scholarly journals The Limits of Pragmatism: The Rise and Fall of the Brazilian Workers’ Party (2002–2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Mendes Loureiro ◽  
Alfredo Saad-Filho
Keyword(s):  
Economic Change ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Political Alliances ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Base Of Support ◽  
Distribution Of Income

Under favorable external circumstances, the pragmatic political and economic strategy of Brazil’s Partido dos Trabalhadores (Workers’ Party—PT) helped to secure short-term political stability, boosted growth, and supported an unprecedented distribution of income. However, it also meant that the PT had to accommodate to rather than transform the constraints on growth in Brazil and that stability would involve unwieldy political alliances preventing deeper reforms. When it was confronted with deteriorating global economic conditions and increasingly ineffectual economic policies, the PT’s strategy immobilized the party, facilitated the dissolution of its base of support, and expedited its ouster from power. The Brazilian experience suggests that political pragmatism can, within limits, support progressive economic change but that the outcomes depend heavily on external circumstances and the stability of the political coalitions supporting the administration. Em circunstâncias externas favoráveis, a pragmática estratégia política e econômica do Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) ajudou a assegurar a estabilidade política no curto prazo, impulsionou o crescimento e apoiou uma distribuição de renda sem precedentes. No entanto, isso também significou que o PT teve que se acomodar a, em vez de transformar, as restrições ao crescimento no Brasil, e que a estabilidade envolveria alianças políticas comprometedoras, impedindo reformas mais profundas. Quando foi confrontada com a deterioração das condições econômicas globais e apresentando políticas econômicas cada vez mais ineficazes, a estratégia do PT imobilizou o partido, facilitou a dissolução de sua base de apoio e acelerou sua saída do poder. A experiência brasileira sugere que o pragmatismo político pode, dentro de certos limites, apoiar a mudança econômica progressista, mas que os resultados dependem muito das circunstâncias externas e da estabilidade das coalizões políticas que apóiam a administração.

Bolivia's business elites have shifted to Morales

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Groups ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Business Elites ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Collaborative Working ◽  
The Government

Subject Government-business relations. Significance President Evo Morales’s government has established a collaborative working relationship with the country’s most powerful business elites that belies its leftist rhetoric. This is based on an understanding that while government offers large corporate interests favourable economic conditions, business groups will refrain from conspiring against the government in the political sphere. Thus, the government has managed to minimise the sort of pro-regional tensions that characterised its first term in office (2006-10), driving a wedge between economic and political elites. Impacts The economic policies pursued by the Morales administration will continue to prove, broadly, good for business. Smaller-scale businesses have been less beneficially treated, but lack political lobbying power. Avoidance of strife with the more powerful business groups will continue to help underpin political stability.

The Israeli Coalition System

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 397-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Z. Paltiel
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Political System ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
State Building ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
The Stability ◽  
State Of Israel

ANALYSTS OF THE ISRAELI POLITICAL SYSTEM HAVE COMMONLY attributed the stability of the polity to factors closely associated with the role played by the various Israeli parties in the state's economic and social life, and/or to the existence of a dominant, institutionalized state-building party. The consociational approach ought to help to clarify those factors which have maintained the stability of the coalition system which has governed the state of Israel since its establishment in 1948 and whose roots may be traced back as far as 1933 and even earlier.The consociational model and the theory of elite accommodation have been elaborated in an effort to explain the maintenance of continuing political stability in what at first glance would appear to be societies deeply divided along social, economic, ethnic, religious and ideological lines. Political stability in fragmented societies from this standpoint rests on the overarching commitment of the political elites to the preservation and maintenance of the system and their readiness to cooperate to this end.

scholarly journals Quest for Political Stability: Party Leadership Role in CA

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
Purushotam Marattha
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Transformation ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Great Achievement ◽  
Constituent Assembly ◽  
The Stability

