Self-Selected and Prescribed Intensity Exercise to Improve Physical Activity Among Inactive Retirees

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (9) ◽  
pp. 1301-1318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhinan Yang ◽  
Marcia A. Petrini
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Negative Affect ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Daily Step ◽  
Exercise Programs ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Step Counts

A randomized controlled study explored the effects of two intensity-oriented exercise interventions on affect to exercise and physical activity behavior. Inactive retirees finished the 12-week group-based exercise intervention and 3-month telephone follow-up with 27 in self-selected intensity group and 26 in prescribed intensity group. Repeated measures of daily step counts (measured by Yamax pedometers), positive and negative affect to exercise, weight, height, waist circumference, and blood pressure were done at baseline, postintervention, and 3-month follow-up. Increased daily step counts and positive affect, and reduced body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure of both groups, and negative affect of self-selected intensity group were found at different measuring times. Although self-selected intensity group had no significantly different daily step counts from prescribed intensity group, the former had a more positive and less negative affect to exercise. Findings suggest that future exercise programs use self-selected intensity exercise programs to improve pleasure affect to exercise.

scholarly journals Feasibility of an after-school group-based exercise and lifestyle programme to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and health in less-active Pacific and Maori adolescents

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongchie Chansavang ◽  
C Raina Elley ◽  
Brighid McCaffrey ◽  
Chloe Davidson ◽  
Ofa Dewes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
After School ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Vo2 Max ◽  
Lifestyle Programme

INTRODUCTION: Obesity and low levels of physical activity are increasing among Pacific and Maori adolescents in New Zealand. AIM: To assess the feasibility of an after-school exercise and lifestyle programme to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, health and usual activity in less-active Pacific and Maori adolescents over six weeks. METHODS: Eighteen less-active secondary school students participated. The six-week programme included 3 x 1.5 hour exercise and healthy lifestyle sessions per week. Outcomes included estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2 max), insulin resistance (Homeostasis Model Assessment), physical activity, glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting plasma glucose, blood pressure, waist circumference and fasting lipids, measured at baseline and six weeks. Programme attendance and qualitative comments were also recorded. Student?s t-tests were used. RESULTS: Of the 18 students enrolled, 16 (89%) completed six-week follow-up, 14 (78%) were female, 13 (72%) were Pacific ethnicity and 5 (28%) were Maori. At baseline, mean age was 16.3 (standard deviation [SD] 1.0) years, body mass index (BMI) 35.2 (SD 6.7) kg/m2 , VO2 max 31.5 (SD 4.3) mL/kg/min, systolic blood pressure 125.0 (SD 12.9) mm Hg, HbA1c 39.9 (SD 3.8) mmol/mol, fasting serum insulin 28.3 (SD 27.8) �U/mL. At follow-up, improvements had occurred in VO2 max (3.2 mL/kg/min; p=0.02), systolic blood pressure (-10.6 mm Hg; p=0.003), HbA1c (-1.1 mmol/mol; p=0.03) and weekly vigorous (4 hours, p=0.002) and moderate (2 hours, p=0.006) physical activity, although waist circumference increased (p=0.005). Programme attendance was over 50%. Comments were mostly positive. DISCUSSION: The after-school exercise and lifestyle programme and study methods were feasible. Such programmes have the potential to improve health outcomes for Pacific and Maori adolescents. KEYWORDS: Adolescent; diabetes mellitus; ethnic groups; exercise; physical fitness; primary prevention

scholarly journals Body composition outcomes of Healthy Fit and the role of acculturation among low-income Hispanics on the US-Mexico border

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diane I. Lopez ◽  
Lauren Chacon ◽  
Denise Vasquez ◽  
Louis D. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Mexico Border

