scholarly journals Chronic adenoiditis

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 030006052097145
Author(s):  
Hai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Atlantoaxial Joint ◽  
Adenoid Hypertrophy ◽  
Nasal Sinus ◽  
Airway Infections ◽  
Bacterial Therapy ◽  
Chronic Adenoiditis

In addition to acute adenoiditis and adenoid hypertrophy/vegetation, chronic adenoiditis is another disease of the adenoids. However, most physicians overlook chronic adenoiditis or confuse it with adenoid hypertrophy/vegetation. The incidence of chronic adenoiditis has increased in recent years as a result of higher rates of chronic nasopharyngeal or upper airway infections. The clinical characteristics of chronic adenoiditis can include but are not restricted to the following: long-term infection (especially bacterial infection); obstruction of the upper airway; infections of adjacent regions, such as the nose, nasal sinus, pharyngeal space, middle ear, and atlantoaxial joint; induced upper airway cough syndrome; and the presence of several “infectious-immune” diseases, including rheumatic fever, autoimmune nephropathy, and anaphylactoid purpura. To date, no consensus on the treatment of chronic adenoiditis is available. However, adenoidectomy can address the local obstruction, and some patients benefit from systemic or local anti-bacterial therapy. Physicians in the Departments of Otolaryngology, Respiration, and Pediatrics should be familiar with the clinical manifestations of chronic adenoiditis and try to develop effective treatment methods for this disease.

scholarly journals Clinical Manifestations of Children with COVID-19: a Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago H. de Souza ◽  
José A. Nadal ◽  
Roberto J. N. Nogueira ◽  
Ricardo M. Pereira ◽  
Marcelo B. Brandão
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Upper Airway ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Airway Infections ◽  
Public Health Challenge ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Prevalent Symptom

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is an unprecedented global public health challenge, leading to thousands of deaths every day worldwide. Despite the epidemiological importance, clinical patterns of children with COVID-19 remain unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratorial and radiological characteristics of children with COVID-19.MethodsThe Medline database was searched between December 1st 2019 and April 6th 2020. No language restrictions were applied. Inclusion criteria were: (1) studied patients younger than 18 years old; (2) presented original data from cases of COVID-19 confirmed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction; and (3) contained descriptions of clinical manifestations, laboratory tests or radiological examinations.ResultsA total of 38 studies (1,124 cases) were included. From all the cases, 1,117 had their severity classified: 14.2% were asymptomatic, 36.3% were mild, 46.0% were moderate, 2.1% were severe and 1.2% were critical. The most prevalent symptom was fever (47.5%), followed by cough (41.5%), nasal symptoms (11.2%), diarrhea (8.1%) and nausea/vomiting (7.1%). One hundred forty-five (36.9%) children were diagnosed with pneumonia and 43 (10.9%) upper airway infections were reported. Reduced lymphocyte count were reported in 12.9% of cases. Abnormalities on computed tomography was reported in 63.0% of cases. The most prevalent abnormalities reported were ground glass opacities, patchy shadows and consolidations. Only one death was reported.ConclusionsClinical manifestations of children with COVID-19 differ widely from adults cases. Fever and respiratory symptoms should not be considered a hallmark of COVID-19 in children.

scholarly journals Clinical Features, Epidemiology, and Climatic Impact of Genotype-specific Human Metapneumovirus Infections: Long-term Surveillance of Hospitalized Patients in South Korea

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (12) ◽  
pp. 2683-2694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Kwan Lim ◽  
Oh Joo Kweon ◽  
Hye Ryoun Kim ◽  
Tae-Hyoung Kim ◽  
Mi-Kyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Sunshine Duration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Human Metapneumovirus ◽  
Hmpv Infection ◽  
Tract Infections

Abstract Background Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) commonly causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Here, we performed long-term retrospective surveillance of hMPV infection among patients hospitalized in South Korea between 2007 and 2016 and investigated seasonal dynamics and clinical characteristics associated with each virus subtype/genotype. Methods Patient specimens were tested for hMPV and other respiratory viruses by commercial molecular assays. Medical records of hMPV-positive patients were reviewed, and hMPV subtype/genotype analysis was performed. We also collected meteorological data and analyzed relationships with hMPV activity. Results Of 23 694 specimens, 1275 (5.4%) were positive; among them, 94.0% were classified into 5 subtypes (A1, A2a, A2b, B1, and B2). Some clinical manifestations differed according to hMPV genotype; however, there was no correlation between hMPV subtype and clinical outcome. Viral activity peaked at 13–20 weeks (April and May) and was associated with climate-specific factors, including temperature, relative humidity, diurnal temperature variation, wind speed, and sunshine duration. Conclusions This large-scale, 10-year study provides valuable information about the clinical characteristics associated with hMPV subtypes and climate factors contributing to virus transmission.

