EXPRESS: Demand Interactions in Sharing Economies: Evidence from a Natural Experiment Involving Airbnb and Uber/Lyft

2021 ◽  
pp. 002224372110621
Author(s):  
Shunyuan Zhang ◽  
Dokyun Lee ◽  
Param Singh ◽  
Tridas Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Local Regulation ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Longitudinal Dataset ◽  
Identification Strategy

We examine whether and how ride-sharing services influence the demand for home-sharing services. Our identification strategy hinges on a natural experiment in which Uber/Lyft exited Austin, Texas, in May 2016 due to local regulation. Using a 12-month longitudinal dataset of 11,536 Airbnb properties, we find that Uber/Lyft’s exit led to a 14% decrease in Airbnb occupancy in Austin. In response, hosts decreased the nightly rate by $9.3 and the supply by 4.5%. We argue that when Uber/Lyft exited Austin, the transportation costs for most Airbnb guests increased significantly because most Airbnb properties (unlike hotels) have poor access to public transportation. We report three key findings: First, demand became less geographically dispersed, falling (increasing) for Airbnb properties with poor (excellent) access to public transportation. Second, demand decreased significantly for low-end properties, whose guests may be more price-sensitive, but not for high-end properties. Third, the occupancy of Austin hotels increased after Uber/Lyft’s exit; the increase occurred primarily among low-end hotels, which can substitute for low-end Airbnb properties. The results indicate that access to affordable, convenient transportation is critical for the success of home-sharing services in residential areas. Regulations that negatively affect ride-sharing services may also negatively affect the demand for home-sharing services.

scholarly journals Sustainabilization of Hanoi mobility approached from new residential areas: Will it be a city without motorbike?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Minh Tung
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Transportation System ◽  
Sustainable Transportation ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Improvement Project ◽  
Personal Mobility ◽  
Doi Moi ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

Due to the policy of the Doi moi in Vietnam started in 1986, Hanoi has undergone many important changes. Currently, Hanoi's traffic is characterized by seemingly continuous motorcycle flows - a representative of high personal mobility in the context of rising incomes. Congestion, dust, pollution, insecurity, overload, etc., they are important keywords to describe Hanoi's urban traffic. Hanoi has put in place a number of policies to improve the transportation system. In 2017, in Hanoi's new mobility improvement project, there is a regulation on motorcycles: “The municipality will zone by limiting the activities of motorcycles according to the infrastructure and the service capacity of the public transportation system to stop motorcycle activities in the central districts in 2030” that becomes controversial. This article, based on the results of surveys assessing the level of satisfaction and desires of people about traffic at the KDTMs of Hanoi, analyzes the differences between the wishes of the municipality and the practices of Hanoi, through habits, modes of mobility of KDTM residents - the new residential areas of Hanoi that bring a different atmosphere of habitat compared to existing neighborhoods, by changing the mode of (re)making of the city. How will the traffic of KDTM residents be affected by this decision as well as how KDTMs will participate in the sustainable transportation of Hanoi?. It is the KDTMs with their “novelties” that will have to become pioneers creating opportunities of the changing of Hanoi traffic. Keywords: Hanoi; sustainable mobility; efficient transportation; motorcycle; KDTM (new residential area). Received 08 December 2018, Revised 30 January 2019, Accepted 30 January 2019

Community quality of life. A case study of the new Popești Leordeni, Ilfov

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-361
Author(s):  
Andreea Acasandre
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Community Quality Of Life ◽  
Leisure Services ◽  
The People ◽  
Level I

