The Russian Constitutional Court and the Judicial Use of Comparative Law: A Problematic Relationship

2019 ◽  
pp. 531-566
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Problematic Relationship

scholarly journals Universalismo y particularismo en el Tribunal Constitucional. Sobre su uso (y abuso) de los precedentes extranjeros

2018 ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Ángel Aday Jiménez Alemán
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Accepted Practice

El siguiente trabajo ofrece elementos con los que analizar una práctica pacíficamente aceptada de nuestro Tribunal Constitucional, escasamente aborda por la doctrina española, pero no por ello menos contradictoria: El uso de Derecho comparado, y, específicamente, de precedentes extranjeros. Se realiza un análisis sistemático tanto empírico como teórico de las resoluciones en las que ha sido utilizado como parte de los fundamentos jurídicos.This paper provides elements to analyse the peacefully accepted practice of using comparative law by the Spanish Constitutional Court. This paper is focus on the use of foreign precedents. It is a contradictory practice although still not explored by the Spanish legal scholarship. In this sense, this paper contributes with a systematic empirical and theoretical analysis of the Spanish Court’s decisions where foreign precedents are referenced at the legal groundings

Part 3 Institutional Control of Constitutionalism, 3.3 The Turkish Constitutional Court as Defender of the Raison d’Etat ?

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Can Osman
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Democratic Legitimacy ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Institutional Control ◽  
Democratic Culture ◽  
Islamic World ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Raison D’État ◽  
Turkish Constitution

This chapter examines the power relations creating the Turkish Constitution and the constitutional court, the structure of this court, and judicial precedents it has set. It addresses questions such as: Is it sufficient to base the constitution simply on “power relations,” or if it is also necessary to ensure its democratic legitimacy? Will the constitution and the structure of Turkey's constitutional judiciary, with its special place in the Islamic world regarding societal pluralism and democratic culture, be able to provide a positive comparative law paradigm for countries trying to democratize?

The Two Modes of Foreign Engagement by the Constitutional Court of Korea

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Soojin Kong
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Rigid Structure ◽  
Foreign Law

Abstract The Constitutional Court of Korea (CCK) has engaged with foreign law and practices in two distinct manners. While the CCK has interacted with foreign constitutional adjudicatory organs outside the courtroom, it has also developed comparative law practices inside the courtroom. This article aims to examine the interaction between the CCK's two modes of foreign engagement. The chronological inquiry, substantiated by the interviews with former and current legal practitioners of the CCK, demonstrates the gap between the CCK's two modes of foreign engagement. The CCK's evolving extrajudicial activities have provided the repositories of information adequate for the deliberation of individual cases. However, the CCK's rigid structure for comparative law practices, which was established in its initial years to learn from traditionally influential jurisdictions, restricts these repositories from being fully utilised inside the courtroom. The CCK's failure to fully incorporate its developments in its extrajudicial activities into comparative law practices disallows the CCK to grasp an evolving picture of foreign constitutional adjudicatory organs.

scholarly journals O Supremo Tribunal Federal e o Argumento de Direito Constitucional Comparado: Uma Leitura Empírica a partir dos Casos de Liberdade de Expressão no Brasil / The Supreme Court and the Comparative Constitutional Law’s Argument: An Empirical Reading from the Cases of Freedom of Expression in Brasil

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Caballero Lois ◽  
Gabriel Lima Marques
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Cases Study ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

Resumo: O presente artigo tem por escopo verificar empiricamente quais são as peculiaridades que envolvem o uso do argumento de direito constitucional comparado no Supremo Tribunal Federal. Para tanto, valendo-se da coleta de dados obtidos a partir de um estudo de casos pertencentes à jurisprudência do Supremo, nos quais a liberdade de expressão constava como matéria em debate, serão apresentadas as características quantitativas e qualitativas que permeiam tal práxis. A partir daí, consoante à leitura dos acórdãos e desempenhadas as devidas considerações com fulcro em instrumental bibliográfico específico, será traçado um perfil da corte constitucional brasileira no particular do mencionado exercício, onde serão por fim fornecidas as conclusões que apontam para um uso em geral, descontextualizado e carente de metodologiaPalavras-chave: Direito Constitucional; Direito Comparado; Suprema CorteAbstract: This article has for scope, verify empirically which are the peculiarities that involves the use of comparative constitutional law's argument in Brazilian Supreme Court. To achieve this, using a set of data obtained from a cases study that belongs to the jurisprudence of the Supreme Court, and in which ones the freedom of expression consisted as a matter for debate, will be presented the quantitative and qualitative characteristics that permeate this practice. From there, according with the reading of the judgments and performed the appropriate considerations with  fulcrum in a specific bibliographic instrumental, we will in the end, trace a profile of the Brazilian constitutional court in this sense, and present the findings that pointing to an use in general, decontextualized and with a lacking of methodology.Keywords: Constitutional Law; Comparative Law; Supreme Court

