CRISIL Rating: When Does AAA Mean B?

1992 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
V Raghunathan ◽  
Jayanth R Varma
Keyword(s):  
Credit Rating ◽  
Information Services ◽  
International Standards

This paper makes an attempt to assess the quality of credit rating function being performed by CRISIL (Credit Rating and Information Services of India Ltd.). With this objective, the paper addresses two important questions: a) Are CRISIL's standards of rating comparable to international standards? (b) Are CRISIL's ratings internally consistent? Based on the assessment of companies rated AAA by CRISIL on the S&P standards, the authors conclude that CRISIL's credit rating standards are not only much below international standards, they are also internally inconsistent.

The Changing Patterns of North Korea’s International Film Co-Productions Since the 1980s: A Global Value Chain Approach

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-108
Author(s):  
Moon Hwy-Chang ◽  
Wenyang Yin
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
North Korea ◽  
Film Industry ◽  
International Standards ◽  
The Political ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Film Productions

Although North Korea is one of the most closed countries in the world, it has long been pursuing international cooperation with other countries in order to upgrade the quality of its film industry to international standards. Preceding studies on this topic have mainly focused on the political influences behind filmmaking in general and very few studies have exclusively dealt with North Korea’s international co-productions. In this respect, in order to develop a comprehensive understanding of the internalization strategy of North Korea’s film productions, this paper uses the global value chain as a framework for analysis. This approach helps understand the internationalization pattern of each value chain activity of film co-productions in terms of the film location and the methods for collaborating with foreign partners. By dividing the evolution of North Korea’s international co-productions into three periods since the 1980s, this paper finds that although North Korea has shown mixed results with different aspects of the film value chain, it has generally improved its internationalization over the three periods. This paper further provides strategic directions for North Korea by learning some of the successful Chinese experiences in the film sector regarding collaboration with foreign partners—to foster a win-win situation for all involved parties.

scholarly journals An assessment of the Armenian national midwifery curriculum as per international standards

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Aslanyan ◽  
S Sahakyan ◽  
V Petrosyan
Keyword(s):  
Poor Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Global Competency ◽  
Midwifery Education ◽  
Study Team ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Document Review ◽  
Provision Of Care

Abstract Background Literature suggests increasing evidence that incompetent midwifery education results in poor quality of care. The study compared and evaluated the level of compliance of the Armenian national criterion on midwifery with the global competency standards and developed recommendations for improvement. Methods The study team conducted a document review using a standardized checklist, which was adapted from the International Confederation of Midwives (ICM) core assessment tools. The document review explored if the main knowledge and skills/ability related elements of each ICM competency were separately covered by different modules of the national criterion using a scoring system with categories: not met, partially met, fully met and unspecified. Results Although the national criterion did not have specifically defined competencies, most of the elements required by the ICM were present as specific learning outcomes under different modules of the criterion. Midwifery program curriculum was described as intensive with unnecessarily heavy workload. Additionally, the document review reviled that most of the learning outcome defined in modules of the national criterion focused more on theoretical knowledge rather than practical skills and abilities. Overall, the ICM required competency in provision of care during pregnancy was the most comprehensively covered one in the national criterion, while the competency in facilitation of abortion related care was the lowest covered. National criterion did not highlight the importance of topics such as women's rights and health, principles of epidemiology, statistical methods of research, cultural, local and ethical beliefs. Conclusions The systematic comparison of the national criterion with internationally recognized essential competencies demonstrates significant gaps. The study team recommends revisions to the national criterion to make it competency based. Key messages Midwifery education criteria in Armenia did not reflect internationally accepted midwifery competency’s fundamental philosophy and values. Given the shortcomings of the current national midwifery education criterion, a comprehensive revision of the competencies of midwives in Armenia should be considered.

