Sociocultural Sustainability and the Formation of Social Capital from Community-based Tourism

2020 ◽  
pp. 004728752093367
Author(s):  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Yu Xiong ◽  
Timothy J. Lee ◽  
Min Ye ◽  
Robin Nunkoo
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Resident Perceptions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Community Belonging ◽  
Tourism Community

Favorable resident perceptions of the development of social capital resulting from hosting community-based tourism is an important issue for the Chinese authorities. This study aimed to develop and test a multidimensional scale to evaluate the perceived social impacts from tourism on social capital from sustainable community-based tourism in China. A questionnaire was distributed to host community residents (430) in Fanhe village, Guangdong Province. Analysis from this survey resulted in the development of a six-factor model incorporating 20 items in the six groups. This allowed the researchers to assess perceived social impacts on social capital: covering collective efficacy, community belonging, traditional social regulations, community cohesion, social networking, and community competence. The study reveals the multidimensional nature of perceived tourism social impacts on social capital in the Chinese tourism community and contributes to a better understanding of how residents view the social capital associated with community-based tourism as part of sustainable development.

scholarly journals CREATIVE TOURISM COMMUNITY BASED PADA KAWASAN PANTAI SUNOR LESTARI, DESA PANGKAL NIUR, KABUPATEN BANGKA (Studi terhadap Pemberdayaan Masyarakat di Komunitas Pedesaan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Herdiyanti, Bustami Rahman dan Panggio Restu Wilujeng
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Illegal Mining ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
Beach Tourism ◽  
Management And Development ◽  
Tourism Community

This study aims to explain how the community empowerment strategy carried out by the people of Pangkal Niur Village in managing and developing the Sunor Tourism area as community-based creative tourism (community-based creative tourism). The people of Pangkal Niur Village have high social capital, as manifested through their social activities and movements in building and developing the Sunor Beach area as a creative tourism. Therefore, it is interesting to make this village as a reference for the local government to be actively involved in the activities of the community as a form of preserving the environment through tourism by refusing the operation of tin mining in the area. This research uses qualitative research methods, which includes research that uses data collection techniques conducted by purposive sampling. The results of this study can be used as a basis for the village and regional governments to respond to the occurrence of illegal mining activities carried out in the Sunor Beach area. The social capital  of the community is an access that can be used by the community in empowering the villagers through the management and development of Sunor Beach tourism. In addition, it is a motivation for village officials to be alert in providing assistance and facilities for people who have a high ethos in developing Sunor Beach tourism. Community empowerment is inseparable from the creativity of the community, as a form of community economic development. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana strategi pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Desa Pangkal Niur dalam mengelola dan mengembangkan kawasan Wisata Sunor sebagai wisata kreatif berbasis masyarakat (creative tourism community based). Masyarakat Desa Pangkal Niur memiliki modal sosial yang cukup tinggi ini terbukti dari aktivitas dan gerakan sosial yang dibangun melalui pengembangan kawasan Pantai Sunor sebagai wisata kreatif (creative tourism).  Oleh karenanya kajian ini sangat menarik untuk diteliti sebagai rujukan nantinya untuk pemerintah desa dan daerah untuk terlibat atas gerakan dilakukan oleh masyarakat sebagai suatu perwujudan untuk melestarikan lingkungan melalui wisata dengan menolak beroperasinya tambang timah di kawasan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini termasuk penelitian yang menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yang dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian ini menjadi basis bagi pemerintah desa dan daerah untuk dapat mengambil sikap terjadinya aktivitas tambang ilegal yang dilakukan di daerah kawasan Pantai Sunor. Modal sosial yang dimiliki masyarakat menjadi akses yang bisa dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat dalam melakukan pemberdayaan melalui pengelolaan dan pengembangan wisata Pantai Sunor. Selain itu, menjadi motivasi bagi aparatur desa untuk sigap dalam memberikan bantuan dan fasilitas bagi masyarakat yang memiliki etos tinggi dalam pengembangan wisata Pantai Sunor. Pemberdayaan masyarakat yang dilakukan tentunya tidak terlepas dari kreativitas yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat sebagai wujud pembangunan ekonomi masyarakat.

