Implications of Protest and Reform for Domestic Governance in Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 988-1006
Author(s):  
Yonas Ashine ◽  
Kassahun Berhanu
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Unmet Expectations ◽  
Intergroup Conflicts ◽  
Document Review ◽  
Ethnographic Narratives

The nexus between protest–transition–reform situated in a larger frame of Ethiopia’s political dynamics anchored in historical narratives and theoretical debates are presented in this paper. Moreover, the genesis and the dynamics surrounding the rolling out of the post-2018 Ethiopia’s transition are examined from the vantage point of prospects for entrenching a stable democratic dispensation in the country. To this end, the political economy approach, along with presenting ethnographic narratives that are pertinent to the subject under study, is used as an analytical lens. Also, document review of journal articles, official and academic reports, internet blogs, and newspaper and other media posts was undertaken to substantiate findings from primary sources. The paper concludes that the ongoing Ethiopian transition unfolded by paving avenues for opening up space for negotiating unsettled issues surrounding state-society relations in a context of a relatively liberalized political economy. However, the envisioned model of transition is constrained by different factors characterized by a split in the ranks of the ruling coalition, intergroup conflicts, and rising unmet expectations that resulted in the absence of peace and stability. Besides, the prevailing weakness of democratic institutions and polarized inter-ethnic relations, the recent outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic stalled the progress of the transition process.

scholarly journals The Potential of Application of Technology-Based Innovations for Zakat Administration in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Aishath Muneeza ◽  
Shahbaz Nadwi
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Blockchain Technology ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Customary Practices

India is the home country for many Muslims and effective management of zakah is essential to the country. In this era of technology, it is imperative to use technology with zakat to ensure that the classical zakat administration approaches are upgraded to the uruf or customary practices of the society. The objective of this paper is to find out the potential of using technology in upgrading zakat administration in India. This is a qualitative approach where the primary sources such as zakat administration laws in India and secondary sources such as journal articles and published reports on the subject are analysed to derive conclusions. The findings of this paper suggest that the innovations such as rice ATMs, mobile applications, applications made with blockchain technology, artificial intelligence and big data can also play a vital role in the effective management of zakat in India. It is anticipated that the outcome of this research will assist the zakat administrators in India to adopt technology in this regard.   Keywords: Artificial intelligence, big Data, fintech, rice ATM, zakat

scholarly journals Citation Mining of Humanities Journals: The Progress to Date and the Challenges Ahead

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Colavizza ◽  
Matteo Romanello
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Current State ◽  
Citation Indexes ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Corpus Selection

Even large citation indexes such as the Web of Science, Scopus or Google Scholar cover only a small fraction of the literature in the humanities. This coverage sensibly decreases going backwards in time. Citation mining of humanities publications — defined as an instance of bibliometric data mining and as a means to the end of building comprehensive citation indexes — remains an open problem. In this contribution we discuss the results of two recent projects in this area: Cited Loci and Linked Books. The former focused on the domain of classics, using journal articles in JSTOR as a corpus; the latter considered the historiography on Venice and a novel corpus of journals and monographs. Both projects attempted to mine citations of all kinds — abbreviated and not, to all types of sources, including primary sources — and considered a wide time span (19th to 21st century). We first discuss the current state of research in citation mining of humanities publications. We then present the various steps involved into this process, from corpus selection to data publication, discussing the peculiarities of the humanities. The approaches taken by the two projects are compared, allowing us to highlight disciplinary differences and commonalities, as well as shared challenges between historiography and classics on this respect. The resulting picture portrays humanities citation mining as a field with a great, yet mostly untapped potential, and a few still open challenges. The potential lies in using citations as a means to interconnect digitized collections at a large scale, by making explicit the linking function of bibliographic citations. As for the open challenges, a key issue is the existing need for an integrated metadata infrastructure and an appropriate legal framework to facilitate citation mining in the humanities.

scholarly journals Manajemen pendataan aset sekretariat daerah kabupaten Lombok Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Masbullah Masbullah ◽  
◽  
Salmi Yuniar Bahri ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Collection Management ◽  
Analysis Theory ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Asset Data ◽  
Document Review

Purpose: This study aimed to see how the Asset Data Collection Management of the Regional Secretariat of East Lombok Regency is in accordance with the rules from start to finish and get a clear picture of the research topic. Research methodology: This study was qualitative research. The data technique was done by using documentation, field observation, document review, and interview. The collected data were then analyzed using data analysis theory by Miles and Huberman. Results: The results showed that the Regional Asset Data Collection Management in East Lombok Regency was in accordance with the Domestic Government Regulation No. 19/2016. However, the management of official vehicles was not yet effective and efficient. This can be seen from the management practices that still follow the scope contained in the regulation. Limitations: The weakness of this study is that most of the data cannot be obtained from primary sources but relies on secondary data or other people's information. Contribution: It is hoped that this research can be used as a reference used in further research. Furthermore, the research results are expected to provide an overview of how the regional secretariat asset data management can be used as material for evaluation and improvement in local government policymaking.

1. Studying the English legal system

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steve Wilson ◽  
Helen Rutherford ◽  
Tony Storey ◽  
Natalie Wortley
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
System P ◽  
Law Reports ◽  
Oral Presentations ◽  
Degree Level

Studying the English legal system at degree level offers a different approach from study at ‘A’ level. Lectures will guide students to sources and seek to structure the learning experience for students. Primary sources of law such as legislation and case law, to be found in law reports, must be located and read. Also secondary sources such as textbooks and journal articles will offer explanations and discussion of legal areas or points of law. These sources must then be used to answer questions which will be set for seminars and ultimately for assessment, such as coursework, oral presentations and examinations.

