Migrants and the Public World in Scotland, 1885–1939: A Way Forward for Comparative Research

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terence McBride
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Church Of Scotland ◽  
Presbyterian Church ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
Industrial Economy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Host Relationships ◽  
Over Time

Large-scale migration within and to the nineteenth-century British Isles was a feature of a dynamic industrial economy. Among the migrants who specifically came to Scotland, over time increasing numbers came from Continental Europe. Facing interactions with long-established Scottish institutions such the Presbyterian Church of Scotland, they also became increasingly subject to newly-formed state institutions in Edinburgh and London. In this article, I will show how we can begin to comparatively characterise the dynamic of migrant-host relationships in the period 1885–1939, by examining a growing ‘Scottish’ administration, largely based in Edinburgh, and the ‘social spaces’ associated with migrant associational culture.

KETERTINDASAN MELAYU DALAM CERPEN “SUKU POMPONG” KARYA FEDLI AZIS DAN CERPEN “RUMAH DI UJUNG KAMPUNG” KARYA HANG KAFRAWI

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Marlina Marlina
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Land Conversion ◽  
The Public ◽  
Historical Reality ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Imaginative Literature ◽  
The Village

Reading short stories “Suku Pompong” (Pompong Tribe) and “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” (House at the End of the Village) is like reading a historical reality that is happening on the ground of Riau Malay. The exploitation of forest resources on a large scale in recent decades in Riau Province has changed the land use of the area of intact forest into plantation area. The exploitation process causes friction in the community. The friction is eventually lead to conflict between communities and plantation companies. Their struggle to resolve conflicts and maintain their ancestral land, the strength of the company that has the license to the land and sadness when the public finally has always been on the losing side. This study objected to describe the objective reality of the Malay community in terms of land conversion, the communal land into plantations and reality of imaginative literature contained in the short stories “Suku Pompong” dan “Rumah di Ujung Kampung”. This study applied the sociology of literature approach, while the sociological approach to literature is a literary approach that specializes in reviewing literature by considering the social aspects. Based on these approaches, it can be concluded that short stories Suku Pompong and Rumah di Ujung Jalan are short stories that raised the reality of the Malay community.AbstrakMembaca cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” seperti membaca sebuah realita sejarah yang terjadi di tanah Melayu Riau. Ekploitasi sumber daya hutan secara besar-besaran pada beberapa dekade terakhir di Provinsi Riau telah mengubah tata guna lahan dari kawasan hutan yang utuh menjadi kawasan perkebunan. Proses eksploitasi tersebut menimbulkan gesekan-gesekan dalam masyarakat. Gesekan-gesekan inilah yang akhirnya menimbulkan konflik antara masyarakat dengan pihak perusahaan perkebunan. Perjuangan masyarakat dalam menyelesaikan konflik dan mempertahankan tanah leluhur mereka, kekuatan pihak perusahaan yang memiliki surat izin atas tanah tersebut, dan kesedihan ketika masyarakat akhirnya selalu berada di pihak yang kalah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan realitas objektif masyarakat Melayu Riau dalam hal alih fungsi lahan, dari lahan tanah ulayat menjadi lahan perkebunan, dan realititas imajinatif sastra yang terdapat dalam cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung”. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sosiologi sastra, yaitu suatu pendekatan sastra yang mengkhususkan diri dalam menelaah karya sastra dengan mempertimbangkan segi-segi sosial kemasyarakatan. Dari pendekatan tersebut dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa cerpen “Suku Pompong” dan cerpen “Rumah di Ujung Kampung” memang merupakan cerpen yang mengangkat realitas masyarakat Melayu Riau.