E-Voting Kepala Desa dan Modal Sosial

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 759
Author(s):  
Khaulah Afifah ◽  
Lala M Kolopaking ◽  
Zessy Ardinal Barlan
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
The Social ◽  
Voting System

Head of a village election with e-voting system is a new thing for community The success level of e-voting system can be reached by fulfil several principles in order to the implementation going effective and the result of the election can be accepted by all. The objectives of this research is to analyze the relation between the success level of e-voting system with social capital of the community. This research is carried out with the quantitative approach and supported by qualitative data. This research takes 60 respondents using simple random sampling technique. The results showed that the success level of e-voting has a correlation with the level of social capital of the community. Based on the field study, the social capital of the community is classified as high. The high social capital makes the implementation of e-voting successful and the success level is also high, because in the election ten years ago occurred a conflict. The community considers e-voting easier and more practical, cost effective and time-saving, and the results of e-voting are also reliable. A practical and fast of e-voting system can be a solution especially for “rural-urban” community who are busy or work outside the village.Keywords: E-voting, the success level of the system, social capital Pemilihan kepala desa dengan sistem e-voting merupakan hal yang baru bagi masyarakat. Keberhasilan penerapan sistem e-voting dilihat dari terpenuhinya beberapa prinsip agar penerapannya berlangsung efektif dan hasilnya dapat diterima oleh seluruh masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan tingkat keberhasilan sistem e-voting dalam pemilihan kepala desa dengan tingkat modal sosial masyarakat. Bentuk penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif yang didukung oleh analisis data kualitatif. Penelitian ini mengambil enam puluh responden dengan teknik simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat keberhasilan e-voting memiliki hubungan dengan tingkat modal sosial masyarakat. Berdasarkan kajian di lapang, modal sosial masyarakat tergolong tinggi. Tingginya modal sosial tersebut membuat pelaksanaan e-voting berhasil dan tingkat keberhasilannya juga tergolong tinggi karena pada pemilihan sepuluh tahun silam sempat terjadi konflik. Masyarakat menganggap sistem evoting lebih mudah dan praktis, hemat dalam segi biaya dan waktu, serta hasil dari pemilihan juga dapat dipertanggungjawabkan. Sistem e-voting yang praktis dan cepat dapat menjadi solusi khususnya bagi masyarakat daerah “desa-kota” yang memiliki kesibukan atau pekerjaan di luar desa.Kata Kunci: E-voting, keberhasilan sistem, modal sosial. 

Social Capital and Sustainable Health Care: An Analysis of Community Based Palliative Care Model of Kerala

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Azeez. E.P
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Social Services ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Voluntary Organizations ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Palliative Care Units

Social Capital is the most crucial asset which significantly influence the efficacy and resilience of any community. Social capital is a dependent variable that depends upon the competence and coherence of the individuals in the community and mode of social relationships, trust and networks they maintain. It is one of the most sustainable social resources that originate from human relations and results on the mutual support of people. Utilization of Social capital has a wide applicability in the process of social inclusion, especially in dealing with the vulnerable and disadvantaged sections in the community itself. Voluntary organizations are very keen to utilize the social capital for community/social services and community development in a sustainable manner. Community based de-institutionalized Palliative Care is one of the foremost among such organizations that made social capital in a strategic way for social inclusion and community well being. This paper analyses the extent to which different elements of social capital helps in initiating the sustainable community based palliative care movement by assessing the unique intervention strategies carried out by the palliative care. This paper explores conceptual questions of how social capital and voluntary community based services are correlated. A case study method was adopted for the study in which ten palliative care units were analyzed. The results show that a number of social capital elements are playing a vital role in the sustainability of community palliative care movement in Kerala.

Assessment of the Social Impacts of Community Based Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 268-302
Author(s):  
Robin Boustead ◽  
Sushma Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Local Economy ◽  
Community Control ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Impact

