Systematics of Ichnanthus hoffmannseggii and allies (Poaceae, Paspaleae) based on molecular and morphological evidence

Ichnanthus hoffmannseggii is an annual panicoid grass that occurs in sandy and open areas of Brazil and currently includes I. piresii in its synonymy. However, herbarium and field work led us to question this circumscription. In a previous phylogenetic study, a specimen with morphological affinities to I. hoffmannseggii was recovered as more related to Echinolaena oplismenoides (currently I. oplismenoides). This study aimed to clarify the relationship between I. hoffmannseggii, I. oplismenoides, and I. piresii using molecular and macro- and micromorphological data. We recognize these three taxa as distinct species and provide characters for distinguishing them and related species, including descriptions, comments, illustrations, distribution maps, SEM images of the upper anthecium, and phylogenetic relationships.

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NEW SPECIES IN MALLOTUS AND CROTON (EUPHORBIACEAE) FROM NEPAL

Edinburgh Journal of Botany ◽

10.1017/s0960428604000046 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 61 (1) ◽

pp. 31-39

Author(s):

T. KUROSAWA

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

Related Species ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Altitudinal Distribution ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Two New Species

Two new species of Euphorbiaceae (sensu stricto), Mallotus bicarpellatus (Acalyphoideae) and Croton nepalensis (Crotonoideae), are described from Nepal. Mallotus bicarpellatus is closely related to M. philippensis but differs in having 1 or 2 pairs of leaf glands distinctly separated from the petiole attachment, pistillate flowers with staminodes and longer pedicels, and fewer locules and stigmas. Croton nepalensis differs from C. tiglium in having leaves with truncate, subcordate or rounded base, smaller, broadly ovoid capsules, and smaller seeds. A table is provided showing how Croton nepalensis differs from other closely related species. Croton himalaicus is here regarded as a synonym of C. tiglium, though it has been treated variously as a distinct species or a synonym of C. tiglium or C. birmanicus by recent authors. Distribution maps and graphs of altitudinal distribution are given for the new species.

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Molecular phylogenetics of species of Bulbophyllum sect. Trias (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae; Malaxidae) based on nrITS and plastid rbcL and matK

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.226.1.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 226 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Passorn Wonnapinij ◽

Ajaraporn Sriboonlert

Keyword(s):

Dna Sequences ◽

Related Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽

Molecular Phylogenetics ◽

Nuclear Region ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Vegetative Characters ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Phylogenetic relationships among species of Bulbophyllum sect. Trias and related taxa in Bulbophyllum has not been previously studied due to scarcity of appropriate samples. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship of these taxa and investigate interspecific relationships of these orchids using DNA sequences from two plastid genes, rbcL and matK, and one nuclear region, nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer, nrITS. Our results showed that all Bulbophyllum sect. Trias species were embedded among other groups of Bulbophyllum, supporting the already published transfer of Trias to synonymy of Bulbophyllum. All trees revealed that the Indochinese sect. Trias form a monophyletic group that could be divided into three groups coincident with their vegetative characters. This study further shows that nrITS sequences can be sufficient for inferring phylogenetic relationship among Trias species, although this marker and the combination of this plus the plastid genes are not able to distinguish the differences between some closely related species.

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A Monograph of the Brazilian endemic genus Lavoisiera (Melastomataceae: Microlicieae)

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.315.1.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 315 (1) ◽

pp. 1 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

ANGELA B. MARTINS ◽

FRANK ALMEDA

Keyword(s):

