scholarly journals Dissociation between Cervical Mucus and Urinary Hormones during the Postpartum Return of Fertility in Breastfeeding Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-411
Author(s):  
Thomas Bouchard ◽  
Len Blackwell ◽  
Simon Brown ◽  
Richard Fehring ◽  
Suzanne Parenteau-Carreau
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Urinary Hormones

Identifying the return of fertility with cervical mucus observations is challenging during the postpartum period. Use of urinary measurements of estrogen and progesterone can assist in understanding the return to fertility during this period. The purposes of this study were to describe the postpartum return of fertility by an analysis of total estrogen (TE) and pregnanediol glucuronide (PDG) profiles and to correlate these profiles with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six participants collected urine samples during the postpartum period and recorded mucus scores. TE and PDG hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. During amenorrhea, mucus reflected TE changes in only 35 percent of women; after amenorrhea, typical mucus patterns were seen in 33 percent of cycles. We concluded that postpartum mucus and hormone profiles are significantly dissociated but that monitoring urinary hormones may assist in identifying the return of fertility. We also identified different hormonal patterns in the return to fertility. The postpartum period is a challenging time for identifying the return of fertility. The purposes of this study were to describe the hormonal patterns during the return of fertility and to correlate these patterns with cervical mucus observations. Twenty-six postpartum women collected urine samples and recorded mucus scores. Urinary estrogen and progesterone hormones were analyzed and compared with mucus scores. Before the return of menses, mucus reflected hormonal changes in only 35 percent women and after first menses in 33 percent of cycles. We found that hormone profiles do not correlate well with mucus observations during the postpartum return of fertility.

scholarly journals Primary Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of the bilateral Breast and review the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 926-930
Author(s):  
Mirza Mzu Bhuiyan ◽  
Hundzukani Dost Makhubele
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Large B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Pregnancy And Postpartum ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphomas

Primary bilateral breast Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas are the rare tumors found during the pregnancy and postpartum period. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histological diagnosis. Lymphomas in breasts grow faster in pregnant or postpartum women especially, in those who are infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). Confirmation of diagnosis is usually delayed because of breasts’ extraordinary engorgement, hormonal changes during the pregnancy or lactation and most of the patients are diagnosed in advanced stages. Rapidly growing breast mass in HIV patients during the antenatal and postpartum period should undergo prompt investigations and early treatment if proven lymphoma.

SOME ASPECTS OF ACUTE CEREBROVASCULAR PATHOLOGY IN POSTPARTUM WOMEN

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 51-56
Author(s):  
Д.А. Митрохин ◽  
Ж.Б. Дюсембаева ◽  
М.М. Ибрагимов ◽  
А.А. Оспанов ◽  
А.Н. Сембинова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Acute Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Epileptiform Discharges

В данной статье, представлены результаты обследования 17 женщин, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения в послеродовом периоде, с 2017 по 2021 годы, в возрасте от 19 до 39 лет. Показано, что у женщин в послеродовом периоде, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения, выявлено преобладание ишемического инсульта над геморрагическим, что составило 64,7% и 35,3% соответственно. Неврологические признаки церебрального инсульта в послеродовом периоде характеризуются двигательными, речевыми расстройствами, нарушением чувствительности, а также часто психоэмоциональными проявлениями. Генерализованные тонико-клонические приступы чаще наблюдались у пациенток с геморрагическим инсультом (33,3%), в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом (9,1%). У женщин в послеродовом периоде, перенесших острое нарушение мозгового кровообращения, наиболее значимыми факторами риска являются: наличие хронических заболеваний, в том числе отягощенный акушерско-гинекологический анамнез, прием пероральных контрацептивов, а также курение. Биоэлектрическая активность головного мозга характеризовалась выраженной дельта и тета активностью, эпилептиформными разрядами в виде острых волн, спайков и комплексов «пик-волна», с преобладанием у пациенток с геморрагическим инсультом. Более значительное повышение индекса когерентности в дельта и тета диапазонах у пациентов, перенесших геморрагический инсульт, может указывать на более грубые межполушарные нарушения, в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом. Отмечено повышение интегрального индекса диапазона медленно-волновой активности и преобладание процентного отношения спектральных мощностей медленных волн (дельта, тета) к быстрым волнам (альфа, бета), особенно выраженное у больных с геморрагическим инсультом (р < 0,05), в сравнении с ишемическим инсультом. Наиболее тяжелое течение послеродового периода наблюдалось у пациенток с геморрагическим инсультом, именно в этом случае было 2 летальных исхода. This article presents the results of a survey of 17 women with acute cerebrovascular accident in the postpartum period, from 2017 to 2021, aged 19 to 39 years. It is shown that the period in women in the postpartum period, who underwent acute cerebrovascular accident, revealed the prevalence of ischemic stroke over hemorrhagic, which amounted to 64,7% and 35,3%, respectively. Neurological signs of cerebral stroke in the postpartum period are characterized by movement, speech disorders, impaired sensitivity, and often psychoemotional manifestations. Generalized tonic-clonic seizures were more often observed in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (33,3%) in comparison with ischemic stroke (9,1%). In postpartum women who have suffered acute cerebrovascular accident, the most significant risk factors are: the presence of chronic diseases, including a burdened obstetric and gynecological history, taking oral contraceptives, as well as smoking. The bioelectrical activity of the brain was characterized by pronounced delta and theta activity, epileptiform discharges in the form of sharp waves, spikes and peak-wave complexes, with a predominance in patients with hemorrhagic stroke. A more significant increase in the coherence index in the delta and theta ranges in patients after hemorrhagic stroke may indicate more severe interhemispheric disorders in comparison with ischemic stroke. An increase in the integral index of the range of slow-wave activity and a predominance of the percentage of the spectral powers of slow waves (delta, theta) to fast waves (alpha, beta), especially pronounced in patients with hemorrhagic stroke (p <0,05), in comparison with ischemic stroke. The most severe postpartum period was observed in patients with hemorrhagic stroke, in this case there were 2 deaths.

