Animal Experimental Study on Repair of Alveolar Bone Defect with Double-Pipe Biphase Bioceramic Polyetheretherketone Composite

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1236-1241
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Pengtao Zhang ◽  
Yuqi Zhou ◽  
Yuzhu Jia ◽  
Lei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Bone Repair ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Repair Rate ◽  
Bone Injury ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Ridge Height

Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has the advantages of good biocompatibility, thus become a widely used bone remodeling material. Bioceramics are also highly effective bone repair materials. However, the repairing effect of biphasic bioceramics combined with polyetheretherketone composites on alveolar bone defects has not been elucidated. SD rats were separated into control group that was established as alveolar bone injury model; PEEK group that the alveolar bone injury model was repaired with polyether ether ketone; and composite group that alveolar bone injury model was repaired with double-tube biphase bioceramic/polyetheretherketone. After 8 weeks of treatment, the bone mineral density (BMD) changes were assessed by X-ray absorptiometry. HE staining was used to analyze the changes of tooth defect. The change of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) content was analyzed. Real-time PCR was performed to measure osteogenic factors Opn and Runx2 expressions. Serum BMP-2 level was analyzed by ELISA. The alveolar ridge height was compared and the alveolar bone repair rate was calculated. In the PEEK group and the composite group, BMD was significantly increased, bone was repaired, Runx2 and Opn mRNA expression was upregulated and ALP activity was enhanced along with elevated BMP-2 secretion, alveolar ridge height and bone repair rate compared to control group (P < 0 05). The composite group exhibited more significant changes compared with PEEK group (P < 0 05). Double-tube biphasic bioceramic/polyetheretherketone composites can repair alveolar bone defects, promote osteogenic differentiation, induce BMP-2 secretion, enhance bone density, and accelerate alveolar bone repair.

Efficacy of Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Avila-Ortiz ◽  
M. Gubler ◽  
M. Romero-Bustillos ◽  
C.L. Nicholas ◽  
M.B. Zimmerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ridge Preservation ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Bone Augmentation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Implant Placement ◽  
Alveolar Ridge Preservation

Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) therapy is indicated to attenuate the physiologic resorptive events that occur as a consequence of tooth extraction with the purpose of facilitating tooth replacement therapy. This randomized controlled trial was primarily aimed at testing the efficacy of ARP as compared with unassisted socket healing. A secondary objective was to evaluate the effect that local phenotypic factors play in the volumetric reduction of the alveolar bone. A total of 53 subjects completed the study. Subjects were randomized into either the control group, which involved only tooth extraction (EXT n = 27), or the experimental group, which received ARP using a combination of socket grafting with a particulate bone allograft and socket sealing with a nonabsorbable membrane (dPTFE) following tooth extraction (ARP n = 26). A set of clinical, linear, volumetric, implant-related, and patient-reported outcomes were assessed during a 14-wk healing period. All linear bone assessments (horizontal, midbuccal, and midlingual reduction) revealed that ARP is superior to EXT. Likewise, volumetric bone resorption was significantly higher in the control group (mean ± SD: EXT = −15.83% ± 4.48%, ARP = −8.36% ± 3.81%, P < 0.0001). Linear regression analyses revealed that baseline buccal bone thickness is a strong predictor of alveolar bone resorption in both groups. Interestingly, no significant differences in terms of soft tissue contour change were observed between groups. Additional bone augmentation to facilitate implant placement in a prosthetically acceptable position was deemed necessary in 48.1% of the EXT sites and only 11.5% of the ARP sites ( P < 0.004). Assessment of perceived postoperative discomfort at each follow-up visit revealed a progressive decrease over time, which was comparable between groups. Although some extent of alveolar ridge remodeling occurred in both groups, ARP therapy was superior to EXT as it was more efficacious in the maintenance of alveolar bone and reduced the estimated need for additional bone augmentation at the time of implant placement (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01794806).

scholarly journals Effect of platelet-rich plasma on implant bone defects in rabbits through the FAK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-317
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Ben Chen ◽  
Youyang Zheng ◽  
Yuehua Shi ◽  
Zhuojin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tissue Healing ◽  
Bone Healing Process

AbstractPlatelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been shown to be a beneficial growth factor for bone tissue healing and is used in implantology. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PRP on bone defects in rabbits. Twenty rabbits were used to establish the implant bone defect model in this study. An intrabony defect (5mm × 5mm × 3mm) was created in alveolar bone in the lower jar of each rabbit. The wound was treated with PRP. The expression of platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGFBB) was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and related phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT (protein kinase B) levels were measured by Western blot. The results show that PRP could significantly improve the bone healing process when compared with control, and 10% PRP could markedly increase fibroblast proliferation 48-h post treatment. PDGFBB was higher in the PRP group than that in the control group. PRP treatment also could elevate the phosphorylation of FAK and PI3K/AKT, although the inhibitor of PDGFR could reverse this trend. These results suggest that PRP treatment improves the bone healing process through the FAK/PI3K/AKT pathway.

scholarly journals Bone dehiscence formation during orthodontic tooth movement through atrophic alveolar ridges

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329
Author(s):  
Adilson Luiz Ramos ◽  
Monique Cimão dos Santos ◽  
Márcio Rodrigues de Almeida ◽  
Carlos Flores Mir
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multivariate Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Bone Height

ABSTRACT Objectives To test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in bone dehiscence formation before and after orthodontic tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge. Material and Methods This longitudinal retrospective study evaluated pretreatment and posttreatment cone-beam computed tomography imaging of 15 adult patients. Twenty-five teeth were moved through the atrophic alveolar bone, whereas 25 teeth not subjected to translational movement were considered controls. The distances between the cementoenamel junction and the alveolar bone crest were assessed at the mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual surfaces of all of these teeth. Data were compared using the Wilcoxon test. The Spearman correlation test and multivariate linear regression analysis were also performed. Results In general, crestal bone height was reduced around 0.5 mm in all groups in every direction. Median buccal dehiscence increased significantly (+2.25 mm) (P &lt; .05) in teeth moved through the atrophic ridge. Control teeth also had buccal crest loss (+0.83 mm), but this was not statistically different from that of the experimental teeth. Lingual dehiscence increased significantly for the experimental (+0.17 mm) and control (+0.65 mm) groups. Mesial bone height decreased more in the control group (–0.44mm) than in the experimental group (–0.14mm). There was moderate correlation between amount of tooth movement and alveolar bone loss. Conclusions The null hypothesis was rejected as dehiscence increased after tooth movement through an atrophic alveolar ridge, mainly in the buccal plate.

scholarly journals Dental Pulp Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Treatment for Periodontal Disease in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Beatriz Hernández-Monjaraz ◽  
Edelmiro Santiago-Osorio ◽  
Edgar Ledesma-Martínez ◽  
Itzen Aguiñiga-Sánchez ◽  
Norma Angélica Sosa-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Collagen Scaffold ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density

Periodontal disease (PD) is one of the main causes of tooth loss and is related to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Although different treatments have been proposed in the past, the vast majority do not regenerate lost tissues. In this sense, the use of dental pulp mesenchymal stem cells (DPMSCs) seems to be an alternative for the regeneration of periodontal bone tissue. A quasi-experimental study was conducted in a sample of 22 adults between 55 and 64 years of age with PD, without uncontrolled systemic chronic diseases. Two groups were formed randomly: (i) experimental group (EG) n=11, with a treatment based on DPMSCs; and a (ii) control group (CG) n=11, without a treatment of DPMSCs. Every participant underwent clinical and radiological evaluations and measurement of bone mineral density (BMD) by tomography. Saliva samples were taken as well, to determine the total concentration of antioxidants, superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipoperoxides, and interleukins (IL), before and 6 months after treatment. All subjects underwent curettage and periodontal surgery, the EG had a collagen scaffold treated with DPMSCs, while the CG only had the collagen scaffold placed. The EG with DPMSCs showed an increase in the BMD of the alveolar bone with a borderline statistical significance (baseline 638.82±181.7 vs. posttreatment 781.26±162.2 HU, p=0.09). Regarding oxidative stress and inflammation markers, salivary SOD levels were significantly higher in EG (baseline 1.49±0.96 vs. 2.14±1.12 U/L posttreatment, p<0.05) meanwhile IL1β levels had a decrease (baseline 1001.91±675.5vs. posttreatment 722.3±349.4 pg/ml, p<0.05). Our findings suggest that a DPMSCs treatment based on DPMSCs has both an effect on bone regeneration linked to an increased SOD and decreased levels of IL1β in aging subjects with PD.

