Determinants of Accounts Receivables Financing: India and Other Asian Economies Perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 45-67
Author(s):  
Zericho R. Marak ◽  
Dilip Ambarkhane
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Trade Finance ◽  
Enforcement Mechanism ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Asian Economies ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
Very High ◽  
Conducive Environment

Globally, factoring services have shown steady growth in facilitating trade finance. The need for such kind of alternative financing became more important particularly after the financial crisis of 2008. Asia witnessed a very high growth in factoring, and it has emerged as the second largest market after Europe. However, factoring in India has not shown significant growth. This study investigates the causes for under-utilisation of factoring in India. Two-step generalised method of moments (GMM) was used to find out the significant variables influencing factoring services and then a comparative analysis of Asian economies was performed based on the significant variables. The results show that manufacturing and allied activities, credit information availability, legal rights for lenders and borrowers and sound enforcement mechanism are crucial in offering conducive environment for factoring. The comparative analysis reveals that China performs well on most of the parameters, whereas India needs to improve on all the parameters, especially the enforcement mechanism. In general, all the Asian countries require improvement in many parameters.

Very High Growth Rate of 4H-SiC Using MTS as Chloride-Based Precursor

2008 ◽  
Vol 600-603 ◽  
pp. 115-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Pedersen ◽  
Stefano Leone ◽  
Anne Henry ◽  
Franziska Christine Beyer ◽  
Vanya Darakchieva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Linear Dependence ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
High Growth ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Epitaxial Layers ◽  
Single Precursor ◽  
Very High

The chlorinated precursor methyltrichlorosilane (MTS), CH3SiCl3, has been used to grow epitaxial layers of 4H-SiC in a hot wall CVD reactor, with growth rates as high as 170 µm/h at 1600°C. Since MTS contains both silicon and carbon, with the C/Si ratio 1, MTS was used both as single precursor and mixed with silane or ethylene to study the effect of the C/Si and Cl/Si ratios on growth rate and doping of the epitaxial layers. When using only MTS as precursor, the growth rate showed a linear dependence on the MTS molar fraction in the reactor up to about 100 µm/h. The growth rate dropped for C/Si < 1 but was constant for C/Si > 1. Further, the growth rate decreased with lower Cl/Si ratio.

scholarly journals Vegetative growth of grasslands based on hyper-temporal NDVI data from the Modis sensor

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 858-868
Author(s):  
Marcos Cicarini Hott ◽  
Luis Marcelo Tavares de Carvalho ◽  
Mauro Antonio Homem Antunes ◽  
Polyanne Aguiar dos Santos ◽  
Tássia Borges Arantes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Data Series ◽  
Moderate Resolution ◽  
Resolution Imaging ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Very High

Abstract: The objective of this work was to analyze the development of grasslands in Zona da Mata, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, between 2000 and 2013, using a parameter based on the growth index of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (Modis) data series. Based on temporal NDVI profiles, which were used as indicators of edaphoclimatic conditions, the growth index (GI) was estimated for 16-day periods throughout the spring season of 2012 to early 2013, being compared with the average GI from 2000 to 2011, used as the reference period. Currently, the grassland areas in Zona da Mata occupy approximately 1.2 million hectares. According to the used methods, 177,322 ha (14.61%) of these grassland areas have very low vegetative growth; 577,698 ha (45.96%) have low growth; 433,475 ha (35.72%) have balanced growth; 39,980 ha (3.29%) have high growth; and 5,032 ha (0.41%) have very high vegetative growth. The grasslands had predominantly low vegetative growth during the studied period, and the NDVI/Modis series is a useful source of data for regional assessments.

scholarly journals E-Service Quality dan E-Promotion Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian Konsumen pada Website Traveloka.com

Competitive ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-114
Author(s):  
Aditia Sovia Pramudita ◽  
Rahayu Eka Agustia
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
High Growth Rate ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Quantitative Design ◽  
Service Purchasing ◽  
Very High

E-Commerce has a very high growth rate which the needs of quickly and precisely are the main target in the e-commerce business. This study aims to determine how consumers respond to the implementation of e-service quality website, e-promotion website which leads into consumer purchasing decisions at Traveloka using a descriptive quantitative design with data collection techniques through a questionnaire. The method used in this research is descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The results show that the effect of website e-service quality and website e-promotion on service purchasing decisions at Traveloka is positive and significant. The influence of e-service quality website and e-promotion website on purchasing decisions at Traveloka is 23%. While the rest is influenced by variables not included in this study.

How to optimize lichen relative growth rates in growth cabinets

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yngvar GAUSLAA ◽  
Md Azharul ALAM ◽  
Knut Asbjørn SOLHAUG
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Lobaria Pulmonaria ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Very High

AbstractIn order to improve growth chamber protocols for lichens, we tested the effect of 1) wet filter paper versus self-drained nets as a substratum for lichens, and 2) gradual versus abrupt transitions between dark and light periods. For Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm. cultivated on nets, RGR increased by 60% compared to those on wet papers, whereas abrupt on/off transitions between day/night gave as high growth rates as gradual transitions mimicking sunrise/sunset. Because thalli on nets had less surface water than those on papers, the higher RGR on nets likely resulted from less suprasaturation depression of photosynthesis. By supporting very high growth and eliminating any visible damage, the revised growth chamber protocols facilitate new functional lichen studies.