scholarly journals Hemorrhoids in pregnant and postpartum women: principles of therapy

2016 ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
N. A. Lomova ◽  
N. V. Dubrovina ◽  
I. E. Dragun ◽  
E. S. Tolstopyatova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Blood Circulation ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Common Diseases ◽  
Hemostatic Effects ◽  
Improve Blood Flow

Hemorrhoids is one of the most common diseases during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. It can be acute and chronic, and manifests itself in the form of thrombosis, inflammation or bleeding. The course of the disease can be either chronic or acute. Acute hemorrhoids is a complication of the chronic process and is further subdivided into forms according to the severity of inflammation and thrombosis. The classification reflects the pathogenesis of hemorrhoids; it is convenient and practical allowing for an unbiased approach in outlining indications and selecting the desired method of treatment depending on the stage of the disease and its severity. Conservative treatment of acute and chronic hemorrhoids is aimed at relief of symptoms of acute hemorrhoids, preventing complications as well as exacerbations of the chronic disease. Medications used in the treatment have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, hemostatic effects, improve blood flow and blood circulation in cavernous formations. The article tells about the drug of choice in the treatment of hemorrhoids in pregnant and postpartum women.

scholarly journals Traditional Beliefs and Practices among post-partum women attending Postpartum clinic, at Bukulula Health Centre IV Kalungu district

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Irene Nakibuuka
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Routine Care ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Traditional Beliefs ◽  
Maternal Deaths ◽  
Beliefs And Practices

Background: Maternal deaths in the postpartum period contribute greatly to the global burden of maternal mortality especially in developing countries where 99% of these maternal deaths occur. Almost 40% of women develop serious illness after birth, and close to 50% of maternal deaths occur after delivery. Other problems encountered during the postpartum period include anemia, nutritional deficiencies, infection, family violence, and emotional problems most of which are associated with the mothers’ traditional beliefs and practices. Some of these beliefs and practices used are beneficial to their health, some are non-beneficial but harmless whereas others are harmful and greatly contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality. Methodology: This was a qualitative descriptive study that was conducted among ten purposively selected postpartum women attending a postpartum clinic at Bukulula health center IV. Data was collected through in-depth face-to-face interviews using a semi-structured interview guide and an audio recorder to track the proceedings of each interview. Data were analyzed based on emerging themes, following transcription of the interviews. Results: Three themes emerged from the study and these were; dietary precautions, behavioral precautions and hygiene, and physical warmth. Conclusion and recommendation: Some of the traditional beliefs and practices held by postpartum women are beneficial and can be incorporated into routine care provided whereas others are harmful and need to be restructured.