Repairing of Osteochondral Defects in Joint Using Beta-TCP/ Carboxymethyl Chitin Composite

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 791-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Masuda ◽  
Yusuke Yoshihara ◽  
Kazuaki Muramatsu ◽  
Izumi Wakebe
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Promising Material ◽  
Osteochondral Defects ◽  
Repair Rate ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate

Beta-tricalcium phosphate/carboxymethyl chitin composites [TCP/CMCh] of various ratios of TCP granules and CMCh were made and their mechanical properties, handling properties and repair performance for bone defects and for osteochondral defects were investigated. Water pooling ratio of CMCh was approximately 40 times the weight itself. TCP/CMCh of a higher TCP ratio had higher stress at 50%-strain. The stress at 50%-strain of TCP/CMCh with 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10 TCP ratios was 0.12, 0.51, 1.08, 1.46, 1.67 (MPa, n=5), respectively. The TCP/CMCh with 5.0 TCP ratios had the best total scores in handling tests. The bone repair rate of TCP/CMCh was TCP ratio 2.5< Blank= TCP ratio 7.5< TCP ratio 5.0. In the implantation test for osteochondral defects, TCP/CMCh was completely absorbed at four weeks after surgery. Regeneration of the articular cartilage was seen with TCP/CMCh and HA/CMCh but not with TCP granules, which remained eight weeks after implantation. The regenerated articular cartilage had remained 32 weeks after implantation. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that this TCP/CMCh composite was a promising material for repairing osteochondral defects.

scholarly journals Morphology of autogenous bone graft and castor oil polyurethane in the infraorbital rim of rabbits: a comparative study

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 341-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Garcia de Mendonça ◽  
Rafael De Rossi ◽  
Celso Massaschi Inouye ◽  
Diego Rodrigo Paulillo Bazan ◽  
João Carlos Castro Monteiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Castor Oil ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Autogenous Bone Graft ◽  
Autogenous Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Nuclei ◽  
Zygomatic Bone ◽  
Chi Squared

PURPOSE: Morphological study comparing castor oil polyurethane and autogenous bone graft to repair bone defect in zygomatic bone of rabbits. METHODS: Twenty-four adult, male New Zealand rabbits were randomly distributed between two groups of twelve. Bone defects of 5mm in diameter were cut through the zygomatic bone and filled with polyurethane discs in the experimental group or autogenous bone harvested from the tibia in the control group. Animals were sacrificed after 30, 60 or 90 days, and the zygomatic bones were macro- and microscopically analyzed. Student's, Fisher's, chi-squared and McNemar's tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Both the castor oil polyurethane and the autograft adapted well to the defect, with no need for fixation. Fibrous connective tissue encapsulated the polyurethane, but no inflammation or giant cell reaction was observed. Acidophilic and basophilic areas were observed inside the micropores of the polyurethane, suggesting cell nuclei. After 90 days, bone repair with a lamellar pattern of organization was observed in the control group. CONCLUSION: The castor oil polyurethane was biocompatible and did not cause inflammation. It may be considered an alternative to fill bone defects.

scholarly journals Repair of alveolar cleft bone defects by bone collagen particles combined with hUC-MSCs in rabbit

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue-Cheng Sun ◽  
Hu Wang ◽  
Jian-Hui Li ◽  
Dan Zhang ◽  
Xu Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Repair ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Normal Group ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Umbilical Cord ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Alveolar Cleft

Abstract Background: Alveolar cleft is a kind of cleft lip and palate, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. In this study, a similar model of human alveolar cleft phenotype was established in rabbits to evaluate the effect of bone collagen particles combined with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUC-MSCs) on the repair of alveolar cleft bone defects. Methods: In this study, 24 adult Japanese white rabbits (JWRs) were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups. Including normal group, control group, materials group and MSCs group. The model of alveolar clefts was established by removing the incisors on the left side of the upper jaw. The normal group did nothing. In the control group, the incisors were removed and sutured directly. In the material group, the incisor were removed, then filled with bone collagen particles, and finally sutured. In the MSCs group, the incisors were first removed, then filled with bone collagen particles incubated by hUC-MSCs, and then stitched. Blood biochemical analysis was performed 3 months after the operation. Skull tissues were collected for gross observation, and micro-focus computerized tomography (micro-CT) analysis. Paraffin sections were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical staining. Results: The bone collagen particles and hUC-MSCs are not biotoxic and can promote alvenlus regeneration. Bone collagen particles combined with hUC-MSCs were much better than those used alone in inducing bone repair and regeneration. Conclusions: HUC-MSCs can be used as a bone generation inducer combined with bone collagen materials for bone regeneration and repair.

scholarly journals Sinus Augmentation with Simultaneous, Non-Submerged, Implant Placement Using a Minimally Invasive Hydraulic Technique

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Liat Chaushu ◽  
Gavriel Chaushu ◽  
Hadar Better ◽  
Sarit Naishlos ◽  
Roni Kolerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Marginal Bone Loss ◽  
Sinus Augmentation ◽  
Ridge Height ◽  
The Mean