This paper is concerned with the analysis of some worrying present tendencies of urban sprawl in the large, important economic centers of Romania. It focuses on the tendency of building new residential apartments on the outskirts of the big cities. Most of these developments target young people that belong to a still-developing middle class. Big problems emerge, however, when real estate investors take advantage of the buyers’ lack of experience and of the authorities’ poor management, offering small, badly-built apartments in new residential areas which are designed around only one function: housing. The absence of complementary functions that could support the development of communities gravely impairs the inhabitants’ quality of life. At the local level, I was able to identify two main problems: the absence of the necessary infrastructure to support such a massive increase in population, and the absence of local amenities. On a larger scale, the consequences are significant as well: chronic traffic jams due to the large number of people who commute to Bucharest daily, for work. Even though at first Popeşti-Leordeni (a satellite-town of Romania’s capital) was considered a good housing option, the people living there are rapidly becoming highly unsatisfied with their quality of life. In their opinion, the biggest problems of this urban area are the absence of green spaces, of leisure services, of parking options, and of means of public transportation. To these complaints, the inhabitants add dissatisfaction with the general problems caused by the endless building sites, which also represent one of the main causes for the lack of cleanliness, bad roads, noise and pollution plaguing the area. This paper, based both on the analysis of statistical data and on empirical research, aims to show that Popeşti-Leordeni, especially the New Popeşti neighborhood, is an example of bad housing caused by corruption, investors’ greed, bad management on the part of the authorities, and the young buyers’ inexperience. Keywords: quality of life; urban sprawl; satellite-town; mono-functionality; community.

scholarly journals Uber Takes the Passing Lane: Disruptive Competition and Taxi-Livery Service Regulations

Elements ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Schneider
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Cost Burden ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Significant Cost ◽  
The Public ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
Do So

It is rare that municipalities have the opportunity to remake a significant portion of key infrastructure, and to do so without significant cost burden on the citizens. The advent of Uber and similar entities that have moved the ride-sharing concept into the 21st century provide that unique chance in the public transportation arena. However, cities such as Los Angeles, New York, and Chicago are responding to Uber as a threat to established taxi-livery services and their accompanying regulatory structures rather than an opportunity for modernization. in order to capitalize on this transformative moment, cities and governments must rethink and address decades-old rules, regulations, and entrenched interests. The benefits to and acceptance by the public that surround the ride-sharing movement are unprecedented. Whether today's politicians and regulators have the courage and foresight to embrace this fundamental change will determine the long-term success and the meaningful evolution of our national transportation newtork.

scholarly journals CLASSIFICATION OF LITHUANIAN TOWNS AND DEFINITION OF THEIR FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE USED FOR URBAN PLANNING PURPOSES

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-191
Author(s):  
Zigmas Jonas Daunora
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Urban Planning ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban System ◽  
The Other ◽  
Functional Structure ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Urban Structures ◽  
Ecological Requirements

Comprehensive planning of towns and townships takes a wider scale in the country. Therefore, there appears an urgent need to revise or review some conceptions of planning methodology that should be accepted after various alternatives consideration. According to our opinion: a) classification of centres of a settlement system (towns and townships) requires self-determination and equal understanding which, from one side, should reflect more precisely the existing diversity of development between the centres and their functions and, from the other side, the rank granted to these centres should meet the EU criteria; b) the functional structure of towns and townships, reflected by diversity in the purpose of their territory use and its indefinite character during the process of residential area modernization which takes place under market conditions, forces to give upa detailed setting of plot purpose and look for a more universal model of land- use purpose specification which could be applicable not only for planning of rural agricultural territories but for urban planning of residential areas as well. Proposals presented in the paper (Tables 1 and 2) respect the systematic conception of settlement network, accepted in Lithuania and in the other EU countries and based on the hierarchy of elements and development dependency allowing application of sustainability and balance principles for the system element development. They are prepared taking into account new urban planning conceptions and reflecting the following factors: changing business and production conditions as well as growing qualitative safety, service and ecological requirements for a residential environment; increasing importance of economic factors and resulting need for a more rational land use and broader urban internal integration when developing public transportation and urban system for a common space use; respect to stable urban structural elements of residential areas (urban framework) as well as to local cultural identity and historically formed compositional peculiarities; advantages of the functional and social diversity and polycentric character of urban structures.

scholarly journals Fasilitas Transit Transportasi Umum sebagai Media untuk Menciptakan Mobilitas dan Bagian Kota Jakarta yang Sehat

