Parental migraine in relation to migraine in offspring: Family linkage analyses from the HUNT Study

Background Migraine is known to run in families. While some clinical studies have indicated that migraine is disproportionally transmitted through the maternal line, this has not been examined in a population-based setting. Methods We utilized a large, population-based cohort study from Norway, the HUNT Study. Using a cross-sectional design, our sample consisted of 13,731 parents and 8970 offspring. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for active migraine and non-migrainous headache in offspring, given active maternal or paternal headache. Results There was a significant association between maternal migraine and offspring migraine (odds ratio 2.76, 95% confidence interval 2.18–3.51). A weaker association ( p = 0.004 for comparison with maternal migraine) was found between paternal migraine and offspring migraine (odds ratio 1.67, 95% confidence interval 1.33–2.28). For non-migrainous headache, there was a significant association between mothers and offspring (odds ratio 1.25, 95% confidence interval 1.10–1.43), but not between fathers and offspring. Conclusions Parental migraine is associated with offspring migraine, with a stronger association for maternal migraine. This may indicate maternal-specific transmission.

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Daytime napping is associated with retinal microcirculation: a large population-based study in China

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab277 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Xin Liu ◽

Guowei Wang ◽

Xiaoyan Wang ◽

Yueye Wang ◽

Yan Min ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Large Population ◽

Vascular Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cubic Spline ◽

Fundus Photography ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Retinal Microcirculation ◽

Cubic Spline Curve

Abstract Study Objectives To investigate the association between daytime napping and retinal microcirculation. Methods This is a cross-sectional study from a prospective population-based cohort. 2,662 participants were recruited after quota sampling. Information on napping was collected through face-to-face interviews. Retinal vascular calibers (RVCs), including central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE), and arterio-to-venous ratio (AVR), were obtained from fundus photography. Multivariate regression and restricted cubic spline curve were performed to determine the association between RVCs and daytime napping duration. Results 56.4% participants reported daytime napping regularly. Compared to no nap, daytime nap was related to higher CRAE, with nap duration of 0.5–1 h showing the most significant association. 0.5–1 h daytime nappers displayed an average of 4.18 µm (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.45–5.91, p < 0.001) wider CRAE than non-nappers after adjustment. No significant association was found between CRVE and daytime napping. Moreover, individuals with 0.5–1 h daytime napping had a lower risk for AVR reduction (odds ratio [OR] 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.56–0.86, p = 0.001) than non-nappers. Similar association persisted in non-hypertensive population. Restricted cubic spline indicated a J-shaped relationship between AVR reduction and nap duration. Conclusion Retinal microcirculation was positively associated with self-reported 0.5–1 h daytime napping. Better indicators of retinal microcirculation were probably related to nap duration in a J-shaped manner. Also, the possibly beneficial role of 0.5–1 h daytime napping on retinal microcirculation might be independent of clinically diagnosed vascular diseases.

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Inhibitory control of positive and negative information and adolescent depressive symptoms: a population-based cohort study

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291720002469 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Gemma Lewis ◽

Katherine S. Button ◽

Rebecca M. Pearson ◽

Marcus R. Munafò ◽

Glyn Lewis

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Inhibitory Control ◽

Adolescent Depression ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Negative Information ◽

Convincing Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adolescent Depressive Symptoms

Abstract Background Large population-based cohort studies of neuropsychological factors that characterise or precede depressive symptoms are rare. Most studies use small case-control or cross-sectional designs, which may cause selection bias and cannot test temporality. In a large UK population-based cohort, we investigated cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between inhibitory control of positive and negative information and adolescent depressive symptoms. Methods Cohort study of 2328 UK adolescents who completed an affective go/no-go task at age 18. Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Clinical Interview Schedule Revised (CIS-R) and short Mood and Feeling Questionnaire (sMFQ) at age 18, and with the sMFQ 1 year later (age 19). Analyses were multilevel and traditional linear regressions, before and after adjusting for confounders. Results Cross-sectionally, we found little evidence that adolescents with more depressive symptoms made more inhibitory control errors [after adjustments, errors increased by 0.04% per 1 s.d. increase in sMFQ score (95% confidence interval 0.02–0.06)], but this association was not observed for the CIS-R. There was no evidence for an influence of valence. Longitudinally, there was no evidence that reduced inhibitory control was associated with future depressive symptoms. Conclusions Inhibitory control of positive and negative information does not appear to be a marker of current or future depressive symptoms in adolescents and would not be a useful target in interventions to prevent adolescent depression. Our lack of convincing evidence for associations with depressive symptoms suggests that the affective go/no-go task is not a promising candidate for future neuroimaging studies of adolescent depression.

