The Voice and the Echo of Romantic Poetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-29
Author(s):  
György Eisemann

The inherence of textuality and meaning in the relation of the voice and the reading in the lyrical discourse appears with a special intensity. In the romantic poetry the materialisation of language into pure signals is presented as the threat of the speech with the termination of the co-existence of writing and voicing. The modern poetry tries to bridge this fracture, makes huge efforts for the co-operation between message and channels of the transmission. The echo is that romantic motif and rhyme technical method, which first brings to scene the difference between voice and speaker. It makes the words hearable in such a manner that their direct source is already not the subject of the language. For example E. A. Poe’s poem (The Raven) implements a „materializing” process, consequently the immateriality of the memory may be incarnated in the voice of speaker, and in the heard and loudly repeated pronoun („nevermore”). This metamorphosis manifests the hidden, authentic meaningful capability of language, that was considered until then as only a denoting-semiotic structure. This way the romanticism ties the signs of the paper sheet and their sounding to the immateriality of human voice and seems to have been unavoidable until our days as regards the poetic existence of language.

After premising a brief description of the system of organs which are subservient to the voice, the author proceeds to consider the several theories which have been devised to account for its various modifications. These theories have, for the most part, been founded on the laws which regulate the vibratory movements of stretched membranous surfaces; and the investigation of those laws has accordingly occupied the attention of many eminent mathematicians, such as Euler, Bernoulli, Riccati, Biot, Poisson and Herschel; but it is a subject requiring the most profound analysis, and involving the resolution of problems of much greater complexity than the laws of the vibrations of either strings or bars. The assumptions which are necessary in order to bring the subject within the reach of analysis, namely, that the membrane is homogeneous in its substance, and of equal thickness and elasticity throughout its whole extent, are at variance with the actual conditions of the vocal organs, which are composed of tissues differing in thickness, density and elasticity, and of which the tension is indeterminate; circumstances which present insuperable obstacles to the attainment of a mathematical theory of their vibrations. The author, after giving a critical account of the experiments made by Biot, Willis, Müller, Cagniard la Tour and De Kempelin on the vibrations of membranous laminae, examines the various actions of the vocal organs during the production of the more simple tones; and considers more especially the office of the vocal ligaments, in regulating the pitch of the voice, which he considers as resulting from variations in their length and tension conjointly. By applying to the chordæ vocales the formulæ of vibrating cords, he traces the influence which is exerted on their movements by the mucous membranes; and finds that they obey, to a certain extent, the laws of vibrating strings.


2015 ◽  
pp. 63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Laugier

This paper studies the concept of form of life as central to ordinary language philosophy (as understood in Wittgenstein’s, Austin’s and Stanley Cavell’s work): philosophy of our language as spoken; pronounced by a human voice within a form of life. Such an approach to Wittgenstein’s later philosophy shifts the question of the common use of language – central to Wittgenstein’s Investigations – to the definition of the subject as voice, and to the reinvention of subjectivity in language. The voice is both a subjective and common expression: it is what makes it possible for my individual voice, or claim, to become shared and for our forms of life to be intertwined with a lifeform.


1973 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Poitras ◽  
A. Thorkildsen ◽  
M.A. Gagnon ◽  
J. Naiman

Pregnant and postpartum women were presented with auditory stimuli, of from 10 to 70 decibels, of baby's cries, a woman's voice saying “baby is crying” and a speech noise during stage 2, stage REM and slow-wave stages of sleep. The subjects were awakened with increasing difficulty in the above-given order of stages, and with increasing facility going from speech noise to human voice to baby's cry, in that order. There was an overall lowering of awakening threshold after delivery. All the differences found were statistically significant, except that the difference between the voice saying “baby is crying” and the tape-recorded baby's cry was not significant. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (27) ◽  
pp. 174-181
Author(s):  
Jinan F. Mahdi

Quantitative analysis of human voice has been subject of interest and the subject gained momentum when human voice was identified as a modality for human authentication and identification. The main organ responsible for production of sound is larynx and the structure of larynx along with its physical properties and modes of vibration determine the nature and quality of sound produced. There has been lot of work from the point of view of fundamental frequency of sound and its characteristics. With the introduction of additional applications of human voice interest grew in other characteristics of sound and possibility of extracting useful features from human voice. We conducted a study using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) technique to analyze human voice to identify different frequencies present in the voice with their relative proportion while pronouncing selected words like numbers. Details of findings are presented


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Noorlela Binti Noordin ◽  
Abdul Razaq Ahmad ◽  
Anuar Ahmad

This study was aimed to evaluate the Malay proficiency among students in Form Two especially non-Malay students and its relationship to academic achievement History. To achieve the purpose of the study there are two objectives, the first is to look at the difference between mean of Malay Language test influences min of academic achievement of History subject among non-Malay students in Form Two and the second is the relationship between the level of Malay proficiency and their academic achievement for History. This study used quantitative methods, which involved 100 people of Form Two non-Malay students in one of the schools in Klang, Selangor. This study used quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical inference with IBM SPSS Statistics v22 software. This study found that there was a relationship between the proficiency of Malay language among non-Malay students with achievements in the subject of History. The implications of this study are discussed in this article.


