Psychometric Properties of Scales for the Measurement of Psychosocial Variables Associated with Depression in Adolescence1

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_part_1) ◽  
pp. 1019-1046
Author(s):  
Judy A. Andrews ◽  
Peter M. Lewinsohn ◽  
Hyman Hops ◽  
Robert E. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Family Social Support

In preparation for a community-based study of depression in adolescence, several pilot studies were conducted with samples of adolescents. The purpose of these studies was to evaluate the reliability and association with depression of several instruments when used with older (14- to 18-year-old) adolescents. These instruments included measures of cognitions, body image, self-esteem, self-awareness, social interactions with peers and family, social support, micro- and macrostressful life events, anxiety and tension, positive affect, antisocial or oppositional behavior, suicidal ideation, and vocabulary. The internal consistency reliability and stability of most of the instruments were satisfactory. In addition, most instruments were associated with a measure of depression, Radloff's Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale. Several of the scales were successfully abbreviated using techniques based on factor analysis and item analysis.

Dimensions of the Center of Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale for People with Arthritis from the UK

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 915-919 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie H. Barlow ◽  
Chris C. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
National Study ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Uk

The aim of this study was to investigate the factor structure and to conduct an item analysis of the Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression Scale (CES–D) among people with arthritis from the UK. This 20-item self-report scale was designed by Radloff in 1977 to measure depressive symptomatology in the general population. Data were drawn from a national study and collected through self-administered questionnaires mailed to participants, each of whom had a confirmed diagnosis of arthritis. Reliability and structure of the scale were examined using standard item analysis, internal consistency (Cronbach alpha), and principal components analysis. A four-dimensional structure was identified: Self-worth, Depressed Affect, Positive Affect, and Somatic Disturbance; three items loaded on two factors and were excluded from consideration. Comparisons with previous studies indicated some differences in the subscales and showed that, in this sample, two subscales might be artifacts of measurement. In samples of people with arthritis from the UK, use of the total score may not reflect accurate depressive symptomatology and the subscale scores should be used with caution.

scholarly journals Self-Esteem and Feelings of Community Connectedness of At-Risk Adolescents Attending Community-Based Afterschool Programs

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-92
Author(s):  
Tina Loughlin ◽  
Rosemary V. Barnett ◽  
Gerald R. Culen ◽  
Nicole L. P. Stedman ◽  
Caroline Payne-Purvis
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Afterschool Programs ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Community Connectedness ◽  
Community Issues ◽  
At Risk Adolescents

This research investigated the relationship between adolescent afterschool program attendance, self-esteem and feelings of community connectedness. Thirty-nine of the 61 at-risk adolescents enrolled in two federally funded, community based afterschool programs participated in the study. Participants completed a 10-item self-esteem questionnaire and a 5-item section of the Youth Involved in Community Issues Survey (YICI) to measure perceptions of community connectedness. Attendance records were also collected from the sites. Data were analyzed using Pearson Correlations. Results indicated that there was not a significant relationship between the total variables. The individual item analysis, however, did find a significant relationship between adolescent community connectedness and self esteem items. Findings suggest that there is a relationship to be explored and strengthened through means of community outreach for adolescents. Conclusions from this study have important implications for youth practice. Specifically, program leaders need to help adolescents get involved in the community as contributing members.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the Persian Version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Among the Iranian Public People During COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Pardis Rahmatpour ◽  
Erika Sivarajan Froelicher ◽  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
Omolhoda Kaveh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Two Factors

Background: Several studies indicate a high prevalence of depression around the world during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a valid instrument to capture the depression of an individual in this situation is both important and timely. The present study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) among the public during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran.Method: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in the Iranian population (n = 600) from April to July 2020. A two-part online form was used: sociodemographic characteristics and depression items (CES-D). The construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the scale were evaluated.Result: The results of the exploratory factor analysis illustrated two factors with 43.35% of the total variance of the depression were explained. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that this model fits well. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated, and it was acceptable.Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that, in the Iranian sample, this depression scale yielded two factors (somatic and positive affects) solutions with suitable psychometric properties.

scholarly journals Psychometric Properties of the PHQ-9 and CESD-R Depression Measures with Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 882-882
Author(s):  
Emma Katz ◽  
Rachael Spalding ◽  
Barry Edelstein
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Assessment Instruments ◽  
Age Related

