The Impact of a Physician Intervention Program on Older Women's Mammography Use

This study assesses the efficacy of the treatment approach implemented in the Bern Crisis Intervention Program, where particular emphasis is placed on the remediation of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior, and depression, fear, and phobia are generally considered to be contributing factors. Four questionnaires addressing psychopathology, emotional well-being, social anxiety, and personality were administered prior to and after the treatment of 51 patients over a period of 2 to 3 weeks. The reduction of symptoms contributing to suicidal ideation and behavior was interpreted as indirect evidence of an antisuicidal effect of the program. Significant improvements were found in the psychopathology ratings, with depression and anxiety showing the largest reductions. The impact on personality and social phobia, however, was only moderate, and on average patients still exhibited symptoms after attending the program. This residual symptomatology points to the necessity of introducing a two-step therapy approach of intensive intervention targeted at the precipitating causes of the crisis, augmented by long-term therapy to treat underlying problems.

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Reducing the Social Stigma Associated with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Controlled Trial of an Intervention Program in a Turkish Community Sample

Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies ◽

10.24193/jebp.2020.2.14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 101-120

Author(s):

Ayça Aktaç Gürbüz ◽

Orçun YORULMAZ ◽

Gülşah DURNA

Keyword(s):

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Community Sample ◽

Case Vignette ◽

Control Group ◽

Obsessive Compulsive ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Impact

Scientific research into the reduction of stigmatization, particularly related to specific problems such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), is scarce. In the present study, we examine the impact of a video-based antistigma intervention program for OCD in a pretest-posttest control group research. After being randomly assigned to either an intervention (n= 101) or control group (n= 96), the participants reported their attitudes on a hypothetical case vignette before and after OCD vs. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) videos, and again six months later as a follow up assessment. The mixed design analyses for the group comparisons indicated that although there was no significant difference in the measures of the control group, the participants watching the anti-stigma OCD video, in which the focus was psychoeducation and interaction strategies, reported significantly lower scores on social distances and negative beliefs for the case vignettes they read, and this difference was maintained six months later. Then, the present results indicate the effectiveness of our anti-stigma intervention program for OCD. Interventions to reduce stigmatization can also be viewed as effective tools for changing the attitudes of people toward OCD, although further research and applications are needed related to specific disorders if a longlasting impact is to be achieved.

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THE EFFECT OF METACOGNITIVE INSTRUCTION ON MAXIMIZING EFL LEARNERS’ METACOGNITIVE AWARENESS IN LISTENING

Malaysian Journal of Languages and Linguistics (MJLL) ◽

10.24200/mjll.vol7iss1pp8-17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 8-17

Author(s):

Mahsa Assadi

Keyword(s):

Experimental Research ◽

Listening Comprehension ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Metacognitive Awareness ◽

Listening Test ◽

Efl Learners ◽

Metacognitive Instruction ◽

Before And After ◽

Comprehension Ability ◽

The Impact

This study reports a pre-experimental research on the impact of metacognitive instruction on EFL learners’ metacognitive awareness and their listening performance. To obtain the goal of the study, a group of 30 Iranian intermediate EFL learners, including 14 males and 16 females, were selected randomly. Their ages range from 20 to 24. The participants took part in 16 weeks’ intervention program based on metacognitive pedagogical sequence consisted of five stages. The metacognitive awareness listening questionnaire (MALQ), and a listening test were also used to find changes in metacognitive awareness and listening performance before and after the treatment. The results of comparing pre and posttests scores revealed that metacognitive instruction raised the learners’ metacognitive awareness and helped them improve their listening comprehension ability.

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Biofeedback Intervention for Stress and Anxiety among Nursing Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial

ISRN Nursing ◽

10.5402/2012/827972 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Paul Ratanasiripong ◽

Nop Ratanasiripong ◽

Duangrat Kathalae

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Stress Level ◽

Clinical Training ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Controlled Study ◽