Amazon Basin ◽

Meiotic Chromosome ◽

Field Work ◽

Seed Morphology ◽

Campo Rupestre ◽

Sem Images ◽

Endemic Genus ◽

Distribution Maps ◽

Conservation Assessments ◽

Sectional Classification

A systematic monograph is presented for Lavoisiera, a Brazilian endemic genus of 41 species that is centered in the campo rupestre ecoregion in the Brazilian Planalto south of the Amazon basin, mostly west of the Mata Atlântica (Atlantic Rainforest), and east of the Pantanal. The stronghold for species diversity is the state of Minas Gerais with 36 species, 30 of which are endemic there. This study represents the first comprehensive monograph of the genus based on field work across its distributional range, complemented by examination of over 3620 specimens from 35 herbaria. An evaluation of taxonomic characters used in the long-standing sectional classification of the genus has led to its abandonment because it is based on artificial characters and does not provide a sound working hypothesis of infrageneric relationships. Eight new species are described: L. arachnoidea, L. belinelloi, L. canastrensis, L. daviesiana, L. minima, L. rundeliana, L. setosa, and L. vestita; lectotypifications are provided for L. caryophyllea, L. chamaepitys, L. glandulifera, L. pulchella, and L. senae; and 44 epithets are relegated to synonymy. An identification key, full synonymy, descriptions, habitat and phenological information, distribution maps, diagnostic illustrations, images of representative species in the field, and geospatial conservation assessments are provided for all species based on IUCN criteria. SEM images of seed morphology are presented for nearly half of the species along with camera lucida drawings of meiotic chromosome figures for selected species, and an index to numbered collections examined.

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The taxonomic revision of Asian Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) I: Confirmation and illustration of A. austroszechuanica, A. faucimaculata and A. yunnanensis var. meionantha from China

Phytotaxa ◽

10.11646/phytotaxa.261.2.3 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 261 (2) ◽

pp. 137 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

XIN-XIN ZHU ◽

SHUAI LIAO ◽

LIN ZHANG ◽

ZHANG-HUA WANG ◽

CHENG DU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Related Species ◽

Taxonomic Revision ◽

Field Work ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Careful Examination ◽

Extensive Field ◽

Species Descriptions

Through extensive field work, careful examination of numerous specimens, and color photos taken in the field and study in relation to published accounts of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae), we conclude that A. austroszechuanica, A. faucimaculata and A. yunnanensis var. meionantha are distinct species. Detailed morphological comparisons with related species, descriptions and illustrations are presented. A. yunnanensis var. meionantha is raised into Aristolochia meionantha. Furthermore, detailed distributions, citation of studied specimens and nomenclatural notes for these species are also provided.

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On Riccia marginata and related species (Ricciaceae, Marchantiophyta)

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2012.46.298 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 ◽

pp. 298-305 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. D. Potemkin ◽

T. Ahti

Keyword(s):

Related Species ◽

Lake Ladoga ◽

Leningrad Region ◽

Sem Images ◽

North Shore ◽

The North ◽

Molecular Studies ◽

The Future ◽

The Town

Riccia marginata Lindb. was described by S. O. Lindberg (1877) from the outskirts of the town of Sortavala near the north shore of Lake Ladoga, Republic of Karelia, Russia. The species has been forgotten in most recent liverwort accounts of Europe, including Russia. Lectotypification of R. marginata is provided. R. marginata shares most characters with R. beyrichiana Hampe ex Lehm. It differs from “typical” plants of R. beyrichiana in having smaller spores, with ± distinctly finely areolate to roughly papillose proximal surfaces and a narrower and shorter thallus, as well as in scarcity or absence of marginal hairs. It may represent continental populations of the suboceanic-submediterranean R. beyrichiana, known in Russia from the Leningrad Region and Karelia only. The variability of spore surfaces in R. beyrichiana is discussed and illustrated by SEM images. A comparison with the spores of R. bifurca Hoffm. is provided. The question how distinct R. marginata is from R. beyrichiana needs to be clarified by molecular studies in the future, when adequate material is available. R. marginata is for the time being, provisionally, included in R. beyrichiana.

