scholarly journals When Men Who Dislike Feminists Feel Proud: Can Self-Affirmation and Perspective-Taking Increase Men’s Empathy Toward Feminists?

2021 ◽  
pp. 036168432110174
Author(s):  
Sofia Persson ◽  
Thomas J. Hostler
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Male Engagement ◽  
Online Abuse ◽  
The Impact

Abuse against women’s rights activists is a serious concern, but there is a lack of research into strategies on how to reduce this. Past research has identified self-affirmation (i.e., thinking about one’s valued traits) and perspective-taking as promising strategies to reduce minority target backlash. Through one pilot study ( n = 98), and one two-part experimental study ( n = 202), we tested the effect of perspective-taking and self-affirmation on empathy toward feminism among men. Fictional Facebook profiles were manipulated to encourage perspective-taking, perspective-taking with self-affirmation, or were neutral in content. Participants then rated feelings toward individual feminists as well as feelings (in the context of perspective-taking emotions) toward abuse faced by feminists more generally. Results indicated that perspective-taking combined with self-affirmation promoted empathetic feelings (as represented by perspective-taking emotions) toward feminists experiencing abuse. The impact on empathy was particularly strong among men with high initial prejudice toward feminists. These results suggest that self-affirmation could potentially reduce online abuse of feminists through an increase in empathetic feelings. This research has broader implications for male engagement within feminism, and we recommend that educators and male allies of feminism promote positive, affirming roles for men (e.g., as fathers), as this may encourage empathy toward feminist issues. Policy makers could consider this strategy in the context of promoting policies such as shared parental leave.

scholarly journals Quasi-experimental study of decision-making under conditions of equal choice

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 79-93
Author(s):  
A.N. Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Experimental Psychology ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Cognitive Sciences ◽  
The Third ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

The problem of decision-making in the situation of choice among equivalent alternatives is considered in the article. This problem is relevant for behavioral and cognitive Sciences, as well as for practice. At present, it does not have an unambiguous solution. For the first time the problem has been formulated in philosophy and described by the famous parable of Buridan’s donkey. In experimental psychology, the complexity of the problem was shown in the experiment of Nisbett R.T. and Wilson T.D., who offered the subjects to choice one from four identical goods in the supermarket. It has been shown that this choice is not accidental. Most buyers prefer a product that lies fourth on the storefront but do not realize it. The researchers concluded that in a situation of equal choice, the factor of place of goods on display is significant. The proposed article refers to a pilot study of the impact of different ways of presenting subjects with equivalent alternatives to choose from. Three groups of subjects were asked to make a choice in three different situations: to randomly select and cross out one cell in the rows of the figure in the form of a ladder and a pyramid (from 2 to 20). The third group was offered a situation of “distribution of 11 financial funds between 12 unfamiliar managers” sitting at a round table. The study showed that in the first two cases there is a tendency to choose alternatives that are at the center of the proposed figures. In the third case, there is a tendency to “allocate funds in the form of a clock face”. However, many subjects seem to apply some of their strategies of choice and are not aware of them. In practice, such choice is going to be irrational and often unpredictable.

scholarly journals A Hope Intervention Compared to Friendly Visitors as a Technique to Reduce Depression among Older Nursing Home Residents

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna M. Wilson ◽  
Alexandra Marin ◽  
Param Bhardwaj ◽  
Bonnie Lichlyter ◽  
Amy Thurston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Hope Intervention ◽  
The Impact

Depression is common among older persons. An experimental study was undertaken to test the impact of a four-week hope program on depressed nursing home residents. Residents aged 65 or older, who met the criteria for this pilot study and agreed to participate, were randomly assigned to (a) an intervention group, and provided with weekday hope interventions mainly involving positive messages and pictures or (b) a modified control group, and provided with a friendly weekday greeting. The structured hope intervention was not proven effective for reducing depression or raising hope. Instead, a significant reduction in depression among the control subjects was found, as well as a nonsignificant increase in their level of hope. Although these findings suggest friendly visitors may be a more efficacious nonpharmacological approach for reducing depression, further investigations are needed to confirm this and to explore the impact of other hope interventions.

The Early Experiences of a National System for the Identification and Assessment of Emerging Health Care Technologies in Sweden

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Carlsson ◽  
Henric Hultin ◽  
Johanna Törnwall
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Technology Assessment ◽  
Emerging Technologies ◽  
Early Assessment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Systematic Identification ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis article presents the experiences from a pilot study and the establishment of a permanent system called SBU Alert. The question of establishing a system for the identification and assessment of emerging technologies in health care in Sweden has been on the agenda since the late 1980s. The demand came primarily from policy makers. The pilot study showed that the awareness of the project in the target group (politicians, leading managers, hospital directors, and senior medical advisors) was high. Almost all of those who replied to an assessment questionnaire were in favor of a continuation of the work. In 1997, the Swedish Council on Technology Assessment in Health Care (SBU) was selected to establish a permanent organization. This work has resulted in the identification of a number of methodological problems and tentative solutions concerning all components in the SBU Alert system. We have found that a system for systematic identification and early assessment of emerging technologies is a new and promising tool in the health technology assessment arsenal. Still, experiences are limited. Methodology and the impact of early judgments on decision making need further evaluation.

scholarly journals Virtual reality-based conflict resolution: The impact of immersive 360° video on changing view points and moral judgment in the context of violent intergroup conflict