Abstract Background Hispanic immigrants continue to experience higher rates of overweight and obesity compared to their non-Hispanic counterparts. Acculturation may contribute to unhealthy weight gain among immigrant populations by shifting dietary patterns from high fruit and vegetable consumption to unhealthier high fat diets. Healthy Fit, a culturally tailored community health worker (CHW) intervention, aims to reduce obesity related outcomes by providing physical activity and nutrition education and resources in a low-income Hispanic population. This study aims to evaluate outcomes of Healthy Fit participants and examine changes in body composition in relation to level of acculturation at baseline and follow-up. Method In this longitudinal observational study, CHWs recruited 514 participants from community events and agencies serving low-income Hispanic populations in El Paso, Texas from 2015 to 2016. Following an in-person health screening, eligible participants received nutrition and physical activity education guided by fotonovelas, comic-like educational books. Telephone follow-ups made at 1, 3, and 6 months by CHWs encouraged follow-through on referrals. 288 participants completed the screening again during the 12-month follow-up. Results The sample was predominantly Hispanic (96%), female (82%), uninsured (79%), had a household income of less than $19,999 (70%), foreign-born (79%), preferred Spanish (86%) and few rated themselves as good or excellent for English proficiency (27%). Overall, Healthy Fit participants significantly improved (i.e., decreased) BFP by 0.71% (t = 2.47, p = 0.01) but not BMI (b = .01, t = − 0.14, p = .89). Contrary to expectations, acculturation was not associated with lower BMI (b = 0.09, p = 0.84) or BFP (b = 0.13, p = 0.85) at baseline. However, acculturation predicted changes in both BMI (b = 0.30, p = 0.03) and BFP (b = 1.33, p = 0 .01) from baseline to follow-up. Specifically, the low acculturation group improved in body composition measures over time and the high acculturation group did not improve in either measure. Conclusion Findings suggest Healthy Fit was most effective among less acculturated individuals. The influence of acculturation on the efficacy of nutrition and exercise interventions suggests that Hispanics should not be treated as a homogenous subgroup.

scholarly journals Effect of workplace physical activity interventions on the cardio-metabolic health of working adults: systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rubina Mulchandani ◽  
Ambalam M. Chandrasekaran ◽  
Roopa Shivashankar ◽  
Dimple Kondal ◽  
Anurag Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Workplace Interventions ◽  
Working Adults ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions

Abstract Background Adults in urban areas spend almost 77% of their waking time being inactive at workplaces, which leaves little time for physical activity. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence for the effect of workplace physical activity interventions on the cardio-metabolic health markers (body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose) among working adults. Methods All experimental studies up to March 2018, reporting cardio-metabolic worksite intervention outcomes among adult employees were identified from PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE CENTRAL, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess bias in studies. All studies were assessed qualitatively and meta-analysis was done where possible. Forest plots were generated for pooled estimates of each study outcome. Results A total of 33 studies met the eligibility criteria and 24 were included in the meta-analysis. Multi-component workplace interventions significantly reduced body weight (16 studies; mean diff: − 2.61 kg, 95% CI: − 3.89 to − 1.33) BMI (19 studies, mean diff: − 0.42 kg/m2, 95% CI: − 0.69 to − 0.15) and waist circumference (13 studies; mean diff: − 1.92 cm, 95% CI: − 3.25 to − 0.60). Reduction in blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose was not statistically significant. Conclusions Workplace interventions significantly reduced body weight, BMI and waist circumference. Non-significant results for biochemical markers could be due to them being secondary outcomes in most studies. Intervention acceptability and adherence, follow-up duration and exploring non-RCT designs are factors that need attention in future research. Prospero registration number: CRD42018094436.

scholarly journals How COVID-19 lockdown and reopening affected daily steps: evidence based on 164,630 person-days of prospectively collected data from Shanghai, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ding Ding ◽  
Minna Cheng ◽  
Borja del Pozo Cruz ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Shuangyuan Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Linear Mixed Model ◽  
University Education ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Daily Step ◽  
Step Counts ◽  
Reduced Physical Activity