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Morphological Evidence of Telocytes in Skeletal Muscle Interstitium of Exercised and Sedentary Rodents

Biomedicines ◽

10.3390/biomedicines9070807 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 807

Author(s):

Silvia Ravalli ◽

Concetta Federico ◽

Giovanni Lauretta ◽

Salvatore Saccone ◽

Elisabetta Pricoco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Muscle Atrophy ◽

Stromal Cells ◽

Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽

Skeletal Muscle Atrophy ◽

Morphological Evidence ◽

Double Positive ◽

Functional Changes ◽

Cell Niche ◽

The Relationship

Skeletal muscle atrophy, resulting from states of hypokinesis or immobilization, leads to morphological, metabolic, and functional changes within the muscle tissue, a large variety of which are supported by the stromal cells populating the interstitium. Telocytes represent a recently discovered population of stromal cells, which has been increasingly identified in several human organs and appears to participate in sustaining cross-talk, promoting regenerative mechanisms and supporting differentiation of local stem cell niche. The aim of this morphologic study was to investigate the presence of Telocytes in the tibialis anterior muscle of healthy rats undergoing an endurance training protocol for either 4 weeks or 16 weeks compared to sedentary rats. Histomorphometric analysis of muscle fibers diameter revealed muscle atrophy in sedentary rats. Telocytes were identified by double-positive immunofluorescence staining for CD34/CD117 and CD34/vimentin. The results showed that Telocytes were significantly reduced in sedentary rats at 16 weeks, while rats subjected to regular exercise maintained a stable Telocytes population after 16 weeks. Understanding of the relationship between Telocytes and exercise offers new chances in the field of regenerative medicine, suggesting possible triggers for Telocytes in sarcopenia and other musculoskeletal disorders, promoting adapted physical activity and rehabilitation programmes in clinical practice.

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Aromatic Profile Variation of Essential Oil from Dried Makwhaen Fruit and Related Species

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10040803 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 803

Author(s):

Trid Sriwichai ◽

Jiratchaya Wisetkomolmat ◽

Tonapha Pusadee ◽

Korawan Sringarm ◽

Kiattisak Duangmal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cluster Analysis ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Related Species ◽

Phenotypic Characteristic ◽

Genetic Sequencing ◽

Dried Fruits ◽

Profile Variation ◽

Chemical Profiles ◽

The Relationship ◽

Different Sources

The aim of this research is to evaluate the relationship between genotype, phenotype, and chemical profiles of essential oil obtained from available Zanthoxylum spp. Three specimens of makhwaen (MK) distributed in Northern Thailand were genetically and morphologically compared with other Zanthoxylum spices, known locally as huajiao (HJ) and makwoung (MKO), respectively. HJ was taxonomically confirmed as Z. armatum while MKO and MK were identified as Z. rhetsa and Z. myriacanthum. Genetic sequencing distributed these species into three groups accordingly to their confirmed species. Essential oil of the dried fruits from these samples was extracted and analyzed for their chemical and physical properties. Cluster analysis of their volatile compositions separated MKO and MK apart from HJ with L-limonene, terpinen-4-ol, β-phellandrene, and β-philandrene. By using odor attributes, the essential oil of MKO and MK were closely related possessing fruity, woody, and citrus aromas, while the HJ was distinctive. Overall, the phenotypic characteristic can be used to elucidate the species among makhwaen fruits of different sources. The volatile profiling was nonetheless dependent on the genotypes but makwoung and makhwaen showed similar profiles.

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Mitochondrial phylogeography of baboons (Papiospp.) – Indication for introgressive hybridization?

BMC Evolutionary Biology ◽

10.1186/1471-2148-9-83 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 132

Author(s):

Dietmar Zinner ◽

Linn F Groeneveld ◽

Christina Keller ◽

Christian Roos

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Evolutionary History ◽

Introgressive Hybridization ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Eastern Africa ◽