Research on user needs for mobile information services in Chinese university libraries

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 617-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Shengli Deng ◽  
Ting Gao ◽  
Ruoxin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Information Content ◽  
Mobile Services ◽  
Information Services ◽  
User Needs ◽  
University Libraries ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mobile Information ◽  
User Groups ◽  
Mobile Information Services

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the service demand of existing users and potential users for mobile information services provided by university libraries in China. The primary objective is to explore the impact of user experience on user needs, which is conducted by a comparison between two user groups over their needs from three aspects – service function, service mode and information content. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected from 353 library users from ten Chinese universities via questionnaires. Based on the user needs model, three dimensions of user needs were established for mobile information services and 26 measurement items were generated through a review of the literature. Furthermore, based on frequency analysis, independent samples t-test and the calculation of need rate, the demand differences in mobile information services between existing and potential users were explored. Findings Significant differences existed in the needs for service functions and service modes of mobile information services between existing users and potential users. Existing users cared more about such characteristics as intelligence, personalization and the variety of mobile services. Potential users, in contrast, concerned themselves more with the usability of mobile services and similarity to traditional information services. These two user groups showed little difference in the needs for information content, as they both have strict requirements for specialty, richness in and quality of information resources in mobile network environments. Originality/value Previous research on user needs for mobile libraries services has been primarily conducted from the perspectives of existing users. This study, however, compared the needs of existing and potential users based on their previous experiences, which can help libraries to know better what their users need and improve the quality of mobile information services to meet those needs. This can also make existing users more willing to use the services and cultivate the usage habits of potential users at the same time.

Inline Inspection: Both Effective Data Collection and Interpretation Needed to Achieve High Quality Reporting Results

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Walker ◽  
Paul Mallaburn ◽  
Derek Balmer
Keyword(s):  
Financial Risk ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Quality Reporting ◽  
Certification Standard ◽  
Consensus Standard ◽  
Inspection Data

Historically, pipeline operators have tended to place more weight on inline inspection tool specifications than on the inherent design and reporting capabilities of the service providers themselves. While internal collection of integrity data is very important, it’s imperative that vendors, also, have high levels of expertise and effective quality control systems in place to successfully analyze exceedingly high volumes of inspection data. The quality of inspection information is vital to assessing if a pipeline is fit for purpose now and/or into the future. Integrity managers attempting to reduce overall operating risk by making decisions based on inaccurate or poor quality reporting are in fact exposing their networks to greater safety and financial risk. Recognizing these risks and that inline inspection (ILI) is an overall system that needs to be formally qualified, operators and ILI service providers have collaborated to develop several international standards. The most recent is the umbrella API-1163 industry consensus standard, which is now being widely adopted, primarily in USA. This standard provides requirements and recommended practices for qualification of the entire ILI process. Two companion standards: ASNT In-line Personnel Qualification and Certification Standard No. ILI-PQ and NACE Recommended Practice In-Line Inspection of Pipelines RP0102 combine to address specific requirements for personnel who operate and analyze the results of ILI systems. In Europe, the Pipeline Operators Forum (POF) has, also, established specific requirements for ILI reporting processes and data formats. However, these standards do not define how operators and vendors must meet these requirements. To follow will be a story about how an ILI service provider embraced a holistic approach to address these standards’ requirements, in particular in the areas of data analysis, reporting, and dig verification due to their significant importance in assuring the final quality of its deliverables. A key outcome desired will be to provide operators with greater insight into what best practices and technologies ILI service providers should have embraced and invested in to insure reliable service delivery.

Improving the efficiency and quality of carrying out certification in the agrarian and industrial complex sphere

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
V. A. Kazakova ◽  
V. A. Shinkevich ◽  
A. V. Dunayev
Keyword(s):  
International Standards ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Complex Sphere

One of key problems of improvement of system of standardization is the greatest possible application of the international (regional) standards for implementation (confirmation) of compliance of production, services to the established requirements. In this regard harmonization with the international standards of three interstate standards directed on increase of efficiency and quality of carrying out certification of works (services) in the agrarian and industrial complex sphere is carried out: GOST "Diesels tractor and kombaynovy. Delivery in repair and release from repair. Specifications"; GOST "Tractors agricultural. Delivery in repair and release from repair. Specifications"; GOST "Combines self-propelled grain-harvesting and their assembly units. Delivery in repair and release from repair. Specifications".