Abstract Background COVID-19 lockdowns may lead to physical inactivity, a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases. This study aims to determine: 1) the trajectory in daily step counts before, during and after the lockdown in China, and 2) the characteristics associated with the trajectories. Methods From December 2019 to July 2020, smartphone-based step counts were continuously collected in 815 Chinese adults residing in Shanghai over 202 days across three phases: before, during, and after the lockdown. Participant characteristics were reported, and height, weight and body composition measured before the lockdown. A ‘sharp’ regression discontinuity design with cluster robust standard errors was used to test the effect of the lockdown and reopening on daily steps and a linear mixed model was used to examine the characteristics associated with trajectories during the observed period. Results Based on 164,630 person-days of data, we found a sharp decline in daily step counts upon the lockdown (24/01/2020) by an average of 3796 (SE = 88) steps, followed by a significant trend of increase by 34 steps/day (SE = 2.5; p < .001) until the end of the lockdown (22/03/2020). This increasing trend continued into the reopening phase at a slower rate of 5 steps per day (SE = 2.3; p = 0.029). Those who were older, married, university educated, insufficiently active, had an ‘at risk’ body composition, and those in the control group, were slower at recovering step counts during the lockdown, and those who were older, married, without university education and with an ‘at risk’ body composition recovered step counts at a slower pace after the reopening. Conclusions Despite later increases in step counts, COVID-19 lockdown led to a sustained period of reduced physical activity, which may have adverse health implications. Governments and health professionals around the world should continue to encourage and facilitate physical activity during the pandemic.

The Relationship Between Objectively Measured Physical Activity, Salivary Cortisol, and the Metabolic Syndrome Score in Girls

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrina D. DuBose ◽  
Andrew J. McKune
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between physical activity levels, salivary cortisol, and the metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) score was examined. Twenty-three girls (8.4 ± 0.9 years) had a fasting blood draw, waist circumference and blood pressure measured, and wore an ActiGraph accelerometer for 5 days. Saliva samples were collected to measure cortisol levels. Previously established cut points estimated the minutes spent in moderate, vigorous, and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. A continuous MetSyn score was created from blood pressure, waist circumference, high-density-lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride, and glucose values. Correlation analyses examined associations between physical activity, cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components. Regression analysis examined the relationship between cortisol, the MetSyn score, and its related components adjusting for physical activity, percent body fat, and sexual maturity. Vigorous physical activity was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol values. The MetSyn score was not related with cortisol values after controlling for confounders. In contrast, HDL was negatively related with 30 min post waking cortisol. Triglyceride was positively related with 30 min post waking cortisol and area under the curve. The MetSyn score and many of its components were not related to cortisol salivary levels even after adjusting for physical activity, body fat percentage, and sexual maturity.

Sport Participation and Metabolic Risk During Adolescent Years: A Structured Equation Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (09) ◽  
pp. 674-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Oliveira Werneck ◽  
Danilo da Silva ◽  
Rômulo Fernandes ◽  
Enio Ricardo Vaz Ronque ◽  
Manuel Coelho-e-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Automatic Instrument ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Blood Variables

AbstractSports practice during childhood can influence health indicators in later ages through direct and indirect pathways. Thus, this study aimed to test direct and indirect pathways to the association between sports practice in childhood and metabolic risk in adolescence, adopting physical activity, adiposity, and cardiorespiratory fitness at adolescence as potential mediators. This cross-sectional study with retrospective information was conducted with 991 adolescents (579 girls, 412 boys) aged 10 to 16 y. Sports activity was self-reported in childhood (retrospective data) and physical activity evaluated in adolescence through questionnaires. Somatic maturation (Mirwald method), cardiorespiratory fitness (20-m shuttle-run test), body fat (skinfolds), waist circumference, blood pressure (automatic instrument) and blood variables (fasting glucose, HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides) were measured at adolescence. Waist circumference, blood pressure and blood variables composed the metabolic risk score. Structured equation modeling was adopted. In both sexes, the relationship between sports practice at childhood and metabolic risk was fully mediated by habitual physical activity, which is related to the obesity construct and cardiorespiratory fitness. Obesity was associated with metabolic risk in boys (β=0.062; p<0.001) and girls (β=0.047; p<0.001). The relationship between sports practice in childhood and metabolic risk in adolescence was mediated by physical activity, obesity, and cardiorespiratory fitness.