The political parties of Nepal have never been able to move as an engine of social transformation process, much like their inability to give a stable government. After replacing the Party-less regimes, with them multiparty system the country has mainly witnessed drawbacks of parliamentary system. The political parties have failed to promote democracy and they have hammered on the root of constitution. However, a new constitution was demanded through a Constituent Assembly (CA) and after nearly a decade long exercise, the constitution of Nepal, 2015, was promulgated on September20, 2015. Since that period Nepal has formally entered into a Federal Republican Nation. The new constitution has covered all the achievements of Second People's Movement (SPM).Since then the federal republican constitution has been completely setup in Nepal. This constitution has institutionalized the federal democratic republican setup and it has opened the rooms for amendment, where as the constitution of the Kingdom of Nepal, 1990 was not amended even a single article for the last many years. Writing the constitution through the CA was a great achievement of Nepal. During the constitution declaration period major political forces like Big-3 NC, CPNUML and UCPNM showed their highest degree of Unity. The new constitution was passed by more than two thirds majority in the CA. But the Conflict about the number of States (Pradesh) is hampering the stability of the present new constitution. The dissolved CA-2 has not been able to settle all the political conflicts. The on going Madhes agitation deepen into the another constitutional crisis. Tarai based parties like Samyukta LoktantrikMadhesi Morcha (SLMM), an alliance of four parties has joined the parliamentary process. Earlier SLMM has obstructed and paralyzed border area with an unseen support of southern neighbor. Daily general strike of SLMM and closure of industries at border points has led to soft state syndrome in Nepal.

scholarly journals BANK BAILOUT PROGRAMS IN EUROPE: A SEQUENTIAL ANALYSIS OF DRIVERS AND OUTCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 714-734
Author(s):  
Teodora-Cristina Barbu ◽  
Iustina-Alina Boitan ◽  
Cosmin-Octavian Cepoi ◽  
Bogdan Andrei Dumitrescu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Income Inequality ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Sequential Analysis ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Growth Economic

The determinants and effects of bank bailout programs on the economy and society are still controversial. Using a Propensity Score Matching approach relying on 22 European countries, it was identified economic growth, economic freedom, total banking assets, and liquid assets to deposits and short-term funding ratio as the main drivers for the decision to adopt a bank bailout program. The results show that the adoption of bank bailout programs did not lead to an improvement in the banks’ solvency indicators or financial performance. Still, it has amplified financial stress and income inequality instead, hampering political stability, as well as social and economic conditions. The novelty of this research resides in adding a contribution to scarce literature covering the determinants of the decision to adopt a bank bailout program, also by comprehensively expanding the set of candidate variables that may have impacted the decision for Government intervention.

Tunisian elections will fail to solve problems

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Political Class ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Labour Unions ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Leftist Parties

Significance Jockeying ahead of the elections has stalled decision-making on critical economic policies. While the political class is mired in internal debate, citizens are growing increasingly angry at politicians they hold responsible for deteriorating economic conditions. Impacts Political infighting will further alienate Tunisians leading to low voter turnout. Labour unions will attempt to influence political outcomes by organising (or threatening to call) strikes. Nidaa Tounes and leftist parties may stoke identity and security issues to attack their opponents and mobilise voters.

Political Stability Challenges in the EEU countries: Political Factors Index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arusyak Aleksanyan ◽  
Ashot Aleksanyan
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Member States ◽  
Interstate Relations ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
The Stability

This book analyses procedures for ensuring Eurasian Economic Union political stability and promoting Eurasian integration. The political factors of stability and new integration agenda of the EEU member states have been comparatively analyzed by the application of the methodology of the Stability Index of Political System with careful consideration of continually improving the context of legal obligations and harmonizing interstate relations. The book covers a comprehensive study of a number of factors determining the political stability of the EEU member states within 2000-2019. In-country and Crosscountry analyses have been conducted within the framework of methodology of the Stability Index of Political System. This book is intended to be used by scholars, experts and students at universities and research centers.