Approaches to Supporting Local and Community Development

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesel Mack Filgueiras ◽  
Andreia Rabetim ◽  
Isabel Aché Pillar
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Mining Company ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Partnership ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mining Investment ◽  
The Social ◽  
Corporate Social

Reflection about the role of community engagement and corporate social investment in Brazil, associated with the presence of a large economic enterprise, is the major stimulus of this chapter. It seeks to present how cross-sector governance can contribute to the social development of a city and how this process can be led by a partnership comprising a corporate foundation, government, and civil society. The concept of the public–private social partnership (PPSP) is explored: a strategy for building a series of inter-sectoral alliances aimed at promoting the sustainable development of territories where the company has large-scale enterprises, through joint efforts towards integrated long-term strategic planning, around a common agenda. To this end, the case of Canaã dos Carajás is introduced, a municipality in the State of Pará, in the Amazon region, where large-scale mining investment is being carried out by the mining company Vale SA.

Disparity and Dynamics of Social Distancing Behaviors in Japan: An Investigation of mobile phone mobility data (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeyu Lyu ◽  
Hiroki Takikawa
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Demographic Groups ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Over Time

BACKGROUND The availability of large-scale and fine-grained aggregated mobility data has allowed researchers to observe the dynamic of social distancing behaviors at high spatial and temporal resolutions. Despite the increasing attentions paid to this research agenda, limited studies have focused on the demographic factors related to mobility and the dynamics of social distancing behaviors has not been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE This study aims to assist in the design and implementation of public health policies by exploring the social distancing behaviors among various demographic groups over time. METHODS We combined several data sources, including mobile tracking data and geographical statistics, to estimate visiting population of entertainment venues across demographic groups, which can be considered as the proxy of social distancing behaviors. Then, we employed time series analyze methods to investigate how voluntary and policy-induced social distancing behaviors shift over time across demographic groups. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate distinct patterns of social distancing behaviors and their dynamics across age groups. The population in the entertainment venues comprised mainly of individuals aged 20–40 years, while according to the dynamics of the mobility index and the policy-induced behavior, among the age groups, the extent of reduction of the frequency of visiting entertainment venues during the pandemic was generally the highest among younger individuals. Also, our results indicate the importance of implementing the social distancing policy promptly to limit the spread of the COVID-19 infection. However, it should be noticed that although the policy intervention during the second wave in Japan appeared to increase the awareness of the severity of the pandemic and concerns regarding COVID-19, its direct impact has been largely decreased could only last for a short time. CONCLUSIONS At the time we wrote this paper, in Japan, the number of daily confirmed cases was continuously increasing. Thus, this study provides a timely reference for decision makers about the current situation of policy-induced compliance behaviors. On the one hand, age-dependent disparity requires target mitigation strategies to increase the intention of elderly individuals to adopt mobility restriction behaviors. On the other hand, considering the decreasing impact of self-restriction recommendations, the government should employ policy interventions that limit the resurgence of cases, especially by imposing stronger, stricter social distancing interventions, as they are necessary to promote social distancing behaviors and mitigate the transmission of COVID-19. CLINICALTRIAL None

'Greater good' in transit

Focaal ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (46) ◽  
pp. 21-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsa Boholm
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Railway Tunnel ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
The Public ◽  
Greater Good ◽  
In Transit ◽  
Political Decisions ◽  
Organizational Logic ◽  
Over Time

Large-scale technological projects are born as visions among politicians and leaders of industry. For such visions to become real, they must be transformed from a virtual existence in the minds of their creators to a reality that can be accepted, even welcomed, by the public, not least by the communities who will become neighbors to those projects. Democracy implies that political decisions over the expenditure of public funds should answer not merely to the partial interests of stakeholders but should be accountable to the 'greater good' of society at large. Since a technological project materializes in what Latour calls a 'variable ontology-world', the greater good associated with it can be expected to be dynamic and shifting. The Hallandsås railway tunnel in southwestern Sweden illustrates how the very premises of the project's organizational logic have changed over time, the discourse of the greater good moving from an economical focus to an environmental one.