Control Group ◽

Moderate Increase ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

The Impact

Purpose. It has been well documented that nursing students across the world experience stress and anxiety throughout their education and training. The purpose of this randomized controlled study is to investigate the impact of biofeedback intervention program on nursing students' levels of stress and anxiety during their first clinical training. Methods. Participants consisted of 60 second-year baccalaureate nursing students. The 30 participants in the biofeedback group received training on how to use the biofeedback device to assist in stress and anxiety management for 5 weeks while the 30 in the control group did not receive any training. Findings. Results indicated that the biofeedback group was able to maintain the stress level while the control group had a significant increase in the stress level over the 5-week period of clinical training. Additionally, the biofeedback group had a significant reduction in anxiety, while the control group had a moderate increase in anxiety. Conclusions. The better the nursing students can manage their stress and anxiety, the more successful they can be in their clinical training. Ultimately, the more psychologically healthy the nursing students are, the more likely they will flourish and graduate to become productive and contributing members of the nursing profession.

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Impact of Internet-Based Interventions on Caregiver Mental Health: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.10668 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Diana Sherifali ◽

Muhammad Usman Ali ◽

Jenny Ploeg ◽

Maureen Markle-Reid ◽

Ruta Valaitis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Chronic Condition ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Informal Caregivers ◽

Intervention Programs ◽

Mental Health Outcomes ◽

The Impact ◽

Internet Based Intervention

BACKGROUND The health of informal caregivers of adults with chronic conditions is increasingly vital since caregivers comprise a large proportion of supportive care to family members living in the community. Due to efficiency and reach, internet-based interventions for informal caregivers have the potential to mitigate the negative mental health outcomes associated with caregiving. OBJECTIVE The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the impact of internet-based interventions on caregiver mental health outcomes and the impact of different types of internet-based intervention programs. METHODS MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Cochrane, and AgeLine databases were searched for randomized controlled trials or controlled clinical trials published from January 1995 to April 2017 that compared internet-based intervention programs with no or minimal internet-based interventions for caregivers of adults with at least 1 chronic condition. The inclusion criteria were studies that included (1) adult informal caregivers (aged 18 years or older) of adults living in the community with a chronic condition; (2) an internet-based intervention program to deliver education, support, or monitoring to informal caregivers; and (3) outcomes of mental health. Title and abstract and full-text screening were completed in duplicate. Data were extracted by a single reviewer and verified by a second reviewer, and risk of bias assessments were completed accordingly. Where possible, data for mental health outcomes were meta-analyzed. RESULTS The search yielded 7923 unique citations of which 290 studies were screened at full-text. Of those, 13 studies met the inclusion criteria; 11 were randomized controlled trials, 1 study was a controlled clinical trial, and 1 study comprised both study designs. Beneficial effects of any internet-based intervention program resulted in a mean decrease of 0.48 points (95% CI –0.75 to –0.22) for stress and distress and a mean decrease of 0.40 points (95% CI –0.58 to –0.22) for anxiety among caregivers. For studies that examined internet-based information and education plus professional psychosocial support, the meta-analysis results showed small to medium beneficial effect sizes of the intervention for the mental health outcomes of depression (–0.34; 95% CI –0.63 to –0.05) and anxiety (–0.36; 95% CI –0.66 to –0.07). Some suggestion of a beneficial effect on overall health for the use of information and education plus combined peer and professional support was also shown (1.25; 95% CI 0.24 to 2.25). Overall, many studies were of poor quality and were rated at high risk of bias. CONCLUSIONS The review found evidence for the benefit of internet-based intervention programs on mental health for caregivers of adults living with a chronic condition, particularly for the outcomes of caregiver depression, stress and distress, and anxiety. The types of interventions that predominated as efficacious included information and education with or without professional psychological support, and, to a lesser extent, with combined peer and psychological support. Further high-quality research is needed to inform the effectiveness of interactive, dynamic, and multicomponent internet-based interventions. CLINICALTRIAL PROSPERO CRD42017075436; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=75436 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/709M3tDvn)

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Desenvolvimento e validação de instrumento para avaliar o impacto de um programa de intervenção em comércios de alimentos em área de deserto alimentar/Development and validity of an instrument to evaluate the impact of an intervention in food stores at an urban food desert

Revista Geografares ◽

10.7147/geo25.17604 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 396-411

Author(s):

Lucas Daniel Sanches ◽

Renata Fagundes Lopes ◽

Matheus Ribeiro Theodósio Fernandes Melzer ◽

Maria Aparecida De Oliveira ◽

Paula Andrea Martins

Keyword(s):

