What has Happened to the Object?

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78
Author(s):  
Gábor Kovács
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Jack London ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Special Aspect ◽  
Common Process ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Theory Of Discourse ◽  
Mode Of Being ◽  
Familiar Objects

It is well known that one of the most important questions of Bakhtin’s theory of discourse (теория прозаического слова) is the “image in artistic prose” (образ прозаического слова). In his widely read essay Discourse in the Novel, Bakhtin gives a detailed analysis of the word (слово), which “on all its various routes toward the object, in all its directions, [the word] encounters an alian word and cannot help encountering it in a living, tension-filled interaction”. Bakhtin named this phenonemon “the internal dialogism of the word”. According to his theory, the specificity of prose language (the “image in artistic prose”) consists of this kind of dialogism. There is a common process in each and every short story and novel: the prose language always prevents “the intention of the word, that is, its directionality toward the object”. Prose language sets the word against all the alien words and evaluations that are directed toward the same object. That is how the “dialogized image” emerges. While the subject of discourse seems to disappear behind the mass of words, the image of the object manifests itself in its greatest richness. It is easy to apply Bakhtin’s prose theory to the analysis of those words that are directed toward non-ostensive objects in a short story or a novel. In the cases of words like crime, punishment, war, peace, pride, prejudice, sense, sensibility and so on, the directed objects are non-ostensive, they have a discursive mode of being, so they are open to dispute. But prose language has another special aspect that is said to be―by other theroists―as typical as dialogism: the detailed description or depiction. Descriptive discourse in prose language always uses words that are directed to ostensive objects―to familiar objects that are hard to argue for or against. It is quite rare to hear quarrels over the meaning of words like chair, table, window, room, tree, knife and so on; and obviously it would be going too far to say that all these words “form concepts of their objects in a dialogic way”. But all these do not mean that the descriptive utterances of prose language are lacking in dialogism. My main aim is to revise and re-define the analysis of the processes of descriptive discourse in prose language with the help of Bakhtin’s theory of dialogism. How does prose language over-dialogize all those words that are directed toward ostensive objects? What happens to the ostensive object when it becomes a verbal “image in artistic prose”? A short story by Jack London―The Law of Life―will help me to develop these problems.

scholarly journals Immigrants in Finland as a Problem Discussed in Leena Lehtolainen’s Minne Tytöt Kadonneet

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
Martyna Kokotkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Crime Fiction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Subject ◽  
Racial Hatred ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Different Cultures

Abstract Leena Lehtolainen belongs to the most appreciated Finnish authors of crime fiction. One of the significant features of her works is that she discusses some most alarming social issues in them. The problem concerning immigration and its different aspects can definitely be considered as an example of such an issue. Since the problem of cultural antagonisms, racial hatred and xenophobia has been widely discussed by many other Scandinavian authors of crime fiction as well, it is worth analyzing how Lehtolainen herself approaches the problem. The aim of this article is to discuss some aspects concerning the problems of immigrant societies in Finland, basing on one of Leena Lehtolainen’s novels, Minne tytöt kadonneet, which main subject could be described as a collision of two completely different cultures and attitudes to the reality. Its aim is not, however, to discuss any formal aspects of the text, since such a kind of detailed analysis cannot be the subject of one article only. That is why the article concentrates on the plot of the novel and its possible relations to some actual problems the Finnish society faces. Taking it all into consideration it may be seen as an introduction to a wider analysis of Leena Lehtolainen’s works.

scholarly journals Shaymaa Neamah Mohammed ALMKHELIF

2022 ◽  
Vol 04 (01) ◽  
pp. 192-200
Author(s):  
Sevsen Aziz HILAYIF
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Historical Novel ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Short Summary ◽  
The People ◽  
Turkish Literature ◽  
Turkish People ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Orhan Pamuk