Chasing Rainbows: 2005–2020

2021 ◽  
pp. 253-294
Author(s):  
Justin Collings
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Problematic Relationship ◽  
Constitutional Justice ◽  
The Government

This chapter highlights how the Constitutional Court of South Africa has engaged with the memory of apartheid since 2005. It shows how many of the patterns of earlier years persisted—aggressive invocations of apartheid in cases of criminal law or criminal procedure, or when the political stakes were low, but more reticence when confronting the government or applying socio-economic rights provisions. But there was a definite sea change as the Court increasingly confronted the clientelism, cronyism, and corruption that had become endemic to uninterrupted single-party rule. In 2016, the Court dramatically invoked the memory of apartheid to underwrite its decision requiring President Jacob Zuma and his abettors to repay the millions spent from the public treasury on a “security upgrade” to the president’s private residence in Nkandla. The chapter concludes by noting the problematic relationship between constitutional justice and collective memory, and describing how the Court, although it recognizes the problem, nonetheless remains committed to adjudicating in the present by the light of the past.

scholarly journals Freedom of religion versus freedom of business management in Spain: Spanish Case-law analyzed in the light of “reasonable accommodation” figure according to Canadian Case-law

2017 ◽  
pp. 55-70
Author(s):  
Lola Borges Blázquez
Keyword(s):  
Business Management ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Religious Practice ◽  
Reasonable Accommodation ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Labour Relations ◽  
Legal Duty ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Market Needs

The Canadian case-law figure of reasonable accommodation has not found a favourable reception in the Spanish Case-law. Proof of this is the STC 19/1985 judgement of the Spanish Constitutional Court, which affirms that the giving of a different weekly rest because of a religious belief would be a reasonable exception, but it is not imperative for the entrepreneur to grant it. Accommodation is not compulsory neither for Canadian courts, since this obligation to accommodate must be within the limits of “reasonability”. Even if several justified reasons can be put forward to refuse the accommodation, Canadian courts opt for the imposition of this legal duty to reconcile religious practice demands with labour market needs. Taking into consideration that accommodation does not happen spontaneously and that bona fide in labour relations is not enough, it is advisable to look for good practices in comparative Law to deal with this kind of conflicts.Published online: 11 December 2017

scholarly journals Structure of the Constitutional Courts in Comparative Law: Macedonia, Turkey, Germany, Austria, France, Italy and Spain

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebru Karaman
Keyword(s):  
Working Condition ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Fundamental Rights ◽  
Employee Rights ◽  
Judicial Power ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fundamental Rights And Freedoms

When the legislative has delimited rights and freedoms illegally, Constitutional Court should step in as an efficient assurance and this forcefulness is undoubtedly related to the structure of the Constitutional Court. The Constitutional Court's organization and election of the members of the Constitutional Court and status have a great importance for freedom of the Court. As a matter of fact, the only way to protect people’s fundamental rights and freedoms is possible with independent verdict. Judiciary which fulfills the function of judgment behalf of the nation and the judges who hold the judicial power, have an indispensable importance. The assurance of people’s right and freedoms could be provided only, when the court has accomplished their mission away from all kinds of pressure and influence. The freedom of judges also means their appointments, employee rights and working condition therefore; in first place, the organization of the Turkish Constitutional Court (General Assembly, Department, Division, Commission), then the election of members of the Turkish Constitutional Court and the status are compared with the regulation of Macedonia, Germany, Austria, France, Italy and Spain.

scholarly journals Network Analysis and Legal Scholarship

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-700
Author(s):  
Niels Petersen ◽  
Emanuel V. Towfigh
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Special Section ◽  
German Law ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
European Court ◽  
Detailed Assessment

In their contribution in this issue Mattias Derlén and Johan Lindholm use social network analysis to show that the European Court of Justice is a precedent-driven constitutional court that is comparable to the US Supreme Court with regard to the citation of precedents. The article and its use of network analysis as a method provoked a lively debate on the editorial board of theGerman Law Journalabout comparative law theory and methods generally and the place of empirical (including network) analyses in the comparative law discipline. For this reason, the editorial board commissioned this “special section” of contributions dedicated broadly to approaches to comparative law. In his essay in this section, for example, Jens Frankenreiter offers a detailed assessment of Derlén's and Lindholm's analysis. In this piece, we take a broader perspective and look at the utility and the limits of network analysis for legal scholarship generally.

scholarly journals THIRD PARTIAL DECISION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT OF B&H ABOUT CONSTITUTIONALITY OF PEOPLES IN BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Edin Djedović ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
State Government ◽  
State Level ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Constitutional Order ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
The Third