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Examining the Presence of Back Pain in Competitive Athletes: A Focus on Stress and Recovery

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation ◽

10.1123/jsr.2017-0235 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 188-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jahan Heidari ◽

Johanna Belz ◽

Monika Hasenbring ◽

Jens Kleinert ◽

Claudia Levenig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Back Pain ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Competitive Athletes ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Biomechanical Factors

Context: Explanatory approaches for back pain (BP) in athletes focus on biomechanical factors while neglecting psychological perspectives. Psychological factors have gained importance in the prediction of injuries in athletes and BP in the general population, with stress and recovery emerging as central risk factors. However, scarce evidence exists regarding the role of these aspects for the prevalent burden of BP. Objective: To investigate the association between stress and recovery parameters and the presence of BP. Design: Cross-sectional design. Setting: The questionnaires were distributed after the training sessions. Participants: A total of 345 competitive athletes (mean age = 18.31 y [SD = 5.40]) were investigated. The classification of the athletes’ competitive status was based on performance level. Interventions: Data were collected using questionnaires for the assessment of stress, recovery, and BP. Main Outcome Measures: The authors performed a multiple logistic regression to obtain odds ratios for stress and recovery parameters with regard to the outcome variable BP status. Results: For stress, the dimension “overall stress” (odds ratio = 1.83; 95% confidence interval, 1.30–2.59; P = .001) and the scale “physical complaints” (odds ratio = 1.68; 95% confidence interval, 1.25–2.25; P = .001) of the general version of the Recovery-Stress Questionnaire resulted to be significantly associated with BP. None of the recovery-related scales displayed a statistically significant relationship with BP. Conclusion: The outcomes of this study imply a modest association between stress and the presence of BP in competitive athletes. Practitioners may take these findings into account regarding the conception of training and for monitoring purposes.

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Does insomnia modify the association between C-reactive protein and migraine? The Tromsø Study 2015–2016

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1177/0333102418825370 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 39 (8) ◽

pp. 1022-1029 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Knut Hagen ◽

Laila A Hopstock ◽

Anne Elise Eggen ◽

Ellisiv B Mathiesen ◽

Kristian Bernhard Nilsen

Keyword(s):

Confidence Interval ◽

Migraine With Aura ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Migraine Without Aura ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

The Impact ◽

Migrainous Headache

Background The relationship between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and migraine is unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional population-based study was to investigate the association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and types of headache, and to evaluate the impact of insomnia on this association. Methods A total of 20,486 (63%) out of 32,591 invited, aged ≥40 years or older, participated in the seventh wave of the Tromsø study conducted in 2015–2016 and had valid information on headache, insomnia and high sensitivity C-reactive protein. The influence of insomnia on the association between questionnaire-based diagnoses of headache and elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein defined as >3.0 mg/L was assessed using multiple logistic regression, estimating prevalence odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. Results A total of 6290 participants (30.7%) suffered from headache during the last year. Among these, 1736 (8.5%) fulfilled the criteria of migraine, 991 (4.8%) had migraine with aura, 746 (3.6%) migraine without aura (3.8%), and 4554 (22.2%) had non-migrainous headache. In the final multi-adjusted analysis, elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein was associated with headache (odds ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.20), migraine (odds ratio 1.17, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.35), and migraine with aura (odds ratio 1.23, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.53). No association was found between elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein and migraine without aura or non-migrainous headache. The association between high sensitivity C-reactive protein and migraine was strongly dependent on insomnia status. Among individuals with insomnia, elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein was associated with migraine (odds ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.02–2.17), and migraine with aura (odds ratio 1.59, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.45), whereas no such relationship was found among those without insomnia. Conclusions In this cross-sectional study, participants with migraine, in particular migraine with aura, were more likely to have elevated high sensitivity C-reactive protein, evident only among those with insomnia.