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 2255-2278
Author(s):  
Béatrice S. Hasler ◽  
Daniel H. Landau ◽  
Yossi Hasson ◽  
Noa Schori-Eyal ◽  
Jonathan Giron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Conflict Resolution ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Intergroup Conflict ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Sense Of Presence ◽  
The Impact

We present an experimental study conducted in the context of the Israeli–Palestinian conflict that examined the effect of immersive 360° video on inducing a more critical perception of the ingroup’s actions in the conflict. An immersive experience of a simulated conflict scenario filmed from the outgroup’s point of view led to the judgment of the ingroup actors’ behavior as less moral and less justified compared to watching the same scenario as a two-dimensional video. This effect was not mediated through increased outgroup perspective-taking and empathy but through higher levels of hostile emotions toward the ingroup actors, which in turn were influenced by an increased sense of presence and engagement in the immersive experience. These findings provide initial evidence for the still widely unexplored potential of virtual reality as a new method for conflict resolution.

The Behavior-Attitude Relationship and Satisfaction in Proenvironmental Behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1106-1132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Ertz ◽  
Emine Sarigöllü
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Proenvironmental Behavior ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Online Study ◽  
The Past ◽  
Past Behavior ◽  
Expectancy Disconfirmation ◽  
The Impact

Past research on environmentally sustainable behaviors has focused on the impact of a wide array of psychological factors, such as values, attitudes, norms, motivation, or perceptions, on behavior. The aim of this article is to study an alternative perspective by focusing on the effect of behavior on attitude, instead of the opposite, and by examining the mediation of satisfaction on that relationship. Drawing on both the self-perception and cognitive dissonance theories, we demonstrate that the expectancy disconfirmation model illuminates the conditions under which the past behavior-attitude link may improve. An online study with 409 U.S. citizens revealed that satisfaction mediates the positive behavior-attitude relationship, while this is not the case for the attitude-behavior relation. Our results also highlight the importance of multidimensional conceptualization for both proenvironmental behavior (PEB) and attitudes toward PEB, while providing useful guidelines for practitioners and policy makers.

Pilot Study: The Impact of Yoga on Health

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle V. Shelov ◽  
Sonia Suchday ◽  
Jennifer P. Friedberg
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
The Impact

Experimental study of thermohydraulic characteristics and irreversibility analysis of novel axial corrugated tube with spring tape inserts

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 30901
Author(s):  
Suvanjan Bhattacharyya ◽  
Debraj Sarkar ◽  
Ulavathi Shettar Mahabaleshwar ◽  
Manoj K. Soni ◽  
M. Mohanraj
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Thermal Performance ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Heat Exchanger Tube ◽  
Heat Transfer Augmentation ◽  
Corrugated Tube ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exchanger Tube

The current study experimentally investigates the heat transfer augmentation on the novel axial corrugated heat exchanger tube in which the spring tape is introduced. Air (Pr = 0.707) is used as a working fluid. In order to augment the thermohydraulic performance, a corrugated tube with inserts is offered. The experimental study is further extended by varying the important parameters like spring ratio (y = 1.5, 2.0, 2.5) and Reynolds number (Re = 10 000–52 000). The angular pitch between the two neighboring corrugations and the angle of the corrugation is kept constant through the experiments at β = 1200 and α = 600 respectively, while two different corrugations heights (h) are analyzed. While increasing the corrugation height and decreasing the spring ratio, the impact of the swirling effect improves the thermal performance of the system. The maximum thermal performance is obtained when the corrugation height is h = 0.2 and spring ratio y = 1.5. Eventually, correlations for predicting friction factor (f) and Nusselt number (Nu) are developed.

Markets for Purchased Farm Inputs

2005 ◽  
pp. 60-71
Author(s):  
E. Serova ◽  
O. Shick
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Market Institutions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Government Organizations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Farm Inputs

Russian policy makers argue that agriculture suffers from decapitalization due to financial constraints faced by producers. This view is the basis for the national agricultural policy, which emphasizes reimbursement of input costs and substitutes government and quasi-government organizations for missing market institutions. The article evaluates the availability of purchased farm inputs, the efficiency of their use, the main problems in the emergence of market institutions, and the impact of government policies. The analysis focuses on five groups of purchased inputs: farm machinery, fertilizers, fuel, seeds, and animal feed. The information sources include official statistics and data from two original surveys.

Managing Service Quality, Food Quality, Price Fairness and Customer Retention: A Holistic Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Ammar Ahmed ◽  
Rafat Naseer ◽  
Muhammad Asadullah ◽  
Hadia Khan
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Customer Retention ◽  
Price Fairness ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Restaurant Management ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
The Impact

In this competitive environment, organizations strive to satisfy their customer by providing best quality service at affordable and fair prices with a view to enhance their revenues. To achieve the objective of revenue maximization, organizations strive to identify the factors that help them in retaining their customers. Drawing from the signalling theory of marketing, the current study proposes a novel conceptual model representing the impact of service quality with food quality and price fairness on customer retention in restaurant sector of Pakistan. The paper underlines an important arena of knowledge for academicians as well as organizational scientists on the subject. On the basis of literature available on the variables understudy, the present study forwards eight research propositions worthy of urgent scholarly attention. The conceptualized model of the present article can also be viewed significant in unleashing further avenues for the restaurant management entities, policy makers and future researchers in the domain of managing in the service sector businesses.

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