Constitutionality of the peoples is one of the most frequent terms used in the post - Dayton era of B&H state functioning. The specificity of the existence of constituent binds to B&H and its complex constitutional organization, because the comparative law knows no such terminology. In the political sphere it was first mentioned in the process of dissolution of Yugoslavia, and in the constitutional order of B&H enters through the Constitution of the FB&H, and Constitution of B&H. Following the adoption of the Constitution set the important question of the importance of constituent peoples in terms of whether it is a collective right to a certain cooperation or equal to the concept of sovereignty, and that it applies only to representation in state government at the state level and throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina. This is driven by the various discussions which are usually given to political connotations. The best answer to such questions is given by the Constitutional Court through the third partial Decision on Constituent Peoples, through which prism we look the meaning of the constituent peoples in B&H.

scholarly journals El Derecho ante las emergencias ordinarias. El confuso marco jurídico actual y una propuesta para su ordenación.

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-245
Author(s):  
Javier MORENO GARCÍA
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Management ◽  
Comparative Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Constitutional Court ◽  
Civil Protection ◽  
Rescue Services ◽  
Legal Response ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Rich

LABURPENA: Babes zibileko eskubide tradizionala, larrialdi oso larri eta katastrofikoetara zuzenduta dagoena, oso desberdinak diren larrialdien erregulazioa eta kudeaketa hartzen ari da bere gain. Larrialdi berezi horiek egunez egun gertatzen dira, gizarte baten edo pertsona-talde baten ohiko funtzionamendua aldatu gabe; larrialdi arrunt deritze. Lan honek emaitza horretara eraman duen prozesua deskribatzen du, arau-bilakaera eta Konstituzio Auzitegiaren jurisprudentzia ugaria aztertuz, bai babes zibilari dagokionez, bai larrialdiak arautzen dituzten araudi sektorialei dagokienez. Horren ondoren, proposatzen da babes zibileko eskubideak larrialdi larrienei soilik zuzenduta egon behar duela, aparteko erantzun juridikoa behar duelako, eta ohiko larrialdien aurrean administrazio publiko guztien erantzuna bermatu eta koordinatzera bideratutako diziplina bat eraiki behar dela, argi eta garbi bereizita laguntza-zerbitzua zuzenean ematetik, zeina, alderdi desberdinetan, administrazio sektorialei baitagokie: osasungintza, suhiltzaileak, poliziak edo salbamendua eta erreskatea lehorreko, itsasoko eta aireko eremuetan. Biak, ohiz kanpoko larrialdiak eta larrialdi arruntak, diziplina zabalagoan biltzen dira, zuzenbide konparatu aurreratuenak larrialdiak kudeatzeko eskubide gisa deitzen duen diziplinan, alegia. ABSTRACT: The traditional Law on civil protection aimed at the severe or catastrophic emergencies is taking up the regulation and management of some other different emergencies, those that happen from the day to day without altering the functioning of a society or a group of persons, the so called ordinary emergencies. This work describes the process that has led to this result by means of the analysis of the normative evolution and the rich case law of the Constitutional Court, both with reference to the area of the civil protection and to the sector-specific regulations on emergencies. After that, it is advanced the proposal that the Law on civil protection be exclusively aimed at the most severe emergencies given the extraordinary legal response that require and that a legal discipline is created to ensure and coordinate the response by all public administrations in the face of ordinary emergencies, crearly differentiated from the direct provision of assistance that in their different facets corresponds to sector-specific administrations: health, firemen, police, rescue services in the field of land, sea and air. Both, severe and ordinary emergencies, are assembled in a broader legal branch of study called by the most advanced Comparative law Emergency Management Law. RESUMEN: El tradicional derecho de protección civil, dirigido a las emergencias muy graves y catastróficas, está asumiendo la regulación y gestión de otro tipo de emergencias muy distintas, las que día a día acontecen sin alterar el ordinario funcionamiento de una sociedad o colectivo de personas, denominadas emergencias ordinarias. Este trabajo describe el proceso que ha conducido a este resultado a través del análisis de la evolución normativa y de la abundante jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional, tanto en relación con la materia protección civil, como con las normativas sectoriales que regulan las emergencias. Tras ello, se formula la propuesta de que el derecho de protección civil siga exclusivamente dirigido a las emergencias más graves, dada la extraordinaria respuesta jurídica que requieren, y que se construya una disciplina dedicada a garantizar y coordinar la respuesta de todas las administraciones públicas ante las emergencias ordinarias, claramente diferenciada de la directa prestación del servicio de auxilio que, en sus distintas faceta, compete a las administraciones sectoriales: sanitaria, bomberos, policías o salvamento y rescate en los ámbitos de tierra, mar y aire. Ambas, emergencias extraordinarias y ordinarias, se agrupan en una disciplina más amplia denominada por el derecho comparado más avanzado como derecho de gestión de emergencias.

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