Oral Touch in Young Infants: Response to Variations of Nipple Characteristics in the First Months of Life

1983 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Rochat
Keyword(s):  
Differential Response ◽  
Developmental Trend ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Relevant Stimulus ◽  
Global Shape ◽  
Stimulus Characteristic ◽  
Young Infants ◽  
Double Function ◽  
Novel Material

Newborns, and one, and four month olders, were presented for 90 sec with nipples varying in shape and in shape plus material. Pressure variations applied by the infant to the nipples were recorded. Overall activity as well as sucking and exploratory patterns of response were studied by observation of the polygraph records. Results suggest that a developmental trend exists, showing an increase in oral exploration and a decrease in sucking. Further, this age trend is influenced by the type of nipple. For the younger infants the addition of the novel material appears to be the basis of a differential response. For the older infants, global shape appears to be a relevant stimulus characteristic. These findings support the contention that there is a double function of the mouth: nutritive as well as perceptual. The tactual capacity revealed here is present within the first months of life and evolves relative to certain stimulus characteristics.

Theoretical Ecology

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Dynamics ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Theoretical Ecology ◽  
Global Environmental Problems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Interacting Populations ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Ecological Science

Robert May's seminal book has played a central role in the development of ecological science. Originally published in 1976, this influential text has overseen the transition of ecology from an observational and descriptive subject to one with a solid conceptual core. Indeed, it is a testament to its influence that a great deal of the novel material presented in the earlier editions has now been incorporated into standard undergraduate textbooks. It is now a quarter of a century since the publication of the second edition, and a thorough revision is timely. Theoretical Ecology provides a succinct, up-to-date overview of the field set in the context of applications, thereby bridging the traditional division of theory and practice. It describes the recent advances in our understanding of how interacting populations of plants and animals change over time and space, in response to natural or human-created disturbance. In an integrated way, initial chapters give an account of the basic principles governing the structure, function, and temporal and spatial dynamics of populations and communities of plants and animals. Later chapters outline applications of these ideas to practical issues including fisheries, infectious diseases, tomorrow's food supplies, climate change, and conservation biology. Throughout the book, emphasis is placed on questions which as yet remain unanswered. The editors have invited the top scientists in the field to collaborate with the next generation of theoretical ecologists. The result is an accessible, advanced textbook suitable for senior undergraduate and graduate level students as well as researchers in the fields of ecology, mathematical biology, environmental and resources management. It will also be of interest to the general reader seeking a better understanding of a range of global environmental problems.

scholarly journals Mommy and Me

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather Bortfeld ◽  
James L. Morgan ◽  
Roberta Michnick Golinkoff ◽  
Karen Rathbun
Keyword(s):  
Speech Code ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Head Turn ◽  
Fluent Speech ◽  
Speech Stream ◽  
Young Infants

How do infants find the words in the tangle of speech that confronts them? The present study shows that by as early as 6 months of age, infants can already exploit highly familiar words—including, but not limited to, their own names—to segment and recognize adjoining, previously unfamiliar words from fluent speech. The head-turn preference procedure was used to familiarize babies with short passages in which a novel word was preceded by a familiar or a novel name. At test, babies recognized the word that followed the familiar name, but not the word that followed the novel name. This is the youngest age at which infants have been shown capable of segmenting fluent speech. Young infants have a powerful aid available to them for cracking the speech code. Their emerging familiarity with particular words, such as their own and other people's names, can provide initial anchors in the speech stream.

scholarly journals Luminescent properties of europium titanium phosphate thin films deposited by atomic layer deposition

RSC Advances ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (13) ◽  
pp. 8051-8059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael N. Getz ◽  
Per-Anders Hansen ◽  
Helmer Fjellvåg ◽  
Ola Nilsen
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Structural Characterization ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
Titanium Phosphate ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Novel Material

Optical and structural characterization of luminescent thin films of the novel material europium titanium phosphate, deposited by atomic layer deposition.

Synthesis and Characterisation of Novel Chitosan-Hydroxyapatites Composites Doped with Zinc

2017 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
Ismaila Abdullahi ◽  
I. Zainol
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Lattice Constant ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Co Precipitation

The synthesis of a novelzinc doped chitosan-hydroxyapatite (chitosan-HAp) composite was done viain situ co-precipitation method. FTIR results showed that zinc is incorporated into the composite formed and is less crystalline compared to the pure hydroxyapatite (HAp). XRD results obtained showed that the incorporation of zinc into the lattice of the chitosan-HAp led to changes in the crystallinity, crystallite size and lattice constant of the composite material. FESEM images of the samples revealed that the novel material has a morphological features that resemble that of bone mineral.

