of investments in the regions on the development of the non-oil sector on the country's GDP was studied. The enterprises and jobs created in Ganja-Gazakh economic region were discussed within the program. In the end, the results of the analysis were reflected and suggestions were made to eliminate the existing problems.

scholarly journals Minimum Wage and Youth Employment The Case Study of Iran's Manufacturing Industries

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Ahmad Jafari Samimi
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Minimum Wage ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Average Wage ◽  
Labor Supply And Demand ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Aggregation Level

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of minimum wage on the youth employment using panel technique in Iran’s manufacturing industries at the 4-digit aggregation level of ISIC classification, during 2001-2006. There is the controversy surrounding minimum wage because the effects of the introduction and increase of minimum wage may differ greatly depending on the labor market structure. In order to capture the effects which various un-observed labor supply and demand factors may have on the youth employment, The Kaitz Index (as the ratio of the minimum wage to the average wage) has been used in our analysis. The obtained results provide the small but positive effect of minimum wage on youth employment.

scholarly journals Standard and New Forms of Employment: Diversification of Opportunities in the Context of Digitalization and Globalization

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (516) ◽  
pp. 224-231
Author(s):  
L. P. Huk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Labor Supply And Demand ◽  
National Labor Market

The article is aimed at examining the current trends in the formation of employment structure and the peculiarities of both the standard and the «new» models of labor to determine the risks and opportunities for using various forms of employment in Ukraine in the conditions of the crisis of instability. The factors of demand (regulation of employment, creation of conditions for the development of highly intellectual employment and individual economic activity, technological development, economic cycles, etc.) and supply (personal characteristics of employees: age, gender, education, level of qualification) are analyzed, which influence the choice of employment forms and determine their use in the national labor market. The peculiarities (employment mode, remuneration and qualifications of employed people, their socio-demographic characteristics) of certain forms of employment in Ukraine are disclosed on the basis of the analysis of microdata of a sample survey of the population on issues of economic activity. It is determined that in Ukraine the most common was a permanent form of employment, other more flexible or even precarious forms of employment developed and functioned along with it, the regularities of usnig them were determined by the interaction of factors of the labor supply and demand. The results of the research justify the existence of a link between the stability of the form of employment and the factors of the labor supply, which include age, gender and educational qualification level. It is proved that the achievement of competitiveness of the national labor market will be determined by the complex use of various forms of employment to balance the demand and supply of labor in the conditions of digitalization and globalization of the economy.

scholarly journals Online labor platforms versus temp agencies: What are the differences?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Meijerink ◽  
Martijn Arets
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labor Market Intermediaries ◽  
Online Marketplaces ◽  
Online Labor ◽  
Labor Supply And Demand ◽  
Market Intermediaries

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare online labor platforms (OLPs) such as Upwork, Fiverr, YoungOnes and Temper with traditional temp agencies. At a first glance, OLPs and temp agencies strongly resemble each other while they aim to meet the need for short-term labor of organizations. The authors ask the question how these labor market intermediaries differ on issues such as information technology usage, ways how labor supply and demand are matched and working conditions (e.g. status, pay and social security of workers). Design/methodology/approach Next to a review of the academic literature, the authors conducted interviews with representatives of six OLPs and temp agencies in the Netherlands as well as a legal specialist in Dutch labor law. Findings The authors found that OLPs and temp agencies differ on several issues. First, although OLPs rely on online marketplaces for matching labor supply and demand, temp agencies generally rely on human matchmakers. Second, although OLPs enable workers and client organizations to initiate transactions themselves, temp agencies employ representatives that do the matching for workers and clients. Third, and as a result, OLPs afford client organizations to almost instantly hire workers on-demand, whereas the flexibility and speed that temp agencies can offer depend on availability and processing capacity of human matchmakers. Originality/value According to the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to compare OLPs and temp agencies and, in doing so, offers academics and practitioners an analytical framework to compare different types of labor market intermediaries.

scholarly journals FEATURES AND TRENDS OF THE RUSSIAN LABOR MARKET DEVELOPMENT IN THE SPHERE OF DEMAND AND LABOR SUPPLY

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
A.V. Mal’tseva ◽  
◽  
A.V. Maiorova ◽  
E.A. Safonova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Market Development ◽  
Market Regulation ◽  
Expert Assessments ◽  
Labor Supply And Demand ◽  
Internet Recruitment

The aim of the study is to identify and determine the features, trends, problems that have developed in the modern Russian labor market in the sphere of labor supply and demand based on data from HeadHunter.ru. To solve these tasks, the authors used the methods of content analysis and comparative analysis, logical justification and expert assessments. As part of the study, the authors analyzed scientific works by foreign and domestic authors devoted to the problems of the labor market development and the demand for workers in the conditions of the development of the modern economy. They analyzed and systematized the data from Internet recruitment portal Head- Hunter (based on parsing resumes and vacancies) in the context of regions, spheres and types of employment, salary, work schedule, work experience, etc., and made the appropriate conclusions. Based on a comparative analysis of the data parsing resumes and vacancies, the authors identified trends and features of the demand and supply of labor in the labor market. The results of the study can be useful for government bodies in the development and implementation of policies in the field of labor market regulation and employment of the population.

scholarly journals MONOPSONY IN THE LABOR MARKET

2021 ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Vera Shumilina ◽  
Ekaterina Krasnyanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Negative Impact

This chapter will discuss monopsony and its problems in the labor market: does the monopsony of employees and working conditions have a negative impact; why are trade unions created and how do they affect this situation?