Abstract We set out to assess the social impacts of tourism in a Community Based Tourism (CBT) destination by asking the following questions; (1) from a community and individual perspective, what are the major issues faced in a CBT destination?, and (2) is there any pattern to, or similarity between, quality of life and liveable environment impacts in a CBT destination? The Sagarmatha (Mt Everest) National Park in Nepal is used for the study area and where tourism is clearly an important contributor to the local economy. Despite high levels of resident and visitor satisfaction with tourism, survey results indicate that the major issues faced by communities and individuals in the Sagarmatha National Park and Buffer Zone (SNPBZ) are related to uncontrolled tourism development. This is most evident in a lack of relevant skills and training, increasing time burden to cater for tourists, frustrations felt by residents during peak season, the impact of inbound migration, lack of community control and most importantly, the impact of waste and water pollution. Management of the SNPBZ is based on a multi-stakeholder system that includes local population participation, but it does not seem to be working very well. Our survey indicates that uncontrolled growth of tourism businesses is placing increasing pressures on traditional cultures and the environment, thus creating negative impacts on quality of live and liveable environment for residents. Without an effective management system that enhances the ability of communities and Park management to control the impact of tourism, the situation is very likely to worsen in the future.

scholarly journals Social Capital in Community-Based Waste Bank Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Shafiera Amalia
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Trust Network ◽  
Bank Management ◽  
The Social ◽  
Waste Bank ◽  
Shared Commitment

The waste bank is an innovative method to increase knowledge and behaviour to manage household waste. As a collective action at the community level, social capital has a vital role in the management of the waste bank. This study aims to identify and analyse how the level of trust, network, and social norms play a role in creating a sustainable, community-based waste bank management. This research used the qualitative approach and descriptive method. The data collection techniques were carried out using observations, literature studies, and in-depth interviews. The data were analysed using a qualitative-descriptive technique. The study shows that The Lintas Winongo Waste Bank is a community-based waste bank because it was established and managed by community members in RW 11, Bumijo Urban Village, Yogyakarta City. The manager of Lintas Winongo Waste Bank collaborates with several actors to support the management of the waste bank. The Lintas Winongo Waste bank management requires trust between the actors because it is related to the flow of money. The trust between the actors is built through the transparency of the waste bank management process. The network has a role in exchanging information and providing access to various resources required. The strategies to build networking with the actors are communication, shared understanding regarding the purpose of the waste bank, and a shared commitment to support the waste bank management. The social norms are required to maintain the transparency process and trust between the actors. Moreover, the social norm can build awareness of the citizens to manage domestic waste.

scholarly journals Social Capital Dimensions are Differentially Associated with COVID-19 Vaccinations, Masks, and Physical Distancing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibtihal Ferwana ◽  
Lav R. Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Residential Mobility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Family Unity

Background Social capital has been associated with health outcomes in communities and can explain variations in different geographic localities. Social capital has also been associated with behaviors that promote better health and reduce the impacts of diseases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing, face masking, and vaccination have all been essential in controlling contagion. These behaviors have not been uniformly adopted by communities in the United States. Using different facets of social capital to explain the differences in public behaviors among communities during pandemics is lacking. Objective This study examines the relationship among public health behavior, vaccination, face masking, and physical distancing during COVID-19 pandemic and social capital indices in counties in the United States. Methods We used publicly available vaccination data as of June 2021, face masking data in July 2020, and mobility data from mobile phones movements from the end of March 2020. Then, correlation analysis was conducted with county-level social capital index and its subindices (family unity, community health, institutional health, and collective efficacy) that were obtained from the Social Capital Project by the United States Senate. Results We found the social capital index and its subindices differentially correlate with different public health behaviors. Vaccination is associated with institutional health: positively with fully vaccinated population and negatively with vaccination hesitancy. Also, wearing masks negatively associates with community health, whereases reduced mobility associates with better community health. Further, residential mobility positively associates with family unity. By comparing correlation coefficients, we find that social capital and its subindices have largest effect sizes on vaccination and residential mobility. Conclusion Our results show that different facets of social capital are significantly associated with adoption of protective behaviors, e.g., social distancing, face masking, and vaccination. As such, our results suggest that differential facets of social capital imply a Swiss cheese model of pandemic control planning where, e.g., institutional health and community health, provide partially overlapping behavioral benefits.

scholarly journals Social capital dimensions are differentially associated with COVID-19 vaccinations, masks, and physical distancing

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0260818
Author(s):  
Ibtihal Ferwana ◽  
Lav R. Varshney
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Community Health ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Residential Mobility ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Social ◽  
Family Unity