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Sick Leave is Related to Frequencies of Migraine and Non-Migrainous Headache—The HUNT Study

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2006.01151.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 960-967 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

I Fiane ◽

ME Haugland ◽

LJ Stovner ◽

J-A Zwart ◽

G Bovim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sick Leave ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Population Based ◽

Work Situation ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Economic Implications ◽

The Past ◽

Hunt Study ◽

Migrainous Headache

The aim of this large, cross-sectional, population-based study was to examine the association between sick leave and headache. Between 1995 and 1997, all 92 566 adults in Nord-Tr⊘ndelag County in Norway were invited to participate in a health survey. Out of 73 327 invited individuals <67 years old, a total of 38 192 (52±) responded to questions about headache, work situation and sick leave during the past year. Associations between sick leave, headache and migraine included were assessed in multivariate analyses, estimating prevalence odds ratios (ORs) with 95± confidence intervals (CIs). There was an increasing prevalence of sick leave with increasing frequency of migraine and non-migrainous headache. The prevalence of sick leave >8 weeks during the past year was more than three times higher among individuals with headache >14 days per month (20±) compared with those without headache (6±). The results may indicate that better treatment of individuals with chronic headache may have beneficial economic implications.

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Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and COVID-19: a population-based cohort study

Blood Cancer Journal ◽

10.1038/s41408-021-00580-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Saemundur Rognvaldsson ◽

Elias Eythorsson ◽

Sigrun Thorsteinsdottir ◽

Brynjar Vidarsson ◽

Pall Torfi Onundarson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Myeloma ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Monoclonal Gammopathy ◽

Large Population ◽

Immune Dysfunction ◽

Population Based ◽

Study Group ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Undetermined Significance

AbstractMultiple myeloma (MM) patients have increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) when infected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), the precursor of MM has been associated with immune dysfunction which may lead to severe COVID-19. No systematic data have been published on COVID-19 in individuals with MGUS. We conducted a large population-based cohort study evaluating the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe COVID-19 among individuals with MGUS. We included 75,422 Icelanders born before 1976, who had been screened for MGUS in the Iceland Screens Treats or Prevents Multiple Myeloma study (iStopMM). Data on SARS-CoV-2 testing and COVID-19 severity were acquired from the Icelandic COVID-19 Study Group. Using a test-negative study design, we included 32,047 iStopMM participants who had been tested for SARS-CoV-2, of whom 1754 had MGUS. Among these participants, 1100 participants, tested positive, 65 of whom had MGUS. Severe COVID-19 developed in 230 participants, including 16 with MGUS. MGUS was not associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection (Odds ratio (OR): 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.81–1.36; p = 0.72) or severe COVID-19 (OR: 0.99; 95%CI: 0.52–1.91; p = 0.99). These findings indicate that MGUS does not affect the susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 or the severity of COVID-19.

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Headache Prevalence Related to Haemoglobin and Ferritin. The HUNT Study

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00756.x ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 24 (9) ◽

pp. 758-762 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

AH Aamodt ◽

B Borch-Iohnsen ◽

K Hagen ◽

LJ Stovner ◽

A Åsberg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Odds Ratio ◽

Multivariate Analyses ◽

Linear Trend ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Altitude Sickness ◽

Hunt Study ◽

Low Levels

As clinic-based studies show an association between headache and both high and low levels of haemoglobin, we analysed this relationship in a population-based cross-sectional study (the HUNT Study). A total of 2385 women aged 20-55 years responded to a headache questionnaire and gave blood samples for measuring haemoglobin and ferritin. In the multivariate analyses, adjusting for age and education, there was a linear trend of decreasing prevalence of headache ( P = 0.02) and migraine ( P = 0.01) with decreasing haemoglobin. In particular, migraine was less likely among women with low haemoglobin (values < 11.5 g/dl) (odds ratio 0.4, confidence interval 0.2, 0.9). There was no correlation between headache prevalence and ferritin. The present findings may be relevant for the headache reported in polycythaemia and chronic altitude sickness.