Distribution System ◽

Food Environment ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Local Community ◽

Food Distribution ◽

Food Desert ◽

Health Food ◽

Food Stores ◽

Cronbach Alpha ◽

The Impact

ResumoObjetivou-se desenvolver e validar um instrumento adequado para avaliar o impacto de um programa piloto de intervenção no ambiente alimentar local para promoção da alimentação saudável em comércios de varejo de alimentos da Zona Noroeste em Santos/SP, região caracterizada como deserto alimentar. Foi realizada pesquisa formativa para validação do instrumento, incluindo reuniões de pesquisadores, varredura no território estudado para identificação dos comércios de alimentos, visitas a atores do canal de distribuição de alimentos, oficinas comunitárias com a comunidade local e entrevistas em profundidade com proprietários dos estabelecimentos para validação de conteúdo e validade aparente. Foi testada confiabilidade do instrumento por coeficiente de alfa de Cronbach. O desenvolvimento do questionário incluiu questões para avaliação da Identificação e Caracterização do Comércio; Parâmetros de Comercialização, incluindo importância de fatores para a inclusão de um novo alimento, frequência de aquisição de produtos, rentabilidade; e Escala de Fatores Psicossociais, incluindo expectativa em relação às vendas de alimentos saudáveis, expectativa em relação ao impacto, e autoeficácia em relação à comercialização de alimentos saudáveis. A validação permitiu revisão de todas as questões e alternativas de resposta do questionário, com alfa de Cronbach variante de 0,440 a 0,967 nas questões do instrumento final. Este resultado indica que o instrumento proposto foi capaz de identificar características relevantes do sistema de distribuição de alimentos á nível local e pode ser utilizado em estudos epidemiológicos para avaliação de políticas públicas territoriais elaboradas para aumento do acesso a alimentos saudáveis.Palavras-chave: Estudos de Validação; Saúde da População Urbana; Ambiente Alimentar AbstractThe objective was to develop and validate a culturally appropriate instrument to evaluate the impact of a pilot intervention program in the food environment to promote healthy eating in small food stores in an urban food desert. A formative research was carried out for the validation of the instrument, including meetings of researchers, visits to all the streets in the study's region to identify food stores, visits to food distribution system agents', community workshops with the local community and in-depth interviews with food store owners for content and apparent validity. Instrument reliability was tested by Cronbach alpha coefficient. The development of the instrument included questions to evaluate the Identification and Characterization of Store; Marketing Parameters (i.e. influencers for including new food itens and frequency of product acquisition and profitability); and Psychosocial Factors Scale (i.e. expectations regarding healthy food sales, expectations regarding impact of intervention, and self-efficacy in relation to the marketing of healthy foods). Validation process allowed a review of all questions and questions' responses, with Cronbach alpha between 0.440 to 0.967 in the final instrument questions. It can be concluded that the instrument was developed to identify relevant characteristics of the food distribution system and can be used in epidemiological studies and public policies to evaluate increase access to healthy foods.Key words:Validation Studies; Urban Health; Food Environment

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Development of a Lifestyle Intervention Program to Support Preconception, Pregnant and Postnatal Women Who are Overweight or Obese: A Qualitative Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-853163/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Chee Wai Ku ◽

Shu Hui Leow ◽

Lay See Ong ◽

Christina Erwin ◽

Isabella Ong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lifestyle Intervention ◽

Goal Setting ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Maternal Obesity ◽