Abstract Our understanding of older adult depression has been impeded by the paucity of assessment instruments with validity evidence for older adults. Therefore, measures of depression that were initially developed for use with younger adults are commonly used with older adults as well, such as the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale-Revised (CESD-R; Eaton et al., 2004) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9; Kroenke, Spitzer, & Williams, 2001). The CESD-R (Jiang et al., 2019; Van Dam & Earleywine, 2011) and PHQ-9 (Indu et al., 2018; Levis, Benedetti, & Thombs, 2019) have strong psychometric support for their use with young adults, and are two frequently used depression measures. In light of age-related differences in the experience and presentation of depression (e.g., Balsamo, et al., 2015; Fiske, Wetherell, & Gatz, 2009; Hybels, Laderman, & Blazer, 2012; Wuthrich, Johnco & Wetherell, 2015), the present study examined the psychometric properties of these instruments with older adults. Two-hundred-and-seventy-seven older adults (ages 65 and older) completed an online survey including the PHQ-9, CESD-R, and instruments measuring several other constructs with anticipated relations to depression (anxiety, general depression, positive and negative affect, self-esteem, personality traits, and satisfaction with life). The relation between the two depression scales and measures of the other constructs were examined. Both the PHQ-9 and CESD-R evidenced good internal consistency reliability (a = .82 and .83, respectively) and strong correlations in anticipated directions with many of the related constructs. These results support the use of the CESD-R and PHQ-9 with community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Validation of the 10-Item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale: The Case of Russian Youth

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofya Nartova-Bochaver ◽  
Aleksei Korneev ◽  
Konstantin Bochaver
Keyword(s):  
Negative Affect ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Russian Version ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Mental Well Being

This study validates the 10-item Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC-10) on a Russian youth sample. A total of 689 respondents participated (Mage = 20.22, SDage = 2.08; 526 females). The Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-being Scale, the International Positive and Negative Affect Schedule Short-Form, the Centre of Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Authenticity Scale were used to examine the content validity of CD-RISC-10. Two hypotheses were examined: that the Russian version of the CD-RISC-10 (1) has structural validity (is unifactorial, as the original version) and (2) has convergent validity (which is proven by positive connections with psychological well-being and negative connections with ill-being). According to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), it was shown that the scale really had a unifactorial structure; its reliability was satisfactory (α =.85, ωh =.84). No age trends in the CD-RISC-10 scores were detected; in males, the scores were higher than in females. As expected, CD-RISC-10 was positively connected with mental well-being, positive affect, self-esteem, and authentic living while negatively connected with depressive symptoms, negative affect, acceptance of external influence, and self-alienation. The Russian version of CD-RISC-10 seems to be a valid, stable, and reliable instrument which may be recommended for use in various areas of research and practice.

A Psychometric Investigation of the Standard and Short Form Beck Depression Inventory

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1167-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Gould
Keyword(s):  
Beck Depression Inventory ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Standard Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Female College Students ◽  
Screening Measure ◽  
Psychometric Investigation ◽  
Brief Screening

The reliability, validity, and factor structure of the standard 21-item and short 13-item forms of the Beck Depression Inventory were investigated for 42 male and 143 female college students. The internal consistency reliability was .82 for the standard form and .78 for the short form. The correlation between the standard and short form was .94. Both forms also correlated significantly with scores on the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale, the UCLA Loneliness Scale, and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale. The results support the use of the short form as a reliable and valid brief screening measure of depression.

Anxious Attachment and Self-Reported Depressive Symptomatology in Women

1998 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 294-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm West ◽  
M Sarah Rose ◽  
Marja J Verhoef ◽  
Sheila Spreng ◽  
Mary Bobey
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Anxious Attachment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attachment Figure ◽  
Depressed Group