New City Domesticity and the Tenacious Second Shift

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 487-515 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer A. Johnson ◽  
Megan S. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Women's Labor ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Advice Literature ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
The Social ◽  
Second Shift ◽  
New City ◽  
City Structure

Research clearly shows that, in spite of large-scale social and political changes, women still bear the primary responsibility for housework. Research explaining the unequal division of domestic labor produces mixed results. The authors argue that the “new city” structure of the modern suburbs may be partially responsible for the tenacity of the second shift. The goal of the early suburban movement was to firmly embed women's labor in the private sphere of the isolated suburban home, leaving the public cities to men. The resulting suburban domesticity was marketed through advice literature and wartime propaganda as the ideal way to raise children, sustain better marriages, and fulfill a patriotic duty. With the return of women to the workforce, the iconic 1950s private suburb gave way to a reconstitution of the public and private through the colocation of work, home, and shopping. The authors argue that these new cities take for granted the labor of women and have developed to facilitate the second shift through the commercialization of convenience. The modern urban fringe is built to make the second shift as convenient as possible and in the process continues the social and economic expropriation of women's labor.

The “Protective State” Approach to the “Productive State” in The Wealth of Nations: The Odd Case of Lay Patronage

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles G. Leathers ◽  
J. Patrick Raines
Keyword(s):  
Civil Law ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Religious Instruction ◽  
Church Of Scotland ◽  
Presbyterian Church ◽  
Parish Church ◽  
The Social ◽  
Local Parish ◽  
Wealth Of Nations ◽  
The Right

From Jacob Viner (1927) to David A. Reisman (1998), Adam Smith's departures from an advocacy of laissez-faire in The Wealth of Nations have been interpreted by a number of scholars. In this paper, we examine one of the oddest, and perhaps least noticed, of those departures. That was Smith's defense of the civil law of lay patronage in the established Presbyterian Church of Scotland, which appears in his discussion of the social benefits and potential social costs of institutions for religious instruction. A lay patron was a non-cleric individual who held the right under civil law to select the minister of a local parish church. In Smith's time, roughly two-thirds of the lay patrons in Scotland were wealthy landowners and one-third were crown officials. In addition, municipal corporations (cities) and universities held some patronage rights.

scholarly journals The Control of Information in Traditional Media through the Social Ones

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Resul Sinani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
National Level ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
High Level

The usage of social media by Kosovar politicians is almost absolute. Politicians of all levels have their accounts on Facebook as well as other social networks. They use those for various reasons, starting from contacting the voters and supporters during the election campaigns as well as during the time they are in the office, up to presenting their stands and ideas that have do with different issues of public interest. For many of them, especially for low-level politicians the social media, mainly Facebook, have become the only place where they express themselves, since they find it almost impossible to become a part of the traditional media, especially of those on the national level, like newspapers, radio or television. Whereas for high-leveled politicians, concretely the heads of main institutions like the prime-minister, the head of parliament or the president, who refuse to be interviewed and be present in political shows where they could face questions from the journalists or the public, they are using Facebook statements in order to avoid direct questions from the journalists about the political subjects of the day. By making it impossible for them to take direct answers through their journalists the traditional media (newspapers, radio, TV) have to quote the posts that the politicians are making on Facebook. The kosovar journalists and the heads of media see this tendency of politicians, especially of the prime minister as the lack of transparency, avoidance of accountability, control of information and setting the agenda of the media. This paper attempts to argument the hypothesis that the high level politicians, the heads of main state institutions in Kosovo are controlling the information in traditional media through the usage of social media. In order to argument this hypothesis as a case study we have taken the Kosovar (ex)PM Hashim Thaçi whose almost every status and update has been quoted by the media. We have also interviewed journalists and editors of Kosovar media houses who have expressed their thoughts about the subject, while supporting the hypothesis of this paper.

scholarly journals Redes de solidariedade entre vendedores ambulantes da Rua Voluntários da Pátria, em Porto Alegre/RS

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Farfan Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Porto Alegre ◽  
Military Police ◽  
Street Vendors ◽  
The Public ◽  
Informal Trade ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production Industry ◽  
Over Time