The postpartum period during the COVID-19 pandemic: investigating Turkish women’s postpartum support and postpartum-specific anxiety

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Merve Kochan ◽  
Ayse Deliktas Demirci ◽  
Kamile Kabukcuoglu
Keyword(s):  
Scale Score ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Turkish Women ◽  
Postpartum Support ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to examine how Turkish women were affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in the postpartum period in terms of postpartum support and anxiety variables. Methods The study was conducted with 130 women who gave birth during the COVID-19 period. Data were collected online using a personal information form, Postpartum Support Scale and Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale. Descriptive statistics were used, with Kruskal–Wallis and regression analysis performed. Results All postpartum women stated that they were affected negatively by COVID-19. The most common issues described were feeling alone (25.51%), having economic difficulties (15.5%) and experiencing difficulties accessing health services (21.7%). The mean Postpartum Support Scale score was 102.43 ± 27.67, while the mean Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale score was 188.07 ± 96.71. COVID-19 exposure level had a significant effect on postpartum-specific anxiety (p=0.00). The variables of having a problem during pregnancy (p=0.006), having a baby willingly (p=0.007), and partner’s educational status significantly predicted the degree of being affected by COVID-19 (p=0.025). The degree to which COVID-19 affected the women was determined by having problems during pregnancy, having a baby willingly, and a highly educated partner. Conclusions These variables may inform a resource to empower postpartum women during COVID-19. Healthcare systems need to be organised considering pandemic conditions to provide increased postpartum support, evaluate psychological health, deliver healthcare services, and consider pregnancy periods.

scholarly journals Dietary and lifestyle patterns in UK postpartum women

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriaki Myrissa ◽  
Rebecca Stevens ◽  
Eirini Kelaiditi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviours ◽  
Meal Skipping ◽  
Lifestyle Patterns

AbstractIntroductionHealthy dietary and physical activity behaviours during and after pregnancy are important for optimal maternal health. Unhealthy lifestyle habits promote excessive weight gain during pregnancy or weight retention in the postpartum period, which increase the risk of obesity. The aim of this study was to explore dietary habits and associated lifestyle patterns and barriers to healthy eating in UK postpartum women.MethodsCross-sectional study of 228 females (56.1% were 25–34 years old) with a mean postpartum period of 5.73 ± 3.31 months. Participants completed an online survey exploring eating habits, weight status, sleep duration, breastfeeding, nutrition knowledge, physical activity, provision of advice and barriers to healthy eating during the postpartum period. A sub-sample of 34 women (50% of the sample were between 35–44 years old) completed an optional online dietary intake assessment using a multiple-pass 24-hour recall.ResultsIn total, 73.7% were not meeting the five a day fruit and vegetable UK recommendations, 40.4% of women were skipping breakfast and 44.7% were skipping lunch every day. Average weight gain from pre-pregnancy to postpartum was 5.56 ± 4.61 kg (range = 0.8 to 25 kg) with only 2.2% of women meeting current UK physical activity guidelines during the postpartum period. Consumption of high calorie snacks and meal skipping were significantly higher during the postpartum period compared to pre-pregnancy (p < 0.01). Women who were breastfeeding had significantly lower body mass index than those who were bottle feeding (p < 0.05). Fatigue, lack of time and feeling stressed had the most impact on women's ability to eat healthily. Barriers to consume a balanced healthy diet were significantly greater for women with low combined household income and those having three or more children (p < 0.05). Poor nutrition knowledge was significantly associated with increased meal skipping (p < 0.05). The sub-sample dietary analysis (N = 34) showed that women were not meeting the UK Dietary Reference Values for energy, fibre, iron, and vitamin D intakes. Those breastfeeding were not meeting requirements for calcium and zinc.DiscussionTo our knowledge, this is the first study to explore dietary habits and lifestyle patterns in UK postpartum women. Health care professionals should support women to adopt lifestyle behaviours following childbirth, with a greater focus on those likely to be experiencing more barriers. Advice given to women during the postpartum period needs to be tailored to potential differences in sociodemographic characteristics, pre-pregnancy health status and baseline nutrition knowledge and target multiple dietary and lifestyle behaviours.

scholarly journals Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity in Postpartum Women

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen W. Groer ◽  
Nagwa El-Badri ◽  
Julie Djeu ◽  
S. Nicole Williams ◽  
Bradley Kane ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nk Cells ◽  
Natural Killer ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Nk Cell ◽  
Killer Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Cell Cytotoxicity ◽  
Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity ◽  
Nk Cytotoxicity