INOVASI APLIKASI TRANSPORTASIKU DI DINAS PERHUBUNGAN KOTA SURABAYA

Publika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 199-214
Author(s):  
Kholilah Danarratoe Kharima ◽  
Eva Hany Fanida
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Information Services ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The Public ◽  
Citizen Support ◽  
Information Reliability

Penggunaan teknologi saat ini dibutuhkan dalam bidang pelayanan publik. Seiring dengan bertambahnya kebutuhan masyarakat maka pemerintah sebagai penyedia layanan publik terus melakukan pembaruan terhadap perubahan pelayanan yang diberikan agar memudahkan masyarakat dalam mendapatkan layanan informasi. Salah satu penerapan e-government oleh Dinas Perhubungan Kota Surabaya adalah inovasi aplikasi TransportasiKu yang bertujuan untuk memberikan layanan informasi terkait lalu lintas dan transportasi umum yang ada di Surabaya secara terkini, praktis, lebih cepat dengan satu aplikasi yang memuat semua informasi melalui genggaman smartphone. Penelitian ini menganalisa menggunakan indikator measuring the quality of e-government from the user prespective (Kozák, 2018) dengan enam indikator yaitu ease of use, content and appearance of the information, reliability, citizen support, trust/security, support in completing forms. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif, teknik pengumpulan data wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi dan teknik analisa data yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi ini mendapat respon yang cukup baik dari masyarakat sebagai pengguna karena dapat memberikan layanan informasi yang dibutuhkan namun masih ada juga gangguan dalam penggunaannya. Indikator pertama, kemudahan penggunaan dirasa para pengguna sangat mudah digunakan untuk setiap saat. Indikator kedua, isi dan tampilan informasi yang dihadirkan sederhana dan lengkap. Indikator ketiga keandalan, pada aplikasi ini server yang digunakan masih kurang cukup. Indikator keempat dukungan masyarakat untuk halaman bantuan tidak tersedia hanya ada kolom komentar. Indikator kelima kepercayaan/keamanan, tidak menyertakan informasi pribadi sehingga aman. Indikator keenam dukungan dalam pengisian, formulir aplikasi ini berbasis informasi tanpa perlu pengisian formulir data para penggunanya. Kata Kunci : Pelayanan Publik, Inovasi, E-Government, TransportasiKu   The use of technology is currently needed in the field of public services. Along with the increasing needs of the community, the government as a public service provider continues to make updates to changes in the services provided to make it easier for the public to get information services. One of the applications of e-government by the Surabaya City Department of Transportation is the TransportationKu application innovation which aims to provide information services related to traffic and public transportation in Surabaya in an up-to-date, practical, faster way with one application that contains all information through the grip of a smartphone. This study analyzes using indicators measuring the quality of e-government from the user perspective (Kozák, 2018) with six indicators, namely ease of use, content and appearance of the information, reliability, citizen support, trust/security, support in completing forms. This research uses descriptive research with qualitative methods, interview data collection techniques, observation, documentation and data analysis techniques, namely data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion / verification. The results of this study indicate that this application has received a fairly good response from the public as a user because it can provide the information services needed, but there are still disturbances in its use. The first indicator, ease of use, is felt by users to be very easy to use at any time. The second indicator, the content and display of the information presented is simple and complete. The third indicator is reliability, in this application the server used is still insufficient. The fourth indicator of community support for the help page is not available, only a comment column. The fifth indicator is trust / security, does not include personal information so it is safe. The sixth indicator of support in filling in this application form is information-based without the need to fill out user data forms. Keywords: Public Service, Innovation, E-Government, TransportasiKu

International standards for services activities relating to drinking water supply systems and wastewater systems: Implications for developing countries

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
S. Lee ◽  
D. Cha ◽  
H. Park
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
System Quality ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Service Standards ◽  
Supply Systems

In developing countries, the PPP (Public–Private–Partnerships) programs have been unsatisfied during the last decade. This study analyzed one of the main causes is low quality of the system. That is, no matter what supports developing countries may get through PPP, reforming water systems can be hardly successful without appropriate system quality. With this background, this study introduces service standards of ISO/TC 224 as an option to improve system quality of developing countries. To analyze its effects, system dynamic modeling was conducted. The results indicated that service standards, working with the PPP programs, can benefit all the stakeholders involved in the water systems in developing countries. Also this indicates further that this approach with service standards deserves more detailed study for improving the ailing water systems in developing countries.