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 879
Author(s):  
Albertus Prawata
Keyword(s):  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
The People ◽  
To Come

Approximately 50% of Indonesia's population lives in cities. One of these towns is a metropolitan city of Jakarta, an area that has a population of over 14.1 million people. New residential areas are springing up in the suburbs of Jakarta due to the urban sprawl that is increasingly out of control. Thus the activities of traveling from home to work will be a major requirement, and this activity has given rise to problems such as traffic jam. In this study, the research conducted on the data of public transportation in Jakarta, which is followed by a literature review, from books, the internet and the results of a survey involving 130 respondents about the use of public and private transport in Jakarta. In addition to the survey, also conducted a comparative study to look directly into the field one factor supporting public transport, the MRT station in Singapore and TransJakarta bus stop on Jalan Sudirman, and do a comparison analysis. The purpose of this paper is to come up with new solutions in public transport facilities presenting a friendly and optimized for all the people of Jakarta. The method used was to collect data through surveys and literature studies.

scholarly journals Walking Access to Public Transportation Stops for City Residents. A Comparison of Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 3758
Author(s):  
Piotr Kaszczyszyn ◽  
Natalia Sypion-Dutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Housing Estate ◽  
Comparison Of Methods ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Bus Stop ◽  
Circular Buffer ◽  
Band Method ◽  
The City

Public transportation in cities is crucial for their sustainable development. The attractiveness of public transport for city residents depends largely on whether they are able to access the nearest stop on foot. The actual time of walking to the nearest stop and the distance covered can be measured using the band method or the circular buffer method. The accuracy of the two methods was compared for the city of Szczecin and one of its residential areas, Pomorzany (ca. 20,000 inhabitants, ca. 7 km2 area). The city provides public tram and bus transportation and has 90 km of streets and pedestrian paths. As shown by the results, the band method proved more accurate in measuring public transport stop accessibility. It showed 53.8% of the stops to be highly accessible, whereas 37.8%, 7.8%, and 0.5% were classified as moderately accessible, poorly accessible, and inaccessible, respectively; the latter would be hardly expected to be used by pedestrians in the Pomorzany neighborhood. The band method allowed also to indicate potential location of a new bus stop which would significantly improve accessibility of public transportation to residents of a housing estate (3000 inhabitants) in the area.

Transportation costs do matter: simulation study from hospital investment decision

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 560-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli-Pekka Hilmola ◽  
Ville Henttu
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Simulation Study ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transportation Modes

Purpose Most OECD countries will have a considerable challenge ahead with an ageing population and necessary health care produced for retired people. Healthcare costs have increased continuously from the mid-1990’s in Finland, and growth is likely to continue in the future, as the amount of older inhabitants is increasing. Furthermore, transportation of patients and their visitors between homes and hospitals is a large component of the total health carehealth care related costs. This paper aims to estimate transport-related costs and develop ways to decrease these costs. Design/methodology/approach A system dynamics simulation model was developed to examine different scenarios for patients and their visitor transportation to hospitals until the year 2040. Model is driven by age distribution of the region and likely by development of the total population. All parameter values were defined based on real-life observations. Findings Patients’ need to travel to hospitals is likely to continue to grow. In addition, quality of travel will change as older retired people are not willing or able to use their own transportation equipment or public transportation modes – this is the main reason for higher transportation costs of patients. Transportation is typically conducted via taxis, private cars and ambulances. Therefore, it is critical that people from the region are able to access hospital services with short proximity. Research limitations/implications Simulation study is limited to one hospital investment decision in Finland. Distances and population densities as well as transportation mode alternatives differ from more populous regions in the world. Practical implications Research findings stressed the importance of keeping their own hospital operations within the region and placing them in a better location. In an alternative case, where a hospital decision would have been abandoned, total transportation costs during 2012-2040 would have increased by at least the same amount that a new hospital is assumed to cost. Originality/value This research is one of the first from the health care sector, where patient transportation modes and ageing is being dealt with in the context of new investments. Patient transportation is often an overlooked issue, which bears significant costs, especially as people age.