Healthy Lifestyle ◽

Target Population ◽

Lifestyle Changes ◽

Lifestyle Behaviors ◽

Obese Women ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Poor lifestyle behaviors, including unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, contribute to the global obesity pandemic and result in long-term adverse health effects on mothers and their children. The time period before, during and after pregnancy represents a unique opportunity for interventions to cultivate sustained healthy lifestyle behaviors. Since the success of a lifestyle intervention is heavily dependent on uptake and continued compliance, the intervention components should be acceptable, sustainable, and tailored to the concerns and needs of the target population. This study aims to identify enablers and barriers towards engagement with a lifestyle intervention for improving the metabolic health of prospective mothers and their offspring, among a sample of the target population.Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 overweight or obese women in the preconception, pregnancy or postpartum periods. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis was undertaken using NVivo. Factors influencing adoption of a novel lifestyle intervention were systematically charted using the integrated–Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework, that comprises Recipient, Context, Innovation and Facilitation constructs.Results: Ten enablers and barriers were identified. Barrier factors within the Recipient construct include time constraints as participants juggled multiple roles, and poor baseline knowledge about healthy behaviors and the impact of maternal obesity on maternal and offspring health. Within Context, a family culture of communal meals, convenient access to unhealthy foods in the environment, as well as lack of relevant data sources, were barriers to dietary change. Recipient motivation to be healthy for themselves and their offspring is an enabler, along with family and social support within the Context construct. In the Innovation construct, a holistic delivery platform providing desired information delivered at appropriate times increases engagement. Lastly, in Facilitation, regular feedback, goal setting and nudges would ensure continued engagement and sustainability of lifestyle changes.Conclusions: The features of a successful lifestyle intervention targeting overweight and obese women include (i) a holistic life-course approach to provide education and guidance, (ii) using mobile health platforms to reduce barriers, provide personalized feedback and promote goal-setting, and (iii) health nudges to cultivate sustained lifestyle habits.

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The impact of community-based prevention on quality of life—The necessity to control for general health trends the Northern Sweden MONICA study in 2014

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0256872 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (9) ◽

pp. e0256872

Author(s):

Elin Spege ◽

Kristina Ek ◽

Stefan Söderberg ◽

Mats Eliasson

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Intervention Program ◽

University Education ◽

Health Promotion Program ◽

Northern Sweden ◽

Health Trends ◽

Positive Effects ◽

The Impact

Background The Västerbotten intervention program (VIP), is a public health promotion program in northern Sweden with the aim of preventing cardiovascular disease. Positive effects have been reported although the evidence is not unequivocal. Since only historical controls have been used, effects from other sources than the program have largely been uncontrolled for and health related quality of life (HRQoL) has not been evaluated. Purpose By using the neighbouring county of Norrbotten (NB) as the reference population, we compare HRQoL in Västerbotten (VB) and in NB. Methods In 2014 the Northern Sweden survey, Monitoring of Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease (MONICA), examined a random sample from the two counties. HRQoL was measured with the EQ-5D-3L. In total, 1112 subjects aged 40–74 years participated, 516 in VB and 594 in NB. Differences in mean QoL between VB and NB were analysed via Student’s t-test and the Pearson chi-square test. Results Average HRQoL measured by the EQ-5D-index was 0.798 in VB and 0.811 in NB, a difference of 0.013 (p = 0.2, CI -0.009 to 0.036). For subjects aged 45–54 years, the HRQoL was lower in VB than in NB, a difference of 0.048 (p = 0.041; CI 0.002 to 0.0094). Men had higher HRQoL than women, and university educated had higher HRQoL than those without university education. EQ-VAS showed similar results. Subjects from NB and from VB did not differ regarding age, gender and level of education. In NB, HRQoL decrease with age, a pattern not seen in VB. Conclusions We found similar levels of HRQoL in VB and in NB.

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The effects of hip- and ankle-focused exercise intervention on dynamic knee valgus: a systematic review

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.11731 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

pp. e11731

Author(s):

Farhah Nadhirah Aiman Sahabuddin ◽

Nazatul Izzati Jamaludin ◽

Nurul Hidayah Amir ◽

Shazlin Shaharudin

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Knee Joint ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Exercise Intervention ◽