Postoperative cognitive dysfunction: progress mechanisms and clinical characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (19) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
K. B. Manysheva ◽  
M. A. Akhmedov ◽  
A. A. Rakhmanova ◽  
S. M. Khutalieva
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation ◽  
Brain Barrier Permeability ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The article is devoted to the study of postoperative cognitive dysfunction — a syndrome that is often found in the postoperative period and does not depend on the volume of surgeon. Based on the analysis of the results of modern studies, the authors cite the most likely etiological causes of the syndrome, grouped according to different categories of risk factors. The pathogenetic algorithm for cognitive dysfunction includes the appearance of systemic inflammation, improving blood-brain barrier permeability with the endothelial dysfunction, the migration of inflammatory agents into the central nervous system, and the formation of oxidative stress. The clinical manifestations of cognitive deficit in the outcome of surgeon performed under general anesthesia, the authors illustrate with their own observations of patients with a neurosurgical profile with spinal pathology operated on with the use of propofol anesthesia, comparing the results of neuropsychological testing with an assessment of the level of anxiety. In conclusion, the authors outline a strategy for the prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction and recommend conducting neuropsychological rehabilitation as an important component of postoperative recovery for all patients with a diagnosed cognitive deficit that occurred after surgery.

NEUROENDOCRINE TUMORS OF THE PANCREAS: ETIOLOGY, PATHOGENESIS, DIAGNOSIS, AND CURRENT TREATMENT APPROACHES

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 830-839
Author(s):  
Temuri Morgoshiya
Keyword(s):  
Neuroendocrine Tumors ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Hormones ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
By Products

The overview of literature on modem classification issues, diagnostics and treatments of neuroendocrinal tumors of a pancreas is provided. According to modern views all neuroendocrinal tumors of a pancreas having clinical manifestations (in the form of the syndromes caused by products of specific hormones; increases in level of hormones in blood of patients without clinical manifestations; in the form of signs of existence of volume education in various departments of PZh) and/or the researches (more than 5 mm) revealed by means of beam methods are malignant in the biology as they have high potential to innidiation. In article it is shown that a considerable part of neuroendocrinal tumors of a pancreas are nonfunctioning, i.e. not cosecreting various gastrointestinal hormones and polypeptides in blood and thereof not followed characteristic clinical manifestations. It is noted that diagnostics of neuroendocrinal tumors of a pancreas is extremely difficult task on which solution the choice of a method of treatment and its long-term results depends...

Ketamine Treatment in Depression: A Systematic Review of Clinical Characteristics Predicting Symptom Improvement

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 1398-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darby J.E. Lowe ◽  
Daniel J. Müller ◽  
Tony P. George
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Bipolar Depression ◽  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Future Direction

Ketamine has been shown to be efficacious for the treatment of depression, specifically among individuals who do not respond to first-line treatments. There is still, however, a lack of clarity surrounding the clinical features and response periods across samples that respond to ketamine. This paper systematically reviews published randomized controlled trials that investigate ketamine as an antidepressant intervention in both unipolar and bipolar depression to determine the specific clinical features of the samples across different efficacy periods. Moreover, similarities and differences in clinical characteristics associated with acute versus longer-term drug response are discussed. Similarities across all samples suggest that the population that responds to ketamine’s antidepressant effect has experienced chronic, long-term depression, approaching ketamine treatment as a “last resort”. Moreover, differences between these groups suggest future research to investigate the potential of stronger efficacy towards depression in the context of bipolar disorder compared to major depression, and in participants who undergo antidepressant washout before ketamine administration. From these findings, suggestions for the future direction of ketamine research for depression are formed.

scholarly journals 369. Clinical Characteristics of the First 177 Patients Admitted with COVID-19 at a Bronx Community Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S254-S254
Author(s):  
Victoria Bengualid ◽  
Maria Martinez ◽  
Zhenisa Hysenaj ◽  
Debra M Willner ◽  
Judith Berger
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Patient Characteristics ◽  
Altered Mental Status ◽  
Channel Blockers ◽  
First Case ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background The first case of COVID-19 was admitted on March 15th 2020 to our community based hospital in the Bronx, NY. The aim of this study is to describe the clinical characteristics and outcome of these first COVID-19 patients. Patient Characteristics and Outcome Methods IRB approved retrospective chart review study of all COVID-19 patients admitted during March 2020 focusing on patient characteristics, co-morbidities, clinical manifestations and outcome. Results A total of 177 patients were admitted during March 2020: 57% African American 23.1% Hispanic and 16.9% White. 44.9% female, average age 60 years, and 90% had at least one comorbidity. Outcome was available on all patients except for one who was transferred to another institution for ECMO. Overall mortality was 33%. Clinical presentation: 69.4% presented with cough or shortness of breath, 15.8% with diarrhea, nausea, vomiting or abdominal pain, and 14.6% with myalgia, dizziness or altered mental status. 6.2% presented only with fever. However 59.8% of patients presented with fever and respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms. Mortality The table compares patients who died vs discharged (either home or to a short term facility). Those that were 65 years or older, hypertensive or presented to the ER with an oxygen saturation of 94% or lower, were more likely to die. Ventilated patients: 31.6% of patients were intubated with a mortality rate of 77%. 22% of these patients were intubated in the first 24 hours. Compared to non-intubated patients, there was no difference in BMI, diabetes, hypertension, COPD/Asthma, use of statins, aspirin or calcium channel blockers. Intubated patients older than 64 years had significantly higher mortality rates (p=0.0001). Conclusion This cohort of COVID-19 patients is unique as almost all received Hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin. Only 9% received steroids and even fewer received an interleukin-6 inhibitor, convalescent plasma or Remdesivir. African Americans and Hispanics accounted for 80% of patients. Greater than 90% received Medicaid. Overall mortality was 33%. The most common presentation was respiratory followed by gastrointestinal symptoms. The overall mortality was 33% but increased to 77% in intubated patients. Age, hypertension, and ER oxygen saturation correlated with mortality. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Clinical presentations and long term prognosis of childhood onset polyarteritis nodosa in single centre of Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeong-Seon Lee ◽  
Joong-Gon Kim ◽  
Soyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Polyarteritis Nodosa ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Long Term Prognosis ◽  
Digital Amputation

