Depression Symptoms, Mattering, and Anti-mattering: Longitudinal Associations in Young Adulthood

2021 ◽  
pp. 073428292110505
Author(s):  
Amanda Krygsman ◽  
Ann H. Farrell ◽  
Heather Brittain ◽  
Tracy Vaillancourt
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Dynamic Interplay

We examined the dynamic interplay of depression symptoms, mattering (i.e., self-evaluation of importance or significance to others), and anti-mattering across four years of development in young adulthood (age 20–23; N = 452) using a cross-lagged panel model (CLPM). Support for a transactional model between anti-mattering and depression symptoms was found. Specifically, anti-mattering positively predicted later depression symptoms and depression symptoms consistently predicted later anti-mattering. Depression symptoms also shared a negative association with later mattering but not the reverse, supporting a symptoms-driven model of depression symptoms and mattering. Auto-regressive paths, residual covariances, and cross-lagged paths were invariant over time. Accounting for gender, household income, parental education, and fear of COVID-19 as covariates did not change the results. The stability of mattering and anti-mattering suggest careful consideration of how to effectively change these patterns. The implications for assessment and intervention on mattering or anti-mattering in the prevention and treatment of depression are discussed.

scholarly journals Depression at Treatment Initiation Predicts HIV Antiretroviral Adherence in Uganda

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn J. Wagner ◽  
Mary Slaughter ◽  
Bonnie Ghosh-Dastidar
Keyword(s):  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Depression Symptom ◽  
Minor Depression ◽  
Antiretroviral Adherence ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Hiv Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Predictors Of Adherence

We examined the relationship between depression (symptom type, diagnostic severity, and change over time) and adherence to HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) with data from 3 longitudinal studies (N = 1021) of patients starting ART in Uganda. The Patient Health Questionnaire was used to assess depressive symptoms (total score; somatic and cognitive subscales) and categorize severity level. At baseline, 9% had major depression and 30% had minor depression; 82% were adherent (reported no missed ART doses in the past 7 days) at month 6 and 85% at month 12. Controlling for demographic and medical covariates, multivariate random-effects logistic regression models revealed that change in depression was not related to adherence; however, baseline total depression symptoms and cognitive symptoms in particular as well as major and minor depression were significant predictors of adherence. These findings highlight the need for early identification and aggressive treatment of depression to optimize ART adherence.

scholarly journals Ketamine—New Possibilities in the Treatment of Depression: A Narrative Review

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1186
Author(s):  
Mateusz Kowalczyk ◽  
Edward Kowalczyk ◽  
Paweł Kwiatkowski ◽  
Łukasz Łopusiewicz ◽  
Monika Sienkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antidepressant Effect ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
Worldwide Population ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Resistant Depression ◽  
Depressive Episodes ◽  
Rapid Treatment

The SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus epidemic has led to an increase in the number of people with depression. Symptoms related to the mental sphere (mainly depression and anxiety) may be experienced by one third of the worldwide population. This entails the need for the effective and rapid treatment of depressive episodes. An effective drug seems to be s-ketamine, which was accepted in March 2019 by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of drug-resistant depression. This drug provides a quick antidepressant effect with maximum effectiveness achieved after 24 h. It also appears to reduce the occurrence of suicidal thoughts. However, research into undesirable effects, especially in groups of people susceptible to psychotic episodes or those who use alcohol or psychoactive substances, is necessary.

Comprehensive Cross-Efficiency Methods with Common Weight Restrictions in Data Envelopment Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (05) ◽  
pp. 2050019
Author(s):  
Qing Wang ◽  
Keke Wei ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
Xuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Weight Restrictions ◽  
Aggregation Method ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Weight Restriction ◽  
Restriction Methods ◽  
Common Weight ◽  
The Stability

Considering both self-evaluation and peer evaluation, the traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) cross-efficiency method has been widely used to evaluate efficiency scores. However, it has several defects such as excessive weight flexibility, unstable evaluation, and aggregation irrationality. This paper proposes a novel comprehensive DEA cross-efficiency method where two novel weight restriction methods are used to enhance the stability and feasibility of evaluation. Then, final efficiency scores were calculated through the geometric mean aggregation method. Finally, an empirical example is used to demonstrate that the proposed methods are more reasonable and scientific.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Co-Occurrence of Internalizing and Externalizing Depression Symptoms in a Community Sample of Australian Male Truck Drivers