Orhan Pamuk is considered one of the most important novelists and short story writers in Turkish Literature. The full name is Ferit Orhan Pamuk. He was born in Istanbul in 1952. He is now 69 year old and still alive. He is considered the first Turkish writer who wins Noble Prize for literature for the year 2006. He won several other prizes, one of which is Noble Prize because he has several short stories and novels. The White Castle is one of the most important novels for the author Orhan Pamuk who won the Noble Prize. It is considered a historical novel that belongs to the Ottoman Empire era in the 17th century. The novel revolves on one of the passengers who travels to Napoli through the sea. The Ottoman pirates captivate him and sell him to one of the Turkish people as slave. Both the master and the slave almost share the same features although they are from different geographic areas. The novel deals with the similarities and differences among the people of the and the people of the west in an accurate way. The concept of dream is to wish something favorable in the future. There were several types and ways of daydreams. This concept is different from one person to another. This term cannot be clearly defined because of its subjective nature. It appears in a very wide area, from the ability to maintain the thing dreamt to achieve to the world of dreams of the dreamer. Hence, the reality of daydreams is a wonderful art that is different from one person to another. We start the research by giving inclusive summary. In the Introduction, there is short summary for the life and literary personality of the Turkish author Orhan Pamuk as well as his works. The research introduces information about the novel which is the subject of the research paper. It introduces, through detailed study for the novel The White Castle, a detailed explanation about the art of dreams.

scholarly journals ASPECTS OF NARRATIVE IN THE PROSE OF WRITER PETRO MARKO

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Antela Voulis
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Creative Work ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Critical Studies ◽  
Prose Style ◽  
Poetic Expression ◽  
The Subject

Petro Marko is considered by critics as one of the founders of modern Albanian prose. Scientific assessments of Petro Markos’s creativity are mainly based on long and short prose, in the form of genuine critical studies, short predictions, comments and analysis. There are papers of this nature written by scholars such as: Floresha Dado, Adriatik Kallulli, Bashkim Kuçuku, Ali Aliu, Robert Elsie and many others. The subject matter of these articles varies from simple information to moments of writer’s life, to genuine studies and analysis regarding interpretation and explanation of different elements of the structure of his literary works. In this case, we would like to highlight an article written by the author Bashkim Kuçuku, namely the novel “A name on four streets”. In this particular paper, Kucuku discusses the symbolism of the novel’s title, that even in its metaphorical form didn’t escape the punishment of dictatorship censure, closely connected with the tragic fate that followed Petro Marko. And by doing so the researcher gives us a detailed insight of the connection between his work and a broader background of Marco’s biography. In this context, together with the detailed analysis of the novel’s title, we will find the key point that paves the way for penetrating the original metaphor and symbolism of the story. According to Kuçuku, Petro Marko is a dignified, idealist, as well a stoic writer for justice and social equality. It is precisely this book, “A name in four ways”, that distinctly portrays the aforementioned author as one of the leading writers of prose in Albania and this work is one of his most distinguished among all the others. It is the aim of this study to harmonize the internal narrative analysis of the prose style with the poetic expression of all Petro Mario’s creative work.

scholarly journals Ada’s Penmanship To the publication of an excerpt from the Russian translation of Nabokov’s novel

Literary Fact ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 8-67
Author(s):  
Andrei Babikov
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Archival Material ◽  
Utopian Fiction ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Family Chronicle

The material offered to the readers is a translation into Russian, with extensive notes, of an excerpt from the First Part of Vladimir Nabokov’s novel Ada, or Ardor: A Family Chronicle (1969). The published material consists of a translator’s Preface, five chapters from the novel, notes by V.V. Nabokov and the translator’s annotations. The Preface to the publication describes the creative and biographical circumstances of the creation of one of the most significant and controversial novels of the twentieth century, and indicates the sources of its conception, which goes back to the English short story of Nabokov Time and Ebb (1944), and considers its formal peculiarities. The Preface outlines the basic principles of Ada’s poetics, which distinguish it from the number of other works of the outstanding master and innovator of prose and affect it’s readers perception, such as: deliberate complexity of the narrative technique and an unprecedented variety of language tools used by Nabokov. The author of the Preface draws attention to the fact that the subtitle of the novel, indicating that it belongs to the genre of family chronicles, serves as one of the elements of Nabokov’s game poetics, since the classical tradition becomes the subject of parody in Ada. The novel is considered by the author of the Preface and translator of Ada as a grand compendium of European literature of Modern period, as an experiment in combining many varieties of the novel, from pastoral and Enlightenment utopian fiction of the 16– 17 centuries to the Nouveau roman of the 1950s and 1960s. The new Russian version of Nabokov’s most untranslatable novel took into account detailed annotations (in progress) by B. Boyd, works by A. Appel, Jr., and other researches, observations by one of the German translators of Ada, D. Zimmer, and the text of the French translation of the novel, which was prepared under Nabokov’s supervision. The Preface to the publication and the translator’s annotations involve archival material, in particular the draft of several chapters of the Russian translation of Ada, prepared by Véra Nabokov.