Labor Market Influences on Personality Scale Scores among Job Applicants

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz S. Ones ◽  
Chockalingam Viswesvaran
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Integrity Test ◽  
Total N ◽  
Personality Scale ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Labor Supply And Demand ◽  
External Labor Markets

Abstract. Four studies investigating labor market influences on personality scale scores of job applicants are presented. The first three studies examined whether or not job applicants from internal vs. external labor markets scored similarly on multi-scale personality inventories used for personnel selection. Across three samples, data from external job applicants (total N = 11,147) and internal job applicants (total N = 10,468) for managerial positions indicated that on average external job applicants scored slightly higher (by an average of .10 to .20 standard deviation units). A variety of control variables had no influence on comparisons. The fourth study examined integrity test scores of job applicants in a buyer’s labor market (selection ratio = .03). Job applicants (N = 1,002) in this labor market scored .52 SD units above general job applicant norms. The variability for this group was markedly smaller. There may be small, but consistent, labor supply and demand influences on personality scale responses among job applicants.

scholarly journals Free-Market, Perfect Market and Welfare State Perspectives on “Good” Markets: an Empirical Test

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Graafland ◽  
Harmen Verbruggen
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Free Market ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Market Failures ◽  
The Government ◽  
Market Perspective ◽  
The Welfare State

AbstractThis study explores the relationship between human development and market institutions and tests the performance of three alternative economic perspectives that each assign a different role to governments. In the free-market perspective, the principal task of the government is to protect property rights. In the perfect-market perspective, the government has the additional responsibility of correcting market failures. The welfare-state perspective posits that the state must actively adopt welfare-state policies across a broad range of fields. Based on a sample of 34 OECD countries plus Russia across a time frame spanning 1990 to 2018, the results demonstrate that economic freedom and small size of government do not significantly affect human development as measured by the Human Development Index. Hence, we find no support for the free-market ideal. Conversely, it is found that human development is positively related to governmental interventions that aim to reduce externalities (public expenditure on education and environmental regulation). These results support the perfect-market perspective. With respect to the welfare-state perspective, the findings are mixed. On the one hand, we found that (some) labor market regulations (particularly hiring and firing regulations, hours regulations and mandated cost of worker dismissal) have a negative impact upon human development. On the other hand, human development is shown to be positively affected by governmental intervention seeking to reduce gender stratification in the labor market.

Human resource Development in the Digital Age: Strategic Challenges, Challenges, and Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Zabelina ◽  
Irina Omel'chenko ◽  
Anna Mayorova ◽  
Ekaterina Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Labor Supply And Demand ◽  
Internet Recruitment

The monograph, based on the identification of trends and problems of changes in the demand and supply of skills, as well as the study of modern mechanisms of their formation and actualization, substantiates the priority areas of human resources development in the Russian Federation that meet the strategic challenges of the period of digital transformation of the labor sphere. The authors identify and systematize current and future trends related to changes in the demand for professions and skills in the Russian and global labor markets. The directions of transformation of the demand for skills and professions in the conditions of digitalization of the economy, skills and professions of the future are determined. Quantitative and qualitative imbalances and trends in labor supply and demand in the Russian labor market are identified (based on statistical analysis of data from 2009-2019). The features and problems of supply and demand of professions/skills in the segments of the Russian labor market covered by Internet recruitment are identified (based on data from resume parsing and vacancies of Internet recruitment portals in 2018 and 2020). Methodological approaches to identifying widely-and poorly-demanded skills are proposed and tested during the competence analysis of labor supply and demand using Big Data technologies.the competence profile of the vacancies of the professional core and extra - skills. An innovative author's approach to assessing the potential of skills capitalization — a possible increase in the salary of an applicant due to the expansion of the set of skills that he has-is proposed and tested. The current policy directions of formation and improvement of skills of the population in the Russian Federation are identified and systematized. The strategic challenges of the period of digital transformation of the labor sphere facing the Russian Federation and the priority areas of human resources development that meet these challenges are identified. The conclusions and recommendations can be used in the work of the Ministry of Labor of Russia, Rostrud, the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia, the Ministry of Education of Russia, government authorities, employment services of the Russian regions, as well as organizations of the professional education system.

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