Abstract P143: Vigorous Physical Activity and 3-year Changes in Weight and Other Cardiometabolic Parameters in Youth: A Prospective Cohort Study

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan McGavock ◽  
Valerie Carson ◽  
Randi Lynn Rinaldi ◽  
Brian Torrance ◽  
Katerina Maximova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Normal Blood ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Vigorous Intensity

Introduction: Few data exist describing the temporal association between the time spent within various intensities of physical activity (PA) and cardiometabolic health outcomes in youth. Study Hypotheses: In contrast to light- or moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) Vigorous- intensity PA would be associated with a reduced risk incident overweight and high normal blood pressure and (2) time spent in vigorous-intensity but not moderate- or light-intensity PA would be associated with cardiometabolic risk factors two years following baseline measurements. Design and Methods: This was a 3-year prospective cohort study of objectively-measured PA (Actical) in 315 youth aged 9 to-17 yrs of age studied in 14 schools. The primary exposure variable was PA intensity. The main outcomes measures were incident overweght status and high normal blood pressure. Secondary outcomes included disproportionate weight gain (annual change in body mass index Z score), waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), and cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max) at the three year time point. Results: After three year follow-up, increasing time spent in any of the three PA intensities was not associated with incident overweight or incident high normal blood pressure. Compared to the lowest quartile, waist circumference [β = -0.04 95% CI = -0.07 to -0.01; p trend <0.01) and SBP [β = -3.08 95% CI = -6.79 to 0.64; p trend = 0.05] were lower in boys while VO 2 max was significantly higher [43.3 (39.6-46.4) vs 50.2 (43.8-52.9) mL/kg/min; p trend <0.01] in both boys and girls in the highest quartile of vigorous PA. These trends were not observed or reversed across quartiles of moderate- and light-intensity PA. Conclusions: Increasing time spent in vigorous-intensity PA at 12 years of age was associated with a more favorable cardiometabolic profile two years later. Similar trends were not evident for lower intensity PA. Experimental trials are needed to determine if these associations are causal in nature.

Abstract P199: Keep Moving, Your Health Depends On It: Impact Of Improved Physical Activity And Weight Loss In A Wellness Program

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ebenezer T Oni ◽  
Ehimen Aneni ◽  
Maribeth Rouseff ◽  
Thinh Tran ◽  
Henry Guzman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
South Florida ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
Baseline Weight ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Negative impact of CVD as the leading cause of death in the US is worsened by the significant burden of obesity and associated morbidity and concerns about the growing population inactivity. The American Heart Association has emphasized worksite-based interventions to improve CV health. We evaluated the benefits of improved physical activity(PA) and weight loss(WL) among employees of the Baptist Health South Florida enrolled in a wellness intervention program. Methods: Employees with two or more Cardio-metabolic risk factors , such as total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl, systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg, hemoglobin A1C ≥ 6.5%, and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 30 were enrolled in an intervention program themed “My unlimited potential”. Interventions were focused on diet and PA modifications. We defined improved physical activity as the difference in the metabolic equivalents (METs) at 12 weeks follow-up and at baseline. WL (lbs) was the difference in weight at follow-up. The relationship between WL and changes in METs was explored in an ordered logistic regression. Results: Overall 203 (48±10 years, 78% females) employees were enrolled with a retention rate of 89% (n=181) at 12 weeks follow-up. At baseline the median weights was 211 lbs., and mean METs- 8.6, while at follow-up the median weight was 200 lbs, and the mean METs 11. At 12 weeks follow up 38% had significant WL (lost >5% of baseline weight). The median WL was 8.4 (IQR 4.8-13.0) lbs and the mean change in METs was 2.4±1.8. Median WL increased with increasing tertiles of METs change; tertile1- 6.5(4-11) lbs., tertile2- 9(6-13)lbs. tertile3- 11(7-15)lbs. Increased PA was related to increased WL across BMI categories adjusting for age, gender and baseline weight. Conclusion: This study points strongly toward the benefit of increasing PA among other lifestyle modification interventions in controlling weight. Although further follow-up of this population to evaluate sustainability of change is needed, our results clearly relate improved PA and health.