Este artigo apresenta as redes de solidariedade dos vendedores ambulantes da Rua Voluntários da Pátria, em Porto Alegre/RS, e propõe algumas reflexões acerca dessa técnica de pesquisa como artifício metodológico para compreendê-los enquanto tribos urbanas (Maffesoli, 1998), que sustentam suas práticas de trabalho em meio vigilância da Secretaria Municipal de Produção, Indústria e Comércio (SMIC) e a Brigada Militar (BM). Através da etnografia de rua (Eckert; Rocha, 1994) e etnografia sonora (Rocha; Vedana, 2007), foi possível construir graficamente as redes de solidariedade dos vendedores ambulantes e, a partir da descrição de seus laços sociais, pode-se refletir sobre as dinâmicas sociais envolvidas no trabalho e no comércio informal no espaço público. Com essa análise, compreendem-se os diversos laços entremeados como redes de solidariedade que tornam possível certa estabilidade desses vendedores ambulantes na rua ao longo do tempo. Palavras chave: Redes de solidariedade. Vendedores ambulantes. Etnografia de rua. Trabalho.   Solidarity networks of vendors of Rua Voluntários da Pátria, in Porto Alegre/ RS   Abstract   This article presents the solidarity networks of vendors of Rua Voluntários da Pátria, in Porto Alegre / RS, and proposes some reflections about this research technique as a methodological device to understand them as urban tribes (Maffesoli, 1998), that support their social practices through monitoring of the Municipal Production, Industry and trade (SMIC) and Military Police (BM). Through ethnography of street (Eckert; Rocha, 1994) and ethnography sound (Rocha; Vedana, 2007), it was possible to construct graphically the solidarity networks of vendors, and from the description of its social links, we can reflect on the social practices involved in informal trade in the public space. With this analysis, the various links interspersed as solidarity networks can be understood, which will make possible certain stability of these vendors on the street over time. Keywords: Networks of solidarity. Street vendors. Street ethnography. Work.

scholarly journals Explaining the reception of the Code Napoleon in Germany: a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis

Legal Studies ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
TT Arvind ◽  
Lindsay Stirton
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Fuzzy Set ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽  
Legal Analysis ◽  
Central State ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
German States ◽  
The Social ◽  
Diversity Control

This paper examines the diverse responses of the German states to the Code Napoleon at the beginning of the nineteenth century. These states differed both in the extent to which they adopted the Code, and the extent to which they retained the Code after Napoleon's influence waned. In order to identify the causes of adoption and retention of the Code, we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA). This method is now well established in comparative research in the social sciences but has been little used in comparative legal analysis. We find the following to be among the conditions relevant to the reception of the Code: territorial diversity, control by Napoleon, central state institutions, a feudal economy and society, liberal (enlightented absolutist) rule, nativism among the governing elites and popular anti-French sentiment. The paper also serves to demonstrate the potential of fsQCA as a method for comparative lawyers.

scholarly journals The Negative Perceptions of Apartment Culture as Represented in Korean Films during the 1970s–1990s

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 3013
Author(s):  
Guen-Jong Moon
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Products ◽  
Relative Poverty ◽  
The Public ◽  
Popular Films ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Perceptions ◽  
Apartment Complexes ◽  
Shed Light

Popular films, which are cultural products, inevitably reflect the social and architectural culture of the time and the thoughts and interests of the public. This study analyzes the negative perceptions of apartment culture to verify how the negative characteristics of apartment housing were recognized by the general Korean public in a socio-cultural manner. For the analysis, a pool of artistically and publicly renowned Korean films between 1970 and 1999 was constructed. Through the scenes and their respective scripts, the characters, stories, cinematic messages, and architectural spaces were analyzed. The 1970s and 1980s films shed light on the large-scale, uniformly developed apartment complexes to reveal apartments as lonely, anonymous, closed spaces of the urban middle class. During the 1980s–1990s, the negative aspects of apartment developments were highlighted. These include a loss of place and memory, the disintegration of family, the deepening of relative poverty, and standardized desolated scenery. Negative perceptions toward apartments intensified in the 1990s to reveal a lack of communication between neighbors, externality, misunderstanding, and distrust. By diagnosing the Korean public’s negative view of apartments, this study will help find a better housing culture and the positive sustainability of apartments.

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