scholarly journals To the problem of intertextuality of “Fandorin corpus” by B. Akunin “Planet Water” and “Froth on the Daydream” by Boris Vian

Litera ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
Kamilla Fezameddinovna Gereikhanova ◽  
Oksana Vasilevna Afanaseva
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
French Literature ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Japanese Literature ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Boris Vian ◽  
Intertextual Dialogue

This article is dedicated to the questions of intertextual dialogue in modern Russian literature on the example of allusions to the novel “Froth on the Daydream” by Boris Vian in the novel “Planet Water” by B. Akunin. The object of this research is the game with audience used by B. Akunin, which allows broadening the context of perception of the novel through intertextual links. The subject of this research is the forms and ways of manifestation of intertextual dialogue of the two works – “Planet Water” and “Froth on the Daydream”, as well as their interaction through the literary works of antiquity and Japanese legends. The authors examine the references to B. Vian’s novel, describing their role in text of the narrative. The article employs comparative, contextual,l and hermeneutical analysis. The interaction of the corpus of texts about Fandorin with the works of Russian, English and Japanese literature is subject to detailed analysis. The texts of B. Akunin about Erast Fandorin abound with various references to the Russian and foreign literary works. The scientific novelty is define by the fact that this article is first to draw parallels with the French literature. The article determines and substabtiates intertextual links of “Planet Water” with “Froth on the Daydream”, which manifest through the key images and onomastic system of the novel. These links should attributed to hidden, encrypted intertext, cryptotext; in order to grasp such text, the reader must be familiar with the primary source. The presence of intertextual dialogue broadens the context of perception of the detective story and associate it with the genre of dystopia and parody.

scholarly journals THE CAUCASUS IN THE NOVEL “HERO OF OUR TIME” IN THE RECEPTION OF THE RESEACHERS FROM THE USA

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 635-640
Author(s):  
N.E. Kuptsova
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Russian Literature ◽  
Local People ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
The Caucasus ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Subject

The article gives the detailed analysis of the perception of Caucasus in the novel “Hero of our time” by the researches from the USA. The subject is investigated in the chronological and conceptual context, showing the different angles of interest: most researches in the first instance see the problem of the empire creation and the treatment of local people, in the second instance they are interested in the perception of the Caucasus war by Russian officers and some of them highlight the Caucasus as the beautiful illustration to the novel scenes. The opinions of the researchers from the USA with regards to the perception of the Caucasus war by Lermontov are divided. Some of them see him being insensitive to the topic of colonization, while other authors find that he has made significant progress and put Russian literature on a completely different way of depicting the Caucasian war.

scholarly journals Beyond Translation: Clarity, Sensitivity, and Artistry in Benedict Anderson’s Reading of Indonesian Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Novita Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
English Translation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Foreignizing Translation ◽  
Pragmatic Equivalence

This research was to reconfirm Anderson’s theory (and praxis) of translation, i.e., transfer of language and culture from one to another with clarity, sensitivity, and high artistry. The analytical method used the application of diverse translation strategies to achieve pragmatic equivalence, i.e., the use of footnotes and foreignization-domestication principles. To consolidate the discussion, this research examined closely Anderson’s English translation of part of Titie Said’s “Bidadari” in his analysis of the novel and his translation of Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s short story “Nyonya Dokter Hewan Suharko”. The results indicate that what appears in his translation work is a broad range of discourses that help expound foreign-language (in this case English) intelligibility from the translating (Indonesian) one. His treatment of domesticating and the foreignizing translation is critically done owing to his gift of interests, passion, and persistence in the subject.

scholarly journals Narrative Genres and the Administration of Consciousness : The Case of Daisy Goodwill's Rebellion

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
María Jesús Hernáez Lerena
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Carol Shields ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Way ◽  
Fictional Autobiography