East African ◽

Hamadryas Baboons ◽

Olive Baboons ◽

Initial Separation ◽

Molecular Studies

Abstract Background Baboons of the genus Papio are distributed over wide ranges of Africa and even colonized parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Traditionally, five phenotypically distinct species are recognized, but recent molecular studies were not able to resolve their phylogenetic relationships. Moreover, these studies revealed para- and polyphyletic (hereafter paraphyletic) mitochondrial clades for baboons from eastern Africa, and it was hypothesized that introgressive hybridization might have contributed substantially to their evolutionary history. To further elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among baboons, we extended earlier studies by analysing the complete mitochondrial cytochrome b gene and the 'Brown region' from 67 specimens collected at 53 sites, which represent all species and which cover most of the baboons' range. Results Based on phylogenetic tree reconstructions seven well supported major haplogroups were detected, which reflect geographic populations and discordance between mitochondrial phylogeny and baboon morphology. Our divergence age estimates indicate an initial separation into southern and northern baboon clades 2.09 (1.54–2.71) million years ago (mya). We found deep divergences between haplogroups within several species (~2 mya, northern and southern yellow baboons, western and eastern olive baboons and northern and southern chacma baboons), but also recent divergence ages among species (< 0.7 mya, yellow, olive and hamadryas baboons in eastern Africa). Conclusion Our study confirms earlier findings for eastern Africa, but shows that baboon species from other parts of the continent are also mitochondrially paraphyletic. The phylogenetic patterns suggest a complex evolutionary history with multiple phases of isolation and reconnection of populations. Most likely all these biogeographic events were triggered by multiple cycles of expansion and retreat of savannah biomes during Pleistocene glacial and inter-glacial periods. During contact phases of populations reticulate events (i.e. introgressive hybridization) were highly likely, similar to ongoing hybridization, which is observed between East African baboon populations. Defining the extent of the introgressive hybridization will require further molecular studies that incorporate additional sampling sites and nuclear loci.

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Genealogical inference of closely related species based on microsatellites

Genetics Research ◽

10.1017/s0016672301005444 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 78 (3) ◽

pp. 209-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

CHRISTIAN SCHLÖTTERER

Keyword(s):

Population Genetics ◽

Related Species ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Microsatellite Analysis ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Research Areas

Despite their unmatched popularity in many research areas, microsatellites have not yet become a major tool for the inference of genealogical relationships of closely related species. Recent studies have successfully extended the repertoire of microsatellite analysis beyond population genetics and demonstrate that phylogenetic relationships of closely related species can be inferred accurately with fewer loci than previously assumed.

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Novel Comprehensive Molecular and Ecological Study Introducing Coastal Mud Shrimp (Solenocera Crassicornis) Recorded at the Gulf of Suez, Egypt

Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ◽

10.3390/jmse9010009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 9

Author(s):

Eman M. Abbas ◽

Fawzia S. Ali ◽

Mohammed G. Desouky ◽

Mohamed Ashour ◽

Ahmed El-Shafei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Identification ◽

Phylogenetic Relationships ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Larval Rearing ◽

Gulf Of Suez ◽

Commercial Catch ◽

Monthly Total ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Commercially Important ◽

The Relationship

Solenocera crassicornis is a commercially important shrimp of the Solenoceridae family. The current study investigated the morphology, molecular identification, phylogenetic relationships, and population dynamics of S. crassicornis in Egypt. Samples were collected monthly (total, 1722; male = 40.19%, wet weight, 0.89–10.77 g; female = 59.81%, wet weight, 1.55–19.24 g) from Al-Attaka commercial catch in the Gulf of Suez in the Red Sea. Two barcode markers, 18S rRNA and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), were used for molecular identification. COI partial sequences were used to construct the phylogenetic relationships among different species of genus Solenocera and to infer the origin of the studied Solenocera crassicornis. The applied molecular markers successfully identified the studied species to the species level. The genetic distances among S. crassicornis sequences from different countries revealed the Indo-West Pacific origin of S. crassicornis. The relationship between total length (TL) and total weight (TW) was TW = 0.035TL2.275 and r2 = 0.805 for males and TW = 0.007TL3.036 and r2 = 0.883 for females, indicating that females were heavier than males. Despite its social and economic relevance in the area, information on the hatching, larval rearing, and farming of S. crassicornis is scarce and requires future studies under Egyptian conditions.

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