Free Text ◽

Knee Valgus ◽

Top Down ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Limb Injuries ◽

The Impact

Background A range of non-contact injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament tear, and patellofemoral pain syndrome are caused by disordered knee joint loading from excessive dynamic knee valgus (DKV). Previous systematic reviews showed that DKV could be modified through the influence of hip strength and ankle range of motion. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of exercise intervention which involved either top-down or bottom-up kinetic chains on minimizing DKV in male and female adults and adolescents, with and without existing knee pain. Methodology Electronic searches were conducted in SAGE, Science Direct, SCOPUS, and Pubmed. The search strategy consisted of medical subject headings and free-text search keywords, synonyms and variations of ‘exercise intervention,’ ‘knee alignment,’ ‘dynamic knee valgus’, ‘knee abduction’ that were merged via the Boolean operator ‘AND’ and ‘OR’. The search was conducted on full-text journals that documented the impact of the exercise intervention program involving either the bottom-up or top-down DKV mechanism on the knee kinematics. Furthermore, exercise intervention in this review should last at least one week which included two or three sessions per week. This review also considered both men and women of all ages with a healthy or symptomatic knee problem. The risk of bias of the included studies was assessed by Cochrane risk assessment tool. The protocol of this review was registered at PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42021219121). Results Ten studies with a total of 423 participants (male = 22.7%, female = 77.3%; adults = 249, adolescents = 123; pre-adolescent = 51) met the inclusion criteria of this review. Seven studies showed the significant effects of the exercise intervention program (range from two weeks to ten weeks) on reducing DKV. The exercise training in these seven studies focused on muscle groups directly attached to the knee joint such as hamstrings and gastrocnemius. The remaining three studies did not show significant improvement in DKV after the exercise intervention (range between eight weeks to twelve weeks) probably because they focused on trunk and back muscles instead of muscles crossing the knee joint. Conclusion Exercises targeting specific knee-joint muscles, either from top-down or bottom-up kinetic chain, are likely to reduce DKV formation. These results may assist athletes and coaches to develop effective exercise program that could minimize DKV and ultimately prevent lower limb injuries.

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Abstract P291: Effects of a Multidisciplinary Lifestyle Intervention on HDL Cholesterol Efflux Capacities in Adolescents With Obesity

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.141.suppl_1.p291 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Katherine Gagnon ◽

Marjorie Boyer ◽

Benoit J. Arsenault ◽

Dominique Desrosiers ◽

Johanne Harvey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cholesterol Efflux ◽

Intervention Program ◽

Lifestyle Modification ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cholesterol Levels ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Lifestyle Modification Program ◽

Induced Changes ◽

The Impact

Studies have suggested that a reduced HDL cholesterol efflux capacities (CECs) may be associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease. However, only few studies have evaluated the impact of a lifestyle modification program on HDL-CEC in adolescents with obesity. The objective of this study was to determine if a 16-week lifestyle modification program would improve HDL-CECs in adolescents with obesity. Twenty-nine adolescents with obesity (16 boys and 13 girls) from 11 to 16 years of age (14.0 ± 1.6 years) were selected to participate in this study. The aim of the lifestyle modification program was to improve eating habits and physical activity levels. During the study, each adolescent was followed by a multidisciplinary team and trained three sessions per week for 16 weeks. The exercise program focused on endurance type activities and all training sessions were supervised and performed in groups. Anthropometric data, metabolic variables and HDL-CECs were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. HDL-CECs were measured using ( 3 H)cholesterol-labeled J774 macrophages and HepG2 hepatocytes. Body mass index (33.6 to 32.7 kg/m 2 , p<0.0001) and waist circumference (102.4 to 100.5 cm, p=0.001) were significantly reduced after the 16-week intervention program. We also found a significant decrease in triglyceride concentrations (1.28 to 1.04 mmol/L, p=0.02) as well as in total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol ratio (4.42 to 3.91, p=0.0007) whereas HDL cholesterol levels increased (1.03 to 1.14 mmol/L, p=0.002). J774-HDL-CECs and HepG2-HDL-CECs were not significantly modified after the intervention. In order to further explore the impact of intervention-induced changes in HDL cholesterol levels on exercise-induced changes in HDL-CECs, adolescents were divided into two groups according to their changes in HDL cholesterol levels during the study (low or high intervention-induced changes in HDL cholesterol levels). Adolescents with low HDL cholesterol levels intervention-induced changes did not show an increased in HepG2-HDL-CECs. However, a significant improvement in HepG2-HDL-CEC after the intervention was observed among adolescents characterized by the highest intervention-induced changes in HDL cholesterol levels (p=0.03). Intervention-induced changes in HDL cholesterol levels were also significantly associated with changes in HepG2-HDL-CEC (r=0.55; p=0.002). No association was found between changes in HDL cholesterol levels and changes in J774-HDL-CECs. In conclusion, we found that a structured lifestyle modification program leads to significant improvements in cardiometabolic risk profile and in HepG2-HDL-CEC in obese adolescents.

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