Chitin Nanofibers / Epoxy Resin Optically Transparent Nanocomposite Films

2012 ◽  
Vol 602-604 ◽  
pp. 1479-1483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Shao ◽  
Da Gang Li ◽  
Ai Jun Li ◽  
Wen Biao Gu
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Coefficient Of Thermal Expansion ◽  
Optoelectronic Devices ◽  
Nanocomposite Films ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Flexible Displays ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Ph Conditions ◽  
Chitin Nanofibers

Chitin nanofibers were prepared from prawn shell by a simple mechanical treatment after the removal of proteins and minerals. Since the exoskeleton of prawn is made up of a finer structure nano-fibrillation of prawn shell is easy, which allows chitin nanofibers to be prepared under neutral pH conditions. The obtained nanofibers were observed by FE-SEM and found to have a uniform width of approximately 20-40nm and high aspect ratio that more than 1000. Due to the size effect of the chitin nanofibers, the nanocomposite films had high transparency that the chitin nanofibers/epoxy resin nanocomposite transmitted 85.2% of light compared to the light transmittance of pure epoxy resin（91%）and the light transmittance of pure chitin nanofibers sheet (70.1%) at a visible wavelength of 600nm. In the study the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) from 20 to 160°C of the epoxy resin sheet was measured to be 170 ppm/K. By adding 40 wt% of chitin nanofibers, the CTE of the epoxy resin dropped to 22 ppm/K, approximately 1/8th of its original value. The novel material is a candidate for transparent substrates in the manufacturing optoelectronic devices such as flexible displays and solar cells.

Developing near-infrared long-lasting phosphorescence of Yb3+ through a medium: insights into energy transfer in the novel material Zn1.98Li0.02P2O7:Yb3+

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (29) ◽  
pp. 9814-9823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huimin Li ◽  
Ran Pang ◽  
Su Zhang ◽  
Lingling Lv ◽  
Jing Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Novel Material

We systematically investigated and focused on how to excite Yb3+ and obtain long-lasting phosphorescence in the novel phosphor Zn1.98Li0.02P2O7:Yb3+.

scholarly journals Relationship between segmental trunk control and gross motor development in typically developing infants aged from 4 to 12 months: a pilot study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamis W. Pin ◽  
Penelope B. Butler ◽  
Hon-Ming Cheung ◽  
Sandra Lai-Fong Shum
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Motor Development ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Developmental Trend ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Trunk Control ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Gross Motor ◽  
Gross Motor Development ◽  
Young Infants

Abstract Background Trunk control is generally considered to be related to gross motor development. However, this assumption has not been validated with clinical data. This pilot study was the first of its kind to examine the longitudinal development of segmental trunk control and gross motor development from 4 to 12 months of age in typically developing full-term infants. Methods A convenience cohort of 20 healthy full-term infants (mean gestation = 39.0 weeks, SD 1.2; mean birthweight = 2975.0 g, SD 297.0; males = 10) was recruited. All study infants were tested and scored monthly by independent assessors using the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control and the Alberta Infant Motor Scale from 4 to 12 months of age. Results A developmental trend of segmental trunk control was found in the infants. Static vertical upright trunk control developed prior to active and reactive control. Statistically significant correlations were found between trunk control status and gross motor development mainly in prone and sitting positions from 8 months of age onwards (all p < 0.004, Spearman’s r ranged from 0.644 to 0.798). Conclusions This pilot study provides preliminary clinical evidence to support the inter-dependency between vertical upright trunk control and gross motor development in young infants, particularly as upright functional skills are gained. This suggests that a dual focus on training upright trunk control alongside gross motor skills could be of benefit in the treatment of infants with movement disorders.

scholarly journals Zirconia-Based Ultra-Thin Compact Flexible CPW-Fed Slot Antenna for IoT

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 3134 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Elena de Cos Gómez ◽  
Humberto Fernández Álvarez ◽  
Blas Puerto Valcarce ◽  
Cebrián García González ◽  
John Olenick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Impedance Matching ◽  
Slot Antenna ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
Dielectric Substrates ◽  
Iot Applications ◽  
Radiation Properties ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
The Internet Of Things

An ultra-thin compact flexible CPW-fed slot monopole antenna suitable for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications was achieved as a result of exploring the use of Zirconia-based ENrG’s Thin E-Strate® for the antenna’s design. The electromagnetic characterization of the novel material at the frequency range of interest was analyzed. A comparison was made concerning the required dimensions and the simulation results regarding impedance matching and radiation properties, for three different dielectric substrates: Novel flexible ceramic (ENrG’s Thin E-Strate), rigid Arlon 25N, and flexible Polypropylene (PP). Two different metallization techniques—electrotextile-based and inkjet printing—were used in the fabrication of prototypes based on ENrG’s Thin E-Strate. Return losses measured results for the fabricated prototypes with both procedures was compared, as well as with simulation. The best prototype on the ENrG’s Thin E-Strate was compared with one on Arlon 25N, in terms of radiation properties in an anechoic chamber, and conclusions were drawn.

Novel Material Shows Unconventional Superconductivity with Magnetic Order Under Pressure

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Triplet State ◽  
Magnetic Order ◽  
Degree Of Freedom ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Unconventional Superconductivity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Spin Degree ◽  
Novel Material ◽  
Spin Triplet ◽  
Topological Superconductivity

Multiple superconductivity wad found in the novel spin-triplet superconductor UTe<sub>2</sub>, which is called "Silicon of Quantum Computers". A complicated spin-triplet state is realized as a consequence of spin degree of freedom. This result will lead to a new state of topological superconductivity.

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