PLANNING AND CONTROL IN THE 19th CENTURY ICE TRADE

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda H. Kistler ◽  
Clairmont P. Carter ◽  
Brackston Hinchey
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Foreign Currency ◽  
Transportation Costs ◽  
Planning And Control ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
The World ◽  
And Control ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Impact

This paper describes selected accounting records of the Tudor Ice Company which were devised to manage and control the far-flung business activities of Frederic Tudor, a 19th century entrepreneur who has been called America's first monopolist. Tudor's business genius lay in developing methods of harvesting, transporting, storing, and marketing commercial quantities of ice taken from New England ponds and shipped to tropical ports around the world. Frederic Tudor employed relatively sophisticated accounting techniques to analyze and control transportation costs and the costs of product shrinkage. He also routinely analyzed and translated foreign currency transactions for his geographically dispersed operations and evaluated the impact of competition on his operations.

Impact of Built Environment on Respiratory Health: An Empirical Study

Nano LIFE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 1840001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wangyue Xu ◽  
Xiaojing Zhao ◽  
Lan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Tall Buildings ◽  
Pollution Sources ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
The Impact

In many heavy industrialized countries such as China and India, the impact of air pollution on respiratory health has been headline news in recent years. Among the risk issues examined, exposure to particulate matter (PM) is cited as the prime contributing factor that causes respiratory diseases, yet it is traceable and controllable. In this paper, we report on an empirical study conducted in Shanghai, based on urban spatial determinants as independent variables to investigate its link to occurrence of lung cancer in their neighborhoods. A survey was conducted on a population of 472 lung cancer patients. After reliability and validity tests, only 156 pairs were included in this report. The questionnaire designed for this survey covers 11 outdoor and 6 indoor factors; these include the building density where they live, proximity to pollution sources, volume of traffic nearby, degree of enclosure by surrounding tall buildings, being residential or commercial with reference to their homes, proximity to parks, measured in terms of the plant type, green space per capita, accessibility to public open spaces for outdoor activities and water body; while parameters inside the house cover the age of the house, bedroom sizes, space per occupant, cooling-off time of taking up residency after renovation, humidity and dust inside the houses. Data collected were classified using random forest classification and further refined with Boruta algorithm for feature selection to identify possible correlation between risk of lung cancer to both outdoor and indoor factors of built environment. The results reveal a strong correlation between lung cancer and the environment where they live, so much so that the finding confirms our long-held belief that urban redevelopment could play an important role in reducing the risk of respiratory disease. Since prevention is better than cure, if by design to relocate pollution sources away from residential areas, provision of good public transportation to cut down vehicles on our streets, creation of green spaces to improve airflow pathway to deduce the concentration of PM in the atmosphere in our neighborhoods, we could perhaps reduce or even prevent lung cancer and a range of other respiratory diseases for the residents we served.

Do border effects alter regional development: evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjian Yang ◽  
Mark D Partridge ◽  
Anping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Natural Experiment ◽  
Market Access ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Natural Experiments ◽  
Border Effects ◽  
Population Effects ◽  
Negative Population ◽  
Identification Strategy

Abstract Market access/potential is main explanations for spatial variation in economic activity. Past research has used quasi-natural experiments such as the imposition and removal of the Iron Curtain to assess how changes in market access influence economic outcomes. Rather, we focus on key quantity effects of market access by tracking population changes induced by the creation of a subnational border. We exploit a quasi-natural experiment in China and use a difference-in-difference identification strategy to estimate the effects of introducing a new border when Sichuan province was split into Chongqing and Sichuan in 1997. We find that the new border had negative population effects on Sichuan counties located near the new border. Further investigation finds that such border effects are unique to the new border region and are not related to other factors such as being more rural. We also provide additional evidence to exclude alternative explanations including differences in industry composition or access to transportation.

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