Objective: Lack of intimacy has been identified as an important provoking agent that increases the risk of depressive symptoms in women. This study precisely characterized lack of intimacy by assessing a woman's attachment style and investigated the specificity of association between depressive symptoms and an anxious attachment pattern. Method: Four hundred and twenty women participated in this cross-sectional study of depressive symptomatology and anxious attachment. All participants completed the following measures: a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Reciprocal Attachment Questionnaire, the Social Support Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Global Assessment of Recent Stress Scale. Results: A score of 16 or above on the CES-D, which indicates the presence of depressive symptoms, was used to divide the sample into 2 groups: a depressed group (N = 129) and a nondepressed group (N = 291). We found that women in the depressive symptomatology group were more likely than women in the nondepressive symptomatology group to exhibit anxious attachment and adverse social and cognitive characteristics. Lower levels of self-esteem and higher levels of recent stress were also predictive of depressive symptomatology. Feared loss of the attachment figure and a lack of use of the attachment figure were independent predictors of depressive symptomatology in the same model. Conclusion: The feared loss of security associated with an attachment figure seems to be related to an increased likelihood of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Factor structure and measurement invariance of the Chinese version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression (CES-D) scale among undergraduates and clinical patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lishui Niu ◽  
Jiayue He ◽  
Chang Cheng ◽  
Jinyao Yi ◽  
Xiang Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Five Factor Model ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Internal Consistency Reliability ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Hunan Province

Abstract Background The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CESD) was widely used for screening of depressive symptoms. The purpose of the current study was to investigate the factor structure and measurement invariance of the CESD across genders and groups in a sample of Chinese undergraduates and clinical patients. Methods Participants included 3093 undergraduates from the Hunan province and 336 patients from psychological clinics. The structure of the CESD scale was analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Multiple sets of CFAs were used to test measurement invariance across genders among undergraduates and clinical patients. Internal consistency reliability was also evaluated. Results The five-factor model achieved satisfactory fit (in the undergraduate sample: WLSMVχ2 = 1662.385, df = 160, CFI = 0.973, TLI = 0.968, RMSEA = 0.055; in the clinical patients: WLSMVχ2 = 502.089, df = 160, CFI = 0.962, TLI = 0.955, RMSEA = 0.072). The measurement invariance of the five-factor model across genders was supported fully assuming different degrees of invariance. The CESD also showed acceptable internal consistency. Conclusion Due to its sound structure and measurement invariance, the five-factor model of the CESD is best suited for testing in Chinese mainland college students and clinical patients.

scholarly journals A Community-Based Walk-In Screening of Depression in Taiwan

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Yu Tai ◽  
Tzu-Chiao Ma ◽  
Ling-Chun Wang ◽  
Yuan-Han Yang
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Community Based ◽  
High Association ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Suicidal Attempts

Depression is a crucial public health problem because of its relatively high association with suicidal attempts, prolonged social isolation, poor physical health, and dementia. However, the available data and study on the prevalence of depression in Taiwan were mostly completed within the previous 1 to 2 decades, and these studies were limited to certain areas or populations. Little is known regarding the current status of depression in Taiwan. We used a brief tool, the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), to screen depression in 4 areas among the general and aged population. The results showed a higher CES-D score in the southern area among general (mean ± SD: 7.8 ± 8.4) or aged participants (mean ± SD: 7.2 ± 8.0) compared with other areas. The ratio of suspected depression patients was 16.4% of all recruited participants and 13.3% of aged participants. These results may provide information for this public health issue.

scholarly journals What Explains the Association between Usage of Social Networking Sites (SNS) and Depression Symptoms? The Mediating Roles of Self-Esteem and Fear of Missing Out

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3916
Author(s):  
Angel Nga Man Leung ◽  
Wilbert Law ◽  
Yvonne Yiqing Liang ◽  
Antony Chun Lam Au ◽  
Cheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Fear Of Missing Out

The goal of the study was to understand the mechanisms of how social networking sites (SNS) usage is related to depression symptoms, as measured by the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CESD). Three studies were conducted to examine the mediation roles of self-esteem and Fear of Missing Out (FoMO). In Study 1, among 347 Chinese college students, time spent on SNS was negatively associated with self-esteem; while self-esteem then negatively associated with depression symptoms. In Study 2, among 180 Chinese college students, time spent on SNS was positively related to FoMO; while FoMO then positively related to depression symptoms. In Study 3, among 233 Chinese university students, both self-esteem and FoMO were simultaneously included in the mediation model to test their respective roles in explaining depression symptoms. Results showed that more time spent on SNS was related to lower self-esteem, and higher FoMO, respectively; while self-esteem then negatively, and FoMO then positively, explained depression symptoms, respectively. In addition, when participants spent 3.5 h (Study 1), 2.5 h (Study 2), and 2.54 h (Study 3) on SNS, they reached the cutoff for subthreshold depression, as measured by CESD. Combining results from three studies, both self-esteem and FoMO mediated the relation between SNS usage and depression symptoms. This study provides implications to understand the mechanism of SNS-related depression.

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