Reflections on Rwanda’s approaches to crime related asset recovery

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-80
Author(s):  
Francis Dusabe
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Asset Recovery ◽  
International Conventions

Purpose In this paper, the author intends to showcase the effectiveness of the Rwandan legal regime governing criminal asset recovery. This paper aims to advocate for a need to enforce laws, which seems to be dormant, and to ensure fairness of action when confiscating or seizing assets that initially belongs to bonafide third parties. Design/methodology/approach The author assesses the effectiveness of law No. 42/2014 of 27/01/2015 governing the recovery of offence-related assets in Rwanda and compares it with established international standards provided in major conventions to which Rwanda is a party. Primary and secondary sources of legal research have been used. Primary sources include international conventions, domestic laws and case laws. Secondary sources include books, chapters, journal articles and policy papers. Findings In this paper, the author submits that the law on crime-related asset recovery suffers from strategic deficiencies and gaps and posits that the process of asset recovery should be streamlined and balanced to meet the aims of crime prevention. Originality/value This research paper is a first of its kind. Through positive criticism, it showcases that Rwanda is doing well through the establishment of relevant laws to combat crime. However, it proposes solutions to identify gaps. This paper is original and has never been published anywhere else, and all sources used have duly been recognized.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF SALVATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM

Al-Farabi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-196
Author(s):  
T. Abdrassilov ◽  
◽  
Zh. Nurmatov ◽  
K. Kaldybay ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Comparative Perspective ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
God Concept ◽  
Islam And Christianity ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This article intends to investigate this issue objectively and honestly without bias from the comparative viewpoint between Islam and Christianity. The methodology of the article is to have a comparative analysis of the concept of salvation in both Islam and Christianity by presenting the similarities and differences. This article utilises passages from the Qur’an and the Gospel as primary sources, which will be complemented with journal articles as a secondary source. The first section looks at the terminology of ‘salvation’ within Islam and Christianity from the viewpoints of sin, repentance and forgiveness, as salvation in both Christianity and Islam means saving from the consequences of sin, and in both religions this involves repentance by humans and forgiveness by God. The second part of this article will examine how Muslims and Christians view Jesus in relation to salvation. This is tied to salvation because the death and resurrection of Jesus is how Christians believe salvation has been accomplished. The final section of this article analyses the God doctrine of Christianity and the God concept of Islam from the comparative perspective with regards to the topic of salvation. This comparative analysis will be important in highlighting the similarities between the two Abrahamic faiths, and that such commonalities can be used as a basis for respect and peaceful co-existence between Christians and Muslims.

scholarly journals Political economy and the ghosts of the past: revisiting the Spanish and Romanian transitions to democracy

HISTOREIN ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Cornel Ban ◽  
Jorge Tamames
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Democratic Transition ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Balance Of Payments ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
International Policy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transitions To Democracy ◽  
Economic Constraints

Juan Linz and Alfred Stepan’s opus on democratic transition and consolidation put Spain and Romania at the extreme ends of these processes and paid little attention to the domestic and external economic constraints on the transition process. This paper interrogates these claims. It shows that in retrospect Spain looks a lot less exemplary and Romania a lot less hopeless than this iconic contribution suggested at the time. Moreover, while external economic shocks and local attempts to buffer them through social compensation shaped both transitions, Romanian governments faced balance of payments crises and international policy conditionality constraints, while their Spanish counterparts did not. This difference invites a greater appreciation of the role of political economy analyses when comparing the policy options of political elites ruling in times of democratic transition and consolidation.

scholarly journals Do we Need a Political Economy of Surveillance? The Case of the GDPR: A Critical Account of the Norms Governing Cyberspace

MaRBLe ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Lanzone
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
General Data Protection Regulation ◽  
Critical Account ◽  
General Data ◽  
Complex Regulation ◽  
The Eu

This study examines the General Data Protection Regulation of the European Union from a critical perspective. By doing so, it aims to generate a comprehensive account of online surveillance practices for commercial purposes, and how public policy in this field is normatively conceived. In order to untangle the normative elements of this highly contested and complex regulation, which took more than five years to be signed under intense lobbying, this paper concentrates on the topics of Consent, Data Ownership and Profiling. These three interrelated elements constitute the primary sources of power asymmetries in the Web between users and providers of online services. By employing the proposed theoretical perspective of a political economy of surveillance, this paper draws from concepts of Foucauldian panoptic surveillance and of Marxist political economics, in order to draw a picture of current surveillance practices by major, quasi- monopolistic IT corporations such as Google and Facebook. The analysis then tests this framework with regard to the normative stance taken by the GDPR, the first major initiative aimed at regulating cyberspace. Deconstructing regulation in this way helps to understand the normative and ideological lines of action of the EU in the newly emerged policy area of the Common Digital Market.

scholarly journals Ethnic Relations in Malaysia from the Perspective of Hadiths

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Nazri Muslim ◽  
Helimy Aris ◽  
Nik Yusri Musa
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Differences ◽  
Ethnic Relations ◽  
Primary Sources

Ethnic relations have never escaped Islamic scrutiny. This is made clear through the observation on two of its primary sources, namely the Quran and Hadiths. This is very apparent through the observation about two primary sources namely the Quran and Hadiths. According to Islam, ethnic differences are not the aim as to why humans are created on this earth. According to Islam, ethnic differences are not the sole reason why humans are created on this earth. It does not stop someone from following and practising Islam. It is also unreasonable for one to be discriminated against, and from, getting his or her rights. Thus, this article discusses the hadiths that touch on ethnic relations and the analysis of ethnic relations in Malaysia from the perspective of hadiths.

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