The stability of basic income: a constitutional solution for a political problem?

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jurgen De Wispelaere ◽  
Leticia Morales
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
The Political ◽  
Basic Income ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Policy Feedback ◽  
Political Problem ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Recent Policy

AbstractAlthough basic income has surged in policy interest in recent years, political research has not kept up with the debate in the trenches. In this article, we tackle a political problem any enacting coalition must face: how to ensure the political stability of a basic income over time. We first demonstrate how basic income schemes are particularly vulnerable to processes of policy change discussed in the recent policy feedback literature. We then analyse whether constitutionalising basic income in a Bill of Rights protected by strong judicial review would offer a valuable route for boosting basic income’s stability. A careful examination of the decision-making process within judicial review suggests that, caught up in a dilemma between judicial restraint and judicial activism, an enacting coalition would do well not to rely on constitutional mechanisms as the sole avenue for ensuring the political stability of basic income.

Growth in European Crisis Countries: Cyclical Normality or the Result of Structural Reforms?

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Hielscher
Keyword(s):  
Financial Crises ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Structural Reforms ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Crisis ◽  
Deep Recession ◽  
Severe Weakness

AbstractIn mid-2013 the macroeconomic situation in European crisis economies started to show signs of recovery. In the political debate, improving economic conditions were often attributed to recently enacted structural reforms. In this paper, we use empirical business cycle models to indirectly assess the short term impact of recent structural reforms on growth. Given the past deep recession, a typical cyclical movement would imply far higher growth rates than have been observed in such countries in the recent recovery. Short-term economic performance is rather a sign of a long-lasting and severe weakness in demand which can almost exclusively be explained by characteristics of business cycles following financial crises as well as the initial situation in European crisis economies prior to 2009. With different approaches we are not able to deliver evidence that structural reforms have yet had a significant impact on growth, neither a positive nor a negative one. It will still take time for growth effects to materialize.

scholarly journals Is Democracy A Prerequisite

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdiweli M. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Political Freedom ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The Stability

The current literature is silent on whether democracies are more fragile or less susceptible to economic and political breakdowns. Using a host of political instability and policy instability variables, this paper explores empirically, whether political freedom (a proxy for democracy) has any effect on the stability of the political order. Furthermore, it also explores the possibility that political freedom explains differences in the stability of economic policies.

scholarly journals ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛИ ВСЕХ НАЦИЙ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ ЖИЗНЬ НА ПРАВОВОЙ ОСНОВЕ - ОБЩЕСТВЕННАЯ И НЕЗАВИСИМОСТЬ ПОЛИТИЧЕСКОГО МИРА (REPRESENTATIVES OF ALL NATIONS IN KAZAKHSTAN LIVING ON A LEGAL BASIS - PUBLIC AND INDEPENDENCE OF POLITICAL PEACE)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venera Nauryzova
Keyword(s):  
Political System ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Role ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The Stability

The article states that the future of Kazakhstan is always directly linked to peace between peoples and an important element of the political system of our state is to ensure strict observance of the rights and freedoms of citizens regardless of nationality, uniting the interests of all nationalities. This means that political stability and social harmony play a special role in the development of our country and the strengthening of our relations with foreign countries. This is one of the fundamental principles of our state - stability, which allows the political system to maintain its structure and effectively live in the face of various internal and external changes. It is characterized by its contribution to the rapid development of the economy, stable growth in the welfare of the population, and the legitimacy and democracy of the political system. Political stability is not a consideration of the sustainable development of the state's political system based on strict principles, but rather the consideration of socio-economic, political changes and the development of society as a stabilizing factor in the socio-political environment. The main thing in political stability is to ensure the legitimacy, transparency, effectiveness of the government, stability of the observed norms and values of political culture, and order in political relations. For the state of Kazakhstan, the main issues are the stability of society, the consolidation of the state, the consolidation of society, and ensuring political stability

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document