scholarly journals Naturally Occurring Lethal Parvovirus Infection of Juvenile and Young-Adult Rats

1983 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.L. Coleman ◽  
R.O. Jacoby ◽  
P.N. Bhatt ◽  
A.L. Smith ◽  
A.M. Jonas
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Asymptomatic Infection ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
The Brain

A lethal disease characterized by hemorrhage and necrosis of the brain, testes, and epididymides developed in young adult rats housed in specific pathogen free quarters. Morphological, virological, and serological investigations of the outbreak indicated that the probable causative agent was rat virus (Kilham), a common parvovirus of rats that usually Induces persistent, asymptomatic infection in adult rats.

scholarly journals Repeated mild blast exposure in young adult rats results in dynamic and persistent microstructural changes in the brain

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 60-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Badea ◽  
Alaa Kamnaksh ◽  
Robert J. Anderson ◽  
Evan Calabrese ◽  
Joseph B. Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Blast Exposure ◽  
The Brain

Subchronic effects of ochratoxin A on young adult rat brain and partial prevention by aspartame, a sweetener

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 380-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Belmadani ◽  
G Tramu ◽  
A M Betbeder ◽  
E E Creppy
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Ochratoxin A ◽  
Duration Of Treatment ◽  
Nuclear Effect ◽  
Penicillium Species ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Adult Rat ◽  
Adult Rat Brain ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Amino Acid Concentrations

1. Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by several fungi, especially Aspergillus and Penicillium species. Many food and foodstuffs can be contaminated by ochratoxin A, which is consequently found in blood of animals and humans. 2. The distribution into the brain of young adult rats fed OTA for 1 to 6 weeks and some consequences have been investigated in the present study. 3. Our results on rats given OTA (289 mg/kg/48 h) indicated that OTA accumulated in the whole brain as function of time according to a regression curve, Y=78.723 a+16.72 with a correlation coefficient of r=0.989, where Y-axis is the OTA concentration in ng/ g of brain and X-axis is the duration of the treatment in weeks. The brain OTA contents was 11.95+2.2, 23.89+4.4, 39.9+4.5, 50.3+7.3, 78.8+6.3, 94+16 ng/g of brain in the mycotoxin-treated animals for respectively 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6-weeks treatment. OTA induced modifications of free amino-acid concentrations in the brain, mainly, Tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe). Tyr decreased significantly as compared to control (p50.05). Phe increased signifi-cantly as compared to control (p<50.05). 4. Aspartame, (25 mg/kg/48 h) a structural analogue of OTA largely modified the distribution and prevented the accumulation of OTA in the brain since the respective brain OTA contents decreased respectively to 9.6+7.9, 19.2+3.0, 26.8+4.2, 19.7+1.9, 13.7+5.6 and 11.0+6.0 ng/g of tissue, for the same duration of treatment. It also prevented the modifications of Tyr and Phe levels. 5. The histological investigations showed several necrotic cells with pyknotic nucleus, detected in OTA treated animals with higher frequency as compared to the controls and Aspartame treated ones. Aspar-tame appeared to significantly prevent this nuclear effect as well, the meaning of which is discussed.

scholarly journals Experimental Feline Infectious Enteritis in the Germfree Cat

1967 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 275-288
Author(s):  
G. R. Johnson ◽  
A. Koestner ◽  
M. W. Rohovsky
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Reticular Cell ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Intestinal Lesions ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Reactive Proliferation

Selected tissues from 13 germfree and 3 specific pathogen-free cats experimentally infected with feline infectious enteritis were studied electron microscopically. Intestinal lesions consisting of dilatation of intercellular spaces and of endoplasmic reticular cisternae occurred only in specific pathogen-free cats. No lesion was demonstrated in the intestine of infected germfree cats, indicating that the virus of feline infectious enteritis may not be solely responsible for the intestinal lesions described in the naturally occurring disease. The lesions in the lymph nodes were identical in specific pathogen-free and germfree cats and consisted of lymphocytic destruction within 72 hours post-inoculation and reactive proliferation of reticular cell-macrophages and plasma cells. The preferred designation of this disease in cats as feline infectious panleukopenia is supported.

Laboratory Animal Research Centre (Larc) “A Specific Pathogen Free Rodent Facility” - Covid – 19 Pandemic Response Plan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muralitharan Shanmugakonar ◽  
Vijay Kanth Govindharajan ◽  
Kavitha Varadharajan ◽  
Hamda Al-Naemi
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Animal ◽  
Animal Research ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Functional Requirement ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Response Plan ◽  
Pandemic Response ◽  
Operational Plan

Laboratory Animal Research Centre (LARC) has developed an early emergency operational plan for COVID-19 pandemic situation. Biosafety and biosecurity measures were planned and implemented ahead of time to check the functional requirement to prevent the infection. Identified necessary support for IT, transport, procurement, finance, admin and research to make the operations remotely and successfully.