Background Social capital has been associated with health outcomes in communities and can explain variations in different geographic localities. Social capital has also been associated with behaviors that promote better health and reduce the impacts of diseases. During the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing, face masking, and vaccination have all been essential in controlling contagion. These behaviors have not been uniformly adopted by communities in the United States. Using different facets of social capital to explain the differences in public behaviors among communities during pandemics is lacking. Objective This study examines the relationship among public health behavior—vaccination, face masking, and physical distancing—during COVID-19 pandemic and social capital indices in counties in the United States. Methods We used publicly available vaccination data as of June 2021, face masking data in July 2020, and mobility data from mobile phones movements from the end of March 2020. Then, correlation analysis was conducted with county-level social capital index and its subindices (family unity, community health, institutional health, and collective efficacy) that were obtained from the Social Capital Project by the United States Senate. Results We found the social capital index and its subindices differentially correlate with different public health behaviors. Vaccination is associated with institutional health: positively with fully vaccinated population and negatively with vaccination hesitancy. Also, wearing masks negatively associates with community health, whereases reduced mobility associates with better community health. Further, residential mobility positively associates with family unity. By comparing correlation coefficients, we find that social capital and its subindices have largest effect sizes on vaccination and residential mobility. Conclusion Our results show that different facets of social capital are significantly associated with adoption of protective behaviors, e.g., social distancing, face masking, and vaccination. As such, our results suggest that differential facets of social capital imply a Swiss cheese model of pandemic control planning where, e.g., institutional health and community health, provide partially overlapping behavioral benefits.

scholarly journals The Social Consequences of the Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Outbreak in Iran: Is Social Capital at Risk? A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mohadeseh Motamed-Jahromi ◽  
Mohammad Hossein Kaveh
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Psychosocial Disorders ◽  
The Social ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

As well as causing a global health crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic has also generated multilevel social changes by damaging psychosocial and economic resources across Iranian society. Therefore, this qualitative study was conducted to examine and explain these social consequences and their impact on the social capital of Iran during the COVID-19 outbreak. Using a content analysis approach, nine experts participated in semistructured, in-depth interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Lundman and Graneheim’s method. The social impacts of COVID-19 can be summarized into six categories and 32 subcategories. Three positive-negative categories emerged from the data analysis: “formation of new patterns of social communications; formation of new patterns of behavior; creation of economic changes.” Three entirely negative categories included “creating a climate of distrust; disruption of cultural, social, and religious values; psychosocial disorders.” Overall, most findings (27 out of 32 subcategories) indicated the destructive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on social capital. Therefore, this raises concerns about social capital endangerment in Iran. However, positive social impacts can guide policies that strengthen social action and improve social capital.

scholarly journals Social Impacts of Dam-Induced Displacement and Resettlement: A Comparative Case Study in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youliang Huang ◽  
Wensheng Lin ◽  
Shan Li ◽  
Yan Ning
Keyword(s):  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Host Community ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Impacts

Dam projects are inevitably accompanied by massive displacement and resettlement, which imposes intricate social impacts on the host community. This study aims to investigate the social impacts of dam-induced displacement and resettlement in China through a comparative case study where both the control and experimental groups were investigated. Data were collected through a mix of questionnaire-survey, archival files, and face-to-face interviews. The results show that dam-induced displacement and resettlement was conducive to improving residence conditions and facilitating the acceptance of rural cooperative medical insurance. But it had negative impacts on employment, income level and income resource, and overall well-being. Implications for theory and for practice are provided in the end.

Reexamining Social Class Differences in the Availability and the Educational Utility of Parental Social Capital

2008 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Ream ◽  
Gregory J. Palardy
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Educational Inequality ◽  
Ethnographic Research ◽  
Class Differences ◽  
The Social ◽  
Class Status

Emergent ethnographic research disentangles “social capital” from other components of social class (e.g., material and human capital) to show how class-stratified parental social networks exacerbate educational inequality among schoolchildren. The authors build upon this research by using survey data to reexamine whether certain forms of parental social capital create educational advantages for socioeconomically privileged students vis-à-vis their less economically fortunate peers. By drawing a distinction between the availability of social capital and its convertibility, the authors find that whereas larger stocks of parental social capital accompany higher rungs on the social class ladder, its educational utility is less clearly associated with class status. A possible exception to this pattern pertains to the educational utility of middle-class parents’ ideas about the collective efficacy of influencing school policies and practices. At issue is whether a more inclusive understanding of the material and sociological reasons for educational inequality can spur educationally useful social exchange among parents across social class boundaries.

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