AbstractChildhood-onset polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare and systemic necrotising vasculitis in children affecting small- to medium-sized arteries. To date, there have been only a few reports because of its rarity. Thus, we aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment, and long-term outcomes in patients with childhood-onset PAN and to evaluate the usefulness of the paediatric vasculitis activity score (PVAS). We retrospectively analysed the data of nine patients with childhood-onset PAN from March 2003 to February 2020. The median ages at symptom onset, diagnosis, and follow-up duration were 7.6 (3–17.5), 7.7 (3.5–17.6), and 7.0 (1.6–16.3) years, respectively. All patients had constitutional symptoms and skin manifestations, while five exhibited Raynaud’s phenomenon. Organ involvement was observed in one patient. The median PVAS at diagnosis was 7 (range: 2–32). Prednisolone was initially used for induction in all patients, and other drugs were added in cases refractory to prednisolone. All patients survived, but three patients with high PVAS at diagnosis experienced irreversible sequelae, including intracranial haemorrhage and digital amputation. In conclusion, early diagnosis and treatment may minimise sequelae in patients with childhood-onset PAN. This study suggests that high PVAS score at diagnosis may be associated with poor prognosis.

scholarly journals Large papillary fibroelastoma of right atrium, an unusual case of respiratory distress in a young man

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Le Ho ◽  
Pui Fong Ng ◽  
Sotheenathan Krishinan ◽  
Basheer Ahamed Abdul Kareem
Keyword(s):  
Right Atrium ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Clinical Information ◽  
Interatrial Septum ◽  
Papillary Fibroelastoma ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Intracardiac Masses ◽  
The Right ◽  
Embolic Risk

Abstract Background Papillary fibroelastomas are rare but benign cardiac tumour that are often found on cardiac valvular surfaces. Their clinical manifestations ranging from clinically asymptomatic to substantial complications that are usually secondary to systemic embolism. Multiple theories have been proposed to explain the pathophysiology of its formation. Case presentation We reported a rare case of large papillary fibroelastoma in the right atrium of a young gentleman which was complicated with pulmonary embolism. Transthoracic echocardiography identified a large pedunculated mass measuring 3.4cmX3.4cmX2cm in right atrium with stalk attached to interatrial septum. The intracardiac mass was resected surgically, which revealed papillary fibroelastoma in histology examination. Conclusion Differential diagnosis of intracardiac masses requires clinical information, laboratory tests and imaging modalities including echocardiography. Incidentally discovered papillary fibroelastomas are treated on the basis of their sizes, site, mobility and potential embolic complications. Due to the embolic risk inherent to intraacardiac masses, surgical resection represents an effective curative protocol in treating both symptomatic and asymptomatic right sided and left sided papillary fibroelastomas, with excellent long term postoperative prognosis.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 long-term nucleic acid positive patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Xuan Zhu ◽  
Xinxin Zhu ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Fang Yang ◽  
Zhibing Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Viral Shedding ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Acid Test ◽  
Pulmonary Ct

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) long-term nucleic acid positive patients (hereinafter referred to as CLTAPs). METHODS: Patients were recruited from the Xiaogan Central Hospital between 16 January 2020 and 28 March 2020. Among the 562 cases of patients with laboratory-identified COVID-19 infection by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qtPCR), 19 cases of COVID-19 patients with more than 41 days from the first to the last time of nucleic acid test were selected as the study group, and 76 cases of age- and gender-matched COVID-19 patients were selected as the control group (hereinafter referred to as C-CLTAPs). Demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, laboratory examination and computed tomography (CT) imaging characteristics were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: On admission, among the 562 cases of patients with COVID-19, there were 398 cases of ordinary COVID-19 patients, 99 cases of severe COVID-19 patients and 99 cases of critical COVID-19 patients. CLTAPs had milder clinical symptoms and longer viral shedding time in comparison to C-CLTAPs. Compared to C-CLTAPs, CLTAPs had a lower infection index at admission. CLTAPs used less oxygen therapy and a higher proportion of hydroxychloroquine treatment in comparison to C-CLTAPs. In comparison to C-CLTAPs, CLTAPs showed slower pulmonary CT progression and faster pulmonary CT absorption. CONCLUSION: In this study, out of the 562 cases, we found 19 CLTAPs. The clinical differences between CLTAPs and C-CLTAPs were compared and analyzed. We hope that these finding can provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of CLTAPs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document