2019 ◽  
pp. 74-98
Author(s):  
A.B. Lyubinin

Review of the monograph indicated in the subtitle V.T. Ryazanov. The reviewer is critical of the position of the author of the book, believing that it is possible and even necessary (to increase the effectiveness of General economic theory and bring it closer to practice) substantial (and not just formal-conventional) synthesis of the Marxist system of political economy with its non-Marxist systems. The article emphasizes the difference between the subject and the method of the classical, including Marxist, school of political economy with its characteristic objective perception of the subject from the neoclassical school with its reduction of objective reality to subjective assessments; this excludes their meaningful synthesis as part of a single «modern political economy». V.T. Ryazanov’s interpretation of commodity production in the economic system of «Capital» of K. Marx as a purely mental abstraction, in fact — a fiction, myth is also counter-argued. On the issue of identification of the discipline «national economy», the reviewer, unlike the author of the book, takes the position that it is a concrete economic science that does not have a political economic status.


Author(s):  
Susan Mitchell Sommers

This chapter introduces the family: father Edmund, a shoemaker turned bookseller, and his three or four wives, their social and religious status, questions of literacy and formal education. The children are introduced more or less in their birth order: Kezia, Ebenezer, Manoah, Job, and Charity. The difficulties of tracing women is discussed. Particular attention is paid to Kezia, who was the subject of one of Ebenezer’s astrological cases, and Charity, who left a decades-long trail through official records, marking her as one of the most economically savvy members of the family. Since many of the Sibly men took shorthand, there is a brief discussion of contemporary shorthand uses, accuracy, and to what extent shorthand takers preserved the voice of the speaker. Ebenezer’s daughter Urania is also introduced, though like Ebenezer and Manoah, she has her own chapter later in the work


Author(s):  
Lexi Eikelboom

This book argues that, as a pervasive dimension of human existence with theological implications, rhythm ought to be considered a category of theological significance. Philosophers and theologians have drawn on rhythm—patterned movements of repetition and variation—to describe reality, however, the ways in which rhythm is used and understood differ based on a variety of metaphysical commitments with varying theological implications. This book brings those implications into the open, using resources from phenomenology, prosody, and the social sciences to analyse and evaluate uses of rhythm in metaphysical and theological accounts of reality. The analysis relies on a distinction from prosody between a synchronic approach to rhythm—observing the whole at once and considering how various dimensions of a rhythm hold together harmoniously—and a diachronic approach—focusing on the ways in which time unfolds as the subject experiences it. The text engages with the twentieth-century Jesuit theologian Erich Przywara alongside thinkers as diverse as Augustine and the contemporary philosopher Giorgio Agamben, and proposes an approach to rhythm that serves the concerns of theological conversation. It demonstrates the difference that including rhythm in theological conversation makes to how we think about questions such as “what is creation?” and “what is the nature of the God–creature relationship?” from the perspective of rhythm. As a theoretical category, capable of expressing metaphysical commitments, yet shaped by the cultural rhythms in which those expressing such commitments are embedded, rhythm is particularly significant for theology as a phenomenon through which culture and embodied experience influence doctrine.


In the present communications the effect of oxygen upon the fermentation of glucose and upon the growth of the bacteria, in so far as this affects fermentation, is considered. To this end the organisms have been grown both aerobically and anaerobically, and subsequently made to ferment glucose, both aerobically and anaerobically, with the object of comparing the products of decomposition in the two cases. There are clearly two problems : firstly, the effect of exposure to oxygen during growth upon the subsequent fermentation, whether aerobic or anaerobic, and, secondly, the effect of oxygen admitted during the fermentation. The first question relates to the part played by oxygen in the formation of enzymes, the second to the part played by oxygen in their action on carbohydrates. The first question is considered, though in but a preliminary way, in Section A, the second, more fully, in Section B. Section A. Object of the Experiments . Two results were aimed at in these experiments. Firstly, to compare the products of fermentation of glucose anaerobically, after anaerobic growth, with the products of fermentation anaerobically after previous growth aerobically. And, secondly, to obtain information as to the effect of introducing oxygen during the fermentation itself. This latter consideration, however, though brought to notice by these experiments, is considered only incidentally here because it forms the subject of Section B. In the present section we wish to direct attention particularly to those differences which exist between the fermentation after anaerobic and aerobic growth, not upon the effect of aeration during the fermentation. To point out the difference which previous growth aerobically or anaerobically has made, several analyses from previous experiments are included in Table IV side by side with the completely anaerobic experiments of Tables I, II, and III.


Author(s):  
Naoko Saito

This article broaches what can sometimes be seen as the suppression of the female voice, sometimes the repression of the feminine. To address these matters involves the reconsideration of the political discourse that pervades education and educational research. This article is an attempt to disclose inequity in apparently equitable space, through the acknowledgment of the voice of disequilibrium. It proposes to re-place the subject of philosophy, and the subject of woman, through an alternative idea of the feminine voice in philosophy. It tries to reconfigure the female voice without negating its fated biological origin and traits, and yet avoiding the confining of thought to the constraints of gender divides. In terms of education, it shall argue for the conversation of justice as a way of cultivating the feminine voice in philosophy: as the voice of disequilibrium. This is an occasion of mutual destabilization and transformation of man and woman, crossing gender divides, and preparing an alternative route to political criticism that not only reclaims the rights of women but releases the thinking of men and women, laying the way for a better, more pluralist, and more democratic politics. The feminine voice can find a way beyond the dominance of instrumental rationality and calculative thinking in the discourse on equity itself. And it can, one might reasonably hope, have an impact on the curriculum of university education.


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