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Multiple lifestyle behaviours and mortality, findings from a large population-based Norwegian cohort study - The HUNT Study

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-016-3993-x ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Steinar Krokstad ◽

Ding Ding ◽

Anne C. Grunseit ◽

Erik R. Sund ◽

Turid Lingaas Holmen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Lifestyle Behaviours ◽

Hunt Study

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Assessment of longitudinal and cross-sectional effects of age on adult obesity in an Iranian population: results of a large population-based cohort study

10.32592/ircmj.2021.23.6.736 ◽

2021 ◽

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Large Population ◽

Target Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Longitudinal Effects ◽

The Cross

Background: The risk of obesity commonly changes with age, which is a longitudinal (aging) effect. Moreover, the individuals who enter the study at the same age have similar living conditions that may influence their obesity risk in a particular way; this is a cross-sectional effect. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age should be considered for a better understanding of the effect of age on obesity and the related factors. Objectives: The present study aimed to (i) assess both the cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age on obesity and (ii) determine how obesity changes with age in the target population using a Marginal Logistic Regression (MLR) model. Materials and Methods: The current study made use of the information of individuals who had participated in the Isfahan Cohort Study. Participants were a large group of Iranian adults over 35 years of age who lived in the central region of Iran in 2001. Repeated measurements were obtained in 2001, 2007, and 2013. Results: From 2001 to 2013, the percentage of obesity in men and women raised from 13% and 31% to 18% and 44%, respectively. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age were significantly associated with the odds ratio of obesity. There was a rise in the probability of obesity for individuals aged 35-60 years at baseline and a decline for the older ones. The odds of obesity had about a 2% increase (on average) per year, regardless of the baseline age. Conclusion: The obtained results pointed to a difference between the cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age on the probability of obesity in the target population. The high and rising prevalence of obesity was a serious public health issue among participants, especially women, aged 35-60 years. The assessment of changes in obesity in a population-based study provides opportunities to target subpopulations that need more care and attention in public health interventions

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The Contribution of Leisure Center Usage to Physical Activity in the United Kingdom: Evidence From a Large Population-Based Cohort

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2020-0422 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Coral L. Hanson ◽

Paul Kelly ◽

Lis Neubeck ◽

Jordan Bell ◽

Holly Gibb ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Local Authority ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Activity Levels ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Leisure Facilities

Background: Physical activity (PA) levels vary across specific population groups, contributing to health inequalities. Little is known about how local authority leisure centers contribute to population PA and whether this differs by age, sex, or socioeconomic group. Methods: The authors calculated weekly leisure center–based moderate/vigorous PA for 20,904 registered adult users of local authority leisure facilities in Northumberland, United Kingdom, between July 2018 and June 2019, using administrative data. The authors categorized activity levels (<30, 30–149, and ≥150 min/wk) and used ordinal regression to examine predictors for activity category achieved. Results: Registered users were mainly female (58.7%), younger (23.9% of users aged 18–29 y vs 10.1% of those aged 70+ y), and from the 2 most affluent socioeconomic quintiles (53.7%). Median weekly moderate/vigorous leisure center–based activity was 55 minutes per week (interquartile range: 30–99). Being female (odds ratio: 2.09; 95% confidence interval, 1.95–2.35), older (odds ratio: 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.16), and using a large facility (odds ratio: 1.21; 95% confidence interval, 1.03–1.42) were positive predictors of leisure center–based PA. Conclusion: Older adults and females were more likely to be active and achieve the recommended PA levels through usage of the centers. Widespread use of this novel measure of leisure center–based activity would improve the understanding of how local authority leisure centers can address physical inactivity and its associated inequalities.

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