Long-term effects of group exercise intervention on maximal step-up height in middle-aged female primary care patients with obesity and other cardio-metabolic risk factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillemor Amanda Nyberg ◽  
Carl Johan Sundberg ◽  
Per Wändell ◽  
Jan Kowalski ◽  
Mai-Lis Hellenius
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Group Exercise ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Primary Care Patients

Abstract Background: Low physical performance is a predictor of morbidity and mortality. This study looks at long-term effects of an exercise intervention on maximal step-up height (MSH) in individuals with low physical function. Furthermore, we studied correlates to changes in MSH. Methods: Female patients (n=101), mean(SD) age of 52(11) years, were recruited for a 3-month group exercise intervention including 2-3 sessions/week of mixed aerobic fitness and strength training. MSH, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂-max), self-reported health (SF-36) and physical activity (PA) were measured at baseline (T0), after 3 months (T1) and after 14-30(mean 22) months (T2). Relationships between changes in MSH (cm) and age, baseline MSH, time to follow-up, changes in anthropometric measurements, VO₂-max, SF-36 and PA were studied with regression analyses. Results: MSH, significantly, increased from T0 to T1, 27.2(5.7) to 29.0(5.5) cm and decreased to 25.2(5.5) cm at T2. Time to follow-up (B=-0.42, p<0.001) and change in BMI (B=-0.29, p=0.012) correlated significantly to changes in MSH. Waist circumference, VO₂-max, PF and exercise/physical activity levels were significantly improved at T2, while BMI did not change. In a univariate logistic regression model, maintenance of MSH correlated to the extent of mixed training (OR 3.33, 95% CI 1.25-8.89). In a multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for important factors the correlation was not significant. However, MSH was significantly higher in individuals participating in 2-3 session per week compared to one session. Conclusions: A 3-month group exercise intervention increased MSH, improved fitness, decreased risk in female patients with elevated cardio-metabolic risk. After an average of 22 months MSH was reduced while positive effects remained for waist circumference, VO₂-max, physical function and physical activity. However, regular group exercise 2-3 times per week with mixed aerobic fitness and strength training was associated with maintenance of MSH in a subgroup of patients. We suggest that such an intervention including regular support from healthcare professionals is a successful approach for maintaining improved leg-muscle strength among primary care patients.

Cross-talk between ANGPTL4 gene SNP rs1044250 and weight management is a risk factor of Mets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhoujie Tong ◽  
Jie Peng ◽  
Hongtao Lan ◽  
Wenwen Sai ◽  
Yulin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Elevated Blood Pressure ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Elevated Blood

Abstract Background The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (Mets) is closely related to the increased incidence of cardiovascular events. Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is contributory to the regulation of lipid metabolism, herein, may provide a target for gene-aimed therapy of Mets. This case-control study was designed to elucidate the relationship between Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs1044250 and the onset of Mets, and to explore the effect of interaction between SNP rs1044250 and weight management on Mets. Methods We have recruited 1018 Mets cases and 1029 controls in this study. The SNP rs1044250 was detected, base-line information and Mets-related indicators were collected. A 5-year follow-up survey was carried out to track the lifestyle changes, drug treatments and changes in Mets-related indicators. Results ANGPTL4 gene SNP rs1044250 is an independent risk factor for increased waist circumference (OR 1.618, 95% CI [1.119–2.340]; p = 0.011) and elevated blood pressure (OR 1.323, 95% CI [1.002–1.747]; p = 0.048), the prevalence of Mets (OR 1.875, 95% CI [1.363–2.580]; p < 0.001) is increased. The follow-up survey shows that rs1044250 CC genotype patients with weight gain have an increased number of Mets components (M [Q1, Q3]: CC 1 (0, 1), CT + TT 0 [-1, 1]; p = 0.021); The interaction between SNP rs1044250 and weight management is a risk factor for increased SBP (β = 0.075, p < 0.001) and increased DBP (β = 0.097, p < 0.001), the synergistic effect is negative (S < 1). Conclusion ANGPTL4 gene SNP rs1044250 is an independent risk factor for increased waist circumference and elevated blood pressure, therefore, for Mets. Weight management that interacts negatively with ANGPTL4 polymorphism is an essential lifestyle intervention approach for elevated blood pressure.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document