The Stone Diaries (1993), a novel by Carol Shields, examines the strategies characters use to render their selves accountable: they turn life into an ensemble made up of historical, scientific, novelistic or biographical discourse. In contrast, Daisy Goodwill, who is the subject-matter of this fictional autobiography, remains close to the epistemology of the short story, whose potential has been described by critics as a challenge to knowledge or synthesis (Cortázar 1973; Bayley 1988; Leitch 1989, May 1994; Trussler 1996). There seems to be agreement that the only condition of coherence necessary for the short story is a pointing to the evasion of meaning in life, also that the genre allies itself to the way in which the past is attached to our memory (Kosinski 1978; Hallet 1998; Lohafer 1998; Wolff 2000). This essay will analyze the implications of its protagonist’s stance with a view to pinning down some of the ideological grounds of the novel and of the short story in their approach to the question of identity.

scholarly journals La ricezione delle opere di Giorgio Bassani in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 309-316
Author(s):  
Irena Prosenc
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Global Strategy ◽  
Film Adaptation ◽  
The Novel ◽  
World War ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Selection Of

The article examines the reception of Giorgio Bassani’s works in Slovenia. The current state of translations of Bassani’s works into Slovene is characteristic of the availability of Slovene editions of Italian authors, which often seems desultory despite the relatively high number of literary translations from Italian published after World War II. In the past, the translations were typically published later than the original texts and without a global strategy. This situation partly persists to the present day: whilst the translations of some authors are sufficiently present, others continue to be absent, which is probably due to the limitations of the Slovene book market. As few as three of Bassani’s texts have been translated into Slovene, namely the novel Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini (1978), translated by Stabej, excerpts from the short story Una lapide in via Mazzini (1994), translated by Ožbot, and a selection of poems from In rima e senza (2008), translated by Dekleva. Il giardino dei Finzi-Contini, the only text to have been translated in an unabridged version, was also the subject of linguistic research by Miklič and Premrl. Whilst no doubt interesting for specialists, the results of their research most likely did not reach a wider public. Even though the translation of Bassani’s novel was followed by the release of the film adaptation, whilst the poetry collection received critical acclaim, Bassani remains a relatively little-known author in Slovenia to this day. Moreover, as many as thirteen years have passed since the publication of the last translation.

scholarly journals Metalepsa jako strategia narracyjna w dziełach literackich i filmowych (analiza zjawiska na wybranych przykładach)

2015 ◽  
pp. 384-475
Author(s):  
Magdalena Karkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Narrative Strategy ◽  
Forbidden Transition ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Gerard Genette ◽  
Ontological Uncertainty

Logically forbidden transition, the impossible transgression, fictional characters moving through the boundaries between levels of (un)reality and the attempt to cross the ‘frames’ of artistic presentation constitute the essence of the subject of this dissertation: the metalepsis. This term, originally derived from the rhetoric, was annexed to narratology field in 1972 by a French theoretician, Gérard Genette. In his book Figures III, he described a narrative metalepsis (ʻla métalepse narrativeʼ) as ʻany intrusion by the extradiegetic narrator or narratee into the diegetic universe (or by diegetic characters into a metadiegetic universe, etc.), or the inverse.ʼ The definition became a starting point for further research on metalepsis, which in recent years has gained particular popularity in Western Europe. It was noticed that metalepsis is particularly characterized by the comic potential and Woody Allen’s movie ‘Purple Rose of Cairo’ is a perfect example of it. However, the influence range of this figure seems to go far beyond the mere evocation of emotions. The analyzed examples of the use of metalepsis as a narrative strategy, for example a short story written by Julio Cortázar The Continuity of Parks, have emphasized the specificity of impact of this figure on the recipient. By corresponding with such phenomena as ʻmise en abymeʼ or ʻtext in the textʼ, metalepsis draws attention to the recipients, the readers or the viewers themselves and puts them in ontological uncertainty concerning their own existence. Since heroes of the fictional worlds can move between levels of diegesis, leave the novel or the cinema screen, read the book about their own fate or suddenly realize that they are the imaginary creatures created by some higher creative’s instance and ruled by a higher order, then how can we be sure that we are for r e a l ?

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