Growth of Large Diameter 6H SI and 4H n+ SiC Single Crystals

2010 ◽  
Vol 1246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Gupta ◽  
Ping Wu ◽  
Varatharajan Rengarajan ◽  
Xueping Xu ◽  
Murugesu Yoganathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Growth Process ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
Commercial Production ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Steady Growth ◽  
Vanadium Doping ◽  
Low Capacitance ◽  
Very High

AbstractSiC single crystals are grown at II-VI by the seeded sublimation technique. The process has been scaled up and optimized to support commercial production of high-quality 100 mm diameter, Semi-Insulating (SI) 6H substrates and 100 mm 4H n+ substrates. The growth process incorporates special elements aimed at achieving uniform sublimation of the source, steady growth rate, uniform doping and reduced presence of background impurities.Semi-insulating 6H substrates are produced using precise vanadium compensation. Vanadium doping is optimized to yield SI material with very high resistivity and low capacitance.Crystal quality of the substrates is evaluated using a wide variety of techniques. Specific defects, their interaction and evolution during growth are described with emphasis on micropipes and dislocations. The current quality of the 6H SI and 4H n+ crystals grown at II-VI is summarized.

scholarly journals Testing of IQ™ 200 Automated Urine Analyzer Analytical Performances in Comparison with Manual Techniques

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
Velibor Čabarkapa ◽  
Mirjana Đerić ◽  
Zoran Stošić
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Operation Procedure ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Very High ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

Testing of IQ™ 200 Automated Urine Analyzer Analytical Performances in Comparison with Manual Techniques Automation is necessary in laboratory systems. It enables reduction of time required for sample analysis, as well as standardization of methods. However, automation of urine control in laboratories is much less common than in hematological analyses. Not long ago, the necessary automated systems for urine analysis have also been developed. The objective of this study is a comparison of the IQ™ 200 automated system for urine analyzing with standardized manual urine analyzing techniques. Comparative analysis of 300 samples was performed by the IQ™ 200 system and by the standardized methods of manual microscopy and chemical urine analysis. The results acquired point to very high compatibility between urine analyses by manual techniques and by the automated system IQ™ 200, and in some analyses IQ™ 200 showed higher sensitivity. It can be concluded, with the aim of standardization and shortening of time required for urine analysis, that utilization of automated urine analyzing systems is recommendable, especially in institutions with a large number of daily analyses. This is also supported by the fact that operation procedure on automated systems is much more simple in comparison to manual techniques.

“Reform and Openness”: Why China's Economic Reforms Have Delayed Democracy

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary E. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Political Liberalization ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
East Asian Economies

Most theories that seek to explain democratization look to changes in the economy as the precursor to significant political liberalization, locating the main causal factor in either severe economic crisis or rapid economic growth. In the Chinese context, by contrast, the Communist Party has extricated itself from the socialist social contract with the urban working class without losing its grip on political power. Moreover, China has maintained a rapid pace of economic growth for over twenty-five years without significant political liberalization. Comparative analysis of China's post-1978 reform policies yields insights both across types of socialist transition, comparing China with Eastern Europe and Russia, and across time, comparing China with other high-growth East Asian economies. A key factor in China's ability to reform the economy without sacrificing political control is the timing and sequencing of its foreign direct investment (FDl) liberalization. There are two key variables that are important to this comparative analysis: China's pattern of ownership diversification and China's mode of integration into the global economy. The article relates these two variables to the success of economic change without political liberalization, in particular, how FDI liberalization has affected relations between workers and the ruling Communist Party. “Reform and openness” in this context resulted in a strengthened Chinese state, a weakened civil society (especially labor), and a delay in political liberalization.

scholarly journals Plasma processing and chemistry

2002 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C. Schram
Keyword(s):  
Surface Science ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Plasma Deposition ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Radical Mechanism ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
C2h Radical ◽  
Very High ◽  
Monolayer Coverage

Plasma deposition and plasma conversion can be characterized by five steps: production by ionization, transfer of chemistry to precursors, transport of radicals to the surface, surface interactions with deposition, recirculation and generation of new monomers. For very fast deposition, large flows of radicals are needed and a regime is reached, in which monolayer coverage is reached in a very short time. Such large flows of radicals can be obtained by ion-induced interactions, as the C2H radical from acetylene for a-C:H deposition, or by H atom abstraction as the SiH3 radical from SiH4 for a-Si:H deposition. These radicals with intermediate sticking coefficient are advantageous as they are mobile and have a finite dwelling time at the surface. By such a pure radical mechanism, good layers can be formed with very high growth rates, if large radical fluxes can be reached. This regime of high fluence is also interesting for conversion, of which ammonia formation from hydrogen and nitrogen atoms is given as an example. These new approaches offer new possibilities for further development of the field in close connection with surface science, catalysis, and materials science.

scholarly journals Le Japon : Conditions et dangers de la dépendance alimentaire

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustin Berque
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
The Sixties ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Agriculture Development ◽  
Very High

During the high economic growth years (1955-1973), Japan became heavily dependant on food, foodstuff and lumber imports. This evolution was due partly to general contraints (narrowness of land, rise in living standards, etc), partly to the structural transformations of Japanese agriculture (development of stock raising, shrinking of winter crops, etc). Custom barriers have been lowered in many cases. Nevertheless, agricultural and food prices remain very high, and the present policy is to stimulate the productions which, during the high growth era, had been given up to international concurrence. Priority is now given to maintaining or raising self-sufficiency ratios which had dangerously subsided during the sixties.

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