scholarly journals An investigation of the quality of meat sold in Lesotho

2009 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
T.M. Seeiso ◽  
C.M.E. McCrindle
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Veterinary Public Health ◽  
Slaughter Slabs

Since the closure of the Lesotho abattoir in 2003, only imported meat can be legally sold. However, it was estimated in 2007 that 80 % of the meat sold at butcheries comes from informal slaughter. The aim of this study was to investigate the situation. The number and location of informal butcheries in Lesotho (n = 143) were recorded and mapped using Geographical Information Systems. Observations (photographs) of informal slaughter indicated a lack of hygiene, unskilled slaughtermen and illegal disposal of offal with possible environmental pollution. In addition, a cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the microbiological quality of meat from randomly selected carcasses (n = 237) of cattle, sheep and pigs from a sample of 44 butcheries, 4 of which were associated with registered supermarkets. As a control, samples for microbiological assay were taken from imported meat originating from carcasses (n = 20) slaughtered at a registered abattoir in South Africa. Of the 44 butcheries investigated only the 4 commercial butcheries associated with supermarkets sold imported meat only; 3 butcheries sold meat inspected at government slaughter slabs (n = 3), while the rest (n = 37) sold both imported and informally slaughtered meat. In terms of Lesotho legislation, informally slaughtered meat is only for home consumption. The bacteriological counts from all samples showed a total bacterial plate count exceeding 30 organisms per mℓ in contrast with the controls which all showed a count less than 5 colonies per mℓ. This was found for both imported and informally slaughtered meat sold in Lesotho. In addition, meat samples from butcheries showed the presence of the potential pathogens Salmonella (n = 2), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 12) and Escherichia coli (n=15). During the study, anthrax was confirmed in 9 human patients, 5 of whom died, after consumption of informally slaughtered livestock. Although no cases of animal abuse were detected, it was considered that informal slaughter can prejudice livestock welfare. It was concluded that the current situation is not acceptable in terms of meat safety. Thus, the Veterinary Public Health Directorate of the National Veterinary Services has prioritised the monitoring of butchers, registration of slaughter slabs and a general extension campaign to improve hygiene and animal welfare standards for slaughter in Lesotho. This paper highlights the major risks associated with meat consumption without Veterinary Public Health intervention in accordance with international standards.

scholarly journals The effect of governance system and degree of convergence to IFRs on the quality of financial reporting: Evidence from Asia

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-423
Author(s):  
Ratna Wardhani ◽  
Sidharta Utama ◽  
Hilda Rossieta
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Financial Reporting Quality ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Governance Practice ◽  
Corporate Governance Practice ◽  
Degree Of Convergence

This research investigates the effect of governance system and degree of convergence to IFRS on financial reporting quality. With sample of Asian countries, this study concludes that country level and firm level governance systems, both at, and the degree of convergence have positive influence on financial reporting quality.The effect of degree of convergence of local GAAP to IFRS and corporate governance practice to financial reporting quality will be stronger for companies in countries with weak investor protection. Also, we find that in company with weak corporate governance practice, the adoption of international standards will increase the quality of financial reporting.The results indicate that the adoption of international accounting standard become more important in the countries and companies with weak governance system.

scholarly journals Making progress in determining quality: positional accuracy of the new 1:25,000 scale digital cartography

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Bárbara Cubillos ◽  
Ángela Ortíz ◽  
Germán Aguilera ◽  
Sergio Rozas ◽  
Claudio Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Positional Accuracy ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
Digital Cartography ◽  
Data Store ◽  
The Military

Abstract. The digital cartographic coverage at 1:25,000 that the Military Geographic Institute is creating has been worked on using international standards, so that it constitutes a standardized and interoperable tool, for the various areas of activity in Chile. In this context, the ISO TC 211 standards and the TDS (Topographic Data Store) data model developed by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) are being used.Apart from using these standards, efforts have been aimed, from an early stage, at the determination of the quality of this product, starting this process with the study for a methodology to measure Positional Accuracy. The method defined conforms to the NSSDA test; for this, points measured in the terrain especially for this control are used, also the elimination of points that are out of range under the Chauvenet Criteria. Finally, the positional accuracy is declared in the metadata.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document