Little is known about the recovery of the immune system from normal pregnancy and whether the postpartum period is a uniquely adapted immune state. This report extends previous observations from our group of decreased natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity in the postpartum period. NK cytotoxicity was measured from 1 week through 9 months postpartum. In addition, NK cytotoxicity was assayed in the presence or absence of pooled plasmas collected from either postpartum or nonpostpartum women. Samples of cells were stained for inhibitory receptors and analyzed by flow cytometry. NK cytotoxicity remained decreased in postpartum women compared to controls through the first 6 postpartum months, returned to normal levels by 9 months, and remained normal at 12 months. NK cytotoxicity during the first 6 months was further inhibited by the addition of pooled plasma to NK cultures from postpartum women, but the addition of pooled plasma from the control group did not affect that group’s NK cultures. There were differences in inhibitory receptor staining between the two groups, with decreased CD158a and CD158b and increased NKG2A expression on postpartum NK cells during the first 3 postpartum months. These data suggest that NK cytotoxicity postpartum inhibition lasts 6 months and is influenced by unidentified postpartum plasma components. The effect may also involve receptors on NK cells.

scholarly journals Pregnancy-associated arterial dissections: a nationwide cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (44) ◽  
pp. 4234-4242
Author(s):  
Sebastian E Beyer ◽  
Andrew B Dicks ◽  
Scott A Shainker ◽  
Loryn Feinberg ◽  
Marc L Schermerhorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Secondary Outcomes ◽  
Peripartum Period ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Abstract Aims Pregnancy is a known risk factor for arterial dissection, which can result in significant morbidity and mortality in the peripartum period. However, little is known about the risk factors, timing, distribution, and outcomes of arterial dissections associated with pregnancy. Methods and results We included all women ≥12 years of age with hospitalizations associated with pregnancy and/or delivery in the Nationwide Readmissions Database between 2010 and 2015. The primary outcome was any dissection during pregnancy, delivery, or the postpartum period (42-days post-delivery). Secondary outcomes included timing of dissection, location of dissection, and in-hospital mortality. Among 18 151  897 pregnant patients, 993 (0.005%) patients were diagnosed with a pregnancy-related dissection. Risk factors included older age (32.8 vs. 28.0 years), multiple gestation (3.6% vs. 1.9%), gestational diabetes (14.3% vs. 0.2%), gestational hypertension (6.0% vs. 0.6%), and pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (2.7% vs. 0.4%), in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Of the 993 patients with dissection, 150 (15.1%) dissections occurred in the antepartum period, 232 (23.4%) were diagnosed during the admission for delivery, and 611 (61.5%) were diagnosed in the postpartum period. The most common locations for dissections were coronary (38.2%), vertebral (22.9%), aortic (19.8%), and carotid (19.5%). In-hospital mortality was 3.7% among pregnant patients with a dissection vs. &lt;0.001% in patients without a dissection. Deaths were isolated to patients with an aortic (8.6%), coronary (4.2%), or supra-aortic (&lt;2.5%) dissection. Conclusion Arterial dissections occurred in 5.5/100 000 hospitalized pregnant or postpartum women, most frequently in the postpartum period, and were associated with high mortality risk. The coronary arteries were most commonly involved. Pregnancy-related dissections were associated with traditional risk factors, as well as pregnancy-specific conditions.

scholarly journals Postpartum Depression and its Associated Factors: A Community-based Study in Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Anisha Chalise ◽  
Tulsi Ram Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Family Care ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Postpartum depression is a type of mental disorder associated with childbirth during pregnancy or within the first postpartum year. It is reported as a common psychological health problem affecting 10-15% of women worldwide. The duration of postpartum depression frequently depends on its severity and the time of initiation of treatment. This study assessed depression and its associated factors among postpartum period women of Godavari municipality, Lalitpur, Nepal.Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted using Edinburg Postpartum Depression Scale among 195 mothers who were within six months of the postpartum period. The chi-square and logistic regression were applied to establish the association between postpartum depression and associated factors. Results: Out of the total 195 postpartum women, 37(19%) women suffered from depression and out of those women 2.1% had suicidal thoughts. Among the associated factors, education, occupation, the intent of pregnancy, family support and pregnancy-related problems/complications were found to be significantly associated with Postpartum depression (p<0.05). Conclusions: Nearly one-fifth postpartum women suffered from some type of depression. It is one of the public health concerns which directly or indirectly corresponds to the socio-economic condition of the women. The improved education and economic status of women, intention of pregnancy, family care and support during pregnancy and the postpartum period and early diagnosis and management of health problems could reduce the magnitude of the postpartum depression. Keywords: Associated factors of postpartum depression; edinburg postpartum depression scale; Nepal; postpartum depression.

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