Brain Drug Delivery: Overcoming the Blood-brain Barrier to Treat Tauopathies

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 1448-1465 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Hanes ◽  
Eva Dobakova ◽  
Petra Majerova
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Neuronal Function ◽  
Brain Drug Delivery ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
The Brain

Tauopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the deposition of abnormal tau protein in the brain. The application of potentially effective therapeutics for their successful treatment is hampered by the presence of a naturally occurring brain protection layer called the blood-brain barrier (BBB). BBB represents one of the biggest challenges in the development of therapeutics for central nervous system (CNS) disorders, where sufficient BBB penetration is inevitable. BBB is a heavily restricting barrier regulating the movement of molecules, ions, and cells between the blood and the CNS to secure proper neuronal function and protect the CNS from dangerous substances and processes. Yet, these natural functions possessed by BBB represent a great hurdle for brain drug delivery. This review is concentrated on summarizing the available methods and approaches for effective therapeutics’ delivery through the BBB to treat neurodegenerative disorders with a focus on tauopathies. It describes the traditional approaches but also new nanotechnology strategies emerging with advanced medical techniques. Their limitations and benefits are discussed.

Role of Flavonoids in Neurodegenerative Disorders with Special Emphasis on Tangeritin

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 581-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ambreen Fatima ◽  
Yasir Hasan Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Plant Polyphenols ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Brain

Flavonoids are naturally occurring plant polyphenols found universally in all fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants. They have emerged as a promising candidate in the formulation of treatment strategies for various neurodegenerative disorders. The use of flavonoid rich plant extracts and food in dietary supplementation have shown favourable outcomes. The present review describes the types, properties and metabolism of flavonoids. Neuroprotective role of various flavonoids and the possible mechanism of action in the brain against the neurodegeneration have been described in detail with special emphasis on the tangeritin.

scholarly journals Curcumin reduces enteric isoprostane 8-iso-PGF2α and prostaglandin GF2α in specific pathogen-free Leghorn chickens challenged with Eimeria maxima

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor M. Petrone-Garcia ◽  
Raquel Lopez-Arellano ◽  
Gabriela Rodríguez Patiño ◽  
Miriam Aide Castillo Rodríguez ◽  
Daniel Hernandez-Patlan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Oxidation Products ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Post Challenge ◽  
Eimeria Maxima ◽  
Lipid Oxidation Products ◽  
Challenge Control ◽  
Specific Pathogen

AbstractThe purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate and determine the concentration of prostaglandin GF2α (PGF2α) and isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α in plasma and intestine of specific pathogen-free (SPF) Leghorn chickens challenged with Eimeria maxima, with or without dietary supplementation of curcumin using solid‐phase microextraction and ultra‐performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Eighty 1-day-old male SPF chickens were randomly allocated to one of four groups with four replicates (n = 5 chickens/replicate). Groups consisted of: (1) Control (no challenge), (2) Curcumin (no challenge), (3) Eimeria maxima (challenge), and (4) Eimeria maxima (challenge) + curcumin. At day 28 of age, all chickens in the challenge groups were orally gavaged with 40,000 sporulated E. maxima oocysts. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were observed in the groups regardless of the treatment or challenge with E. maxima. Enteric levels of both isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α and PGF2α at 7 days and 9 days post-challenge were significantly increased (P < 0.01) compared to the non-challenge control chickens. Interestingly, the enteric levels of both isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α and PGF2α at 7 days post-challenge were significantly reduced in chickens fed curcumin, compared to control chickens challenge with E. maxima. At 9 days post-challenge, only levels of isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α in the enteric samples were significantly reduced in chickens challenged with E. maxima supplemented with curcumin, compared with E. maxima challenge chickens. No differences of isoprostane 8‐iso‐PGF2α or PGF2α were observed in plasma at both days of evaluation. Similarly, no significant differences were observed between the challenge control or chickens challenge with E. maxima and supplemented with curcumin at both times of evaluation. The results of this pilot study suggests that the antioxidant anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin reduced the oxidative damage and subsequent intestinal mucosal over-production of lipid oxidation products. Further studies to confirm and extend these results in broiler chickens are required.

scholarly journals The Potential Effects of Phytoestrogens: The Role in Neuroprotection

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2954
Author(s):  
Justyna Gorzkiewicz ◽  
Grzegorz Bartosz ◽  
Izabela Sadowska-Bartosz
Keyword(s):  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Estrogen Therapy ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Epigenetic Effects ◽  
Estrogen Synthesis ◽  
Health Promoting ◽  
The Brain

Phytoestrogens are naturally occurring non-steroidal phenolic plant compounds. Their structure is similar to 17-β-estradiol, the main female sex hormone. This review offers a concise summary of the current literature on several potential health benefits of phytoestrogens, mainly their neuroprotective effect. Phytoestrogens lower the risk of menopausal symptoms and osteoporosis, as well as cardiovascular disease. They also reduce the risk of brain disease. The effects of phytoestrogens and their derivatives on cancer are mainly due to the inhibition of estrogen synthesis and metabolism, leading to antiangiogenic, antimetastatic, and epigenetic effects. The brain controls the secretion of estrogen (hypothalamus-pituitary-gonads axis). However, it has not been unequivocally established whether estrogen therapy has a neuroprotective effect on brain function. The neuroprotective effects of phytoestrogens seem to be related to both their antioxidant properties and interaction with the estrogen receptor. The possible effects of phytoestrogens on the thyroid cause some concern; nevertheless, generally, no serious side effects have been reported, and these compounds can be recommended as health-promoting food components or supplements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document