Background and objectives: To evaluate whether sinus augmentation, using a minimally invasive implant device, via a non-submerged surgical approach, might negatively influence the outcome. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted by evaluating patients’ files, classifying them into two groups. Fifty patients (22 men 28 women) were included in the study, 25 in each group. The use of an implant device based on residual alveolar ridge height for sinus augmentation, radiographic evaluation, insertion torque, membrane perforation, post-operative healing, and a minimum of 12 months follow-up were evaluated. Results: The mean residual alveolar ridge height was 5.4 mm for the non-submerged group and 4.2 mm for the submerged group. There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications (including membrane perforations). The mean insertion torque was 45 N/cm for the study group and 20 N/cm for the control group. Complete soft tissue healing was observed within three weeks. Mean bone gain height was 8 mm for the study and 9.3 mm for the control group. All implants osseointegrated after 6–9 months of healing time. Mean follow-up was 17.5 months, range 12–36 months. Marginal bone loss at last follow-up was not statistically significantly different: 1 mm in the non-submerged vs. 1.2 mm in the submerged group. Conclusions: Submerged and non-submerged healing following maxillary sinus augmentation was comparable provided residual alveolar ridge height >5 mm and insertion torque >25 N/cm.

scholarly journals Safe zones of the maxillary alveolar bone in Down syndrome for orthodontic miniscrew placement assessed with cone-beam computed tomography

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacobo Limeres Posse ◽  
María Teresa Abeleira Pazos ◽  
María Fernández Casado ◽  
Mercedes Outumuro Rial ◽  
Pedro Diz Dios ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alveolar Ridge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Areas Of Interest

Abstract The aim of this study was to quantify the available maxillary alveolar bone in a group of individuals with Down syndrome (DS) to determine the best areas for orthodontic miniscrew placement. The study group consisted of 40 patients with DS aged 12–30 years. We also selected an age and sex-matched control group. All measurements were performed on cross-sectional images obtained with cone-beam computed tomography. The selected areas of interest were the 4 interradicular spaces between the distal wall of the canine and the mesial wall of the second molar, in both maxillary quadrants. We measured the vestibular-palatine (VP) and mesiodistal (MD) dimensions to depths of 3, 6 and 9 mm from the alveolar ridge. We also measured the bone density in the same interradicular spaces of interest to 6 mm of depth from the alveolar crest. VP measurements were longer in the more posterior sectors and as the distance from the alveolar ridge increased. MD measurements also increased progressively as the distance from the alveolar ridge increased. In general, both the VP and MD measurements in the DS group were similar among the male and female participants. As age increased, the MD distance increased, while the VP distance decreased. The VP distance was ≥6 mm in at least 75% of the DS group in practically all assessed interdental spaces. The MD distance was ≥2 mm in at least 75% of the DS group only between the first and second molar, to 9 mm of depth from the alveolar ridge. The safe area for inserting orthodontic miniscrews in DS patients is restricted to the most posterior and deepest area of the maxillary alveolar bone.

scholarly journals Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial of Nanostructured Carbonated Hydroxyapatite for Alveolar Bone Repair

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo F. B. Resende ◽  
Suelen C. Sartoretto ◽  
Marcelo J. Uzeda ◽  
Adriana T. N. N. Alves ◽  
José A. Calasans-Maia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Socket Preservation ◽  
Carbonated Hydroxyapatite ◽  
Randomized Controlled

The properties of the biodegradation of bone substitutes in the dental socket after extraction is one of the goals of regenerative medicine. This double-blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial aimed to compare the effects of a new bioabsorbable nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) with a commercially available bovine xenograft (Bio-Oss®) and clot (control group) in alveolar preservation. Thirty participants who required tooth extraction and implant placement were enrolled in this study. After 90 days, a sample of the grafted area was obtained for histological and histomorphometric evaluation and an implant was installed at the site. All surgical procedures were successfully carried out without complications and none of the patients were excluded. The samples revealed a statistically significant increase of new bone formation (NFB) in the CHA group compared with Bio-Oss® after 90 days from surgery (p < 0.05). However, the clot group presented no differences of NFB compared to CHA and Bio-Oss®. The CHA group presented less amount of reminiscent biomaterial compared to Bio-Oss®. Both biomaterials were considered osteoconductors, easy to handle, biocompatible, and suitable for alveolar filling. Nanostructured carbonated hydroxyapatite spheres promoted a higher biodegradation rate and is a promising biomaterial for alveolar socket preservation before implant treatment.

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