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Rice ◽  
Helen M. Aucote ◽  
Dina Eleftheriadis ◽  
Anne Maria Möller-Leimkühler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Externalizing Symptoms ◽  
Truck Drivers ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Symptom Ratings ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Trucking industry employees are known to be at risk of elevated levels of stress and a range of behaviors that may compromise their mental health. Clinical reports indicate that in response to negative emotional states, men tend to engage in a cluster of externalizing behaviors including irritability, anger and aggression, risk taking, and substance misuse. However, as such symptoms fall outside standard diagnostic depression criteria, the diagnosis and treatment of depression in men may be impeded. The present exploratory study reports retrospective symptom ratings of internalizing and externalizing depression symptoms from 91 Australian male truck drivers. Moderate correlation between externalizing and internalizing symptoms was reported across the sample, though internalizing symptoms were reported more frequently. However, consistent with prediction, those meeting probable depression caseness ( n = 20) reported three times the number of externalizing symptoms relative to those in the nonclinical group (Cohen’s d = 1.31). Externalizing symptoms may be a particular phenotypic feature of depression in men, and assessment of such symptoms may assist in the detection of those unwilling to disclose typical internalizing symptoms (i.e., sadness, hopelessness). Results also highlight the need for targeted research into stress-related and mental health outcomes of men in high health risk occupations such as truck driving.

scholarly journals Cohort profile: the DANish LIFE course (DANLIFE) cohort, a prospective register-based cohort of all children born in Denmark since 1980

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e027217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Bengtsson ◽  
Nadya Dich ◽  
Andreas Rieckmann ◽  
Naja Hulvej Rod
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Full Data ◽  
Childhood Adversities ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adolescence And Young Adulthood ◽  
Health And Well Being

PurposeThe DANish LIFE course (DANLIFE) cohort is a prospective register-based study set up to investigate the complex life course mechanisms linking childhood adversities to health and well-being in childhood, adolescence and young adulthood including cumulative and synergistic actions and potentially sensitive periods in relation to health outcomes.ParticipantsAll children born in Denmark in 1980 or thereafter have successively been included in the cohort totalling more than 2.2 million children. To date, the study population has been followed annually in the nationwide Danish registers for an average of 16.8 years with full data coverage in the entire follow-up period. The information is currently updated until 2015.Findings to dateDANLIFE provides information on a wide range of family-related childhood adversities (eg, parental separation, death of a parent or sibling, economic disadvantage) with important psychosocial implications for health and well-being in childhood, adolescence and young adulthood. Measurement of covariates indicating demographic (eg, age, sex), social (eg, parental education) and health-related factors (eg, birth weight) has also been included from the nationwide registers. In this cohort profile, we provide an overview of the childhood adversities and covariates included in DANLIFE. We also demonstrate that there is a clear social gradient in the exposure to childhood adversities confirming clustering of adverse experiences within individuals.Future plansDANLIFE provides a valuable platform for research into early life adversity and opens unique possibilities for testing new research ideas on how childhood adversities affect health across the life course.

scholarly journals Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors Associated With Trajectories of Depression Symptoms From Adolescence to Young Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. e196587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex S. F. Kwong ◽  
José A. López-López ◽  
Gemma Hammerton ◽  
David Manley ◽  
Nicholas J. Timpson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Environmental Risk ◽  
Environmental Risk Factors ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Individual music therapy for depression: randomised controlled trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 199 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Erkkilä ◽  
Marko Punkanen ◽  
Jörg Fachner ◽  
Esa Ala-Ruona ◽  
Inga Pöntiö ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Music Therapy ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Care Group ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Model ◽  
Treatment Practices ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Working Age ◽  
General Functioning

BackgroundMusic therapy has previously been found to be effective in the treatment of depression but the studies have been methodologically insufficient and lacking in clarity about the clinical model employed.AimsTo determine the efficacy of music therapy added to standard care compared with standard care only in the treatment of depression among working-age people.MethodParticipants (n= 79) with an ICD–10 diagnosis of depression were randomised to receive individual music therapy plus standard care (20 bi-weekly sessions) or standard care only, and followed up at baseline, at 3 months (after intervention) and at 6 months. Clinical measures included depression, anxiety, general functioning, quality of life and alexithymia. Trial registration: ISRCTN84185937.ResultsParticipants receiving music therapy plus standard care showed greater improvement than those receiving standard care only in depression symptoms (mean difference 4.65, 95% CI 0.59 to 8.70), anxiety symptoms (1.82, 95% CI 0.09 to 3.55) and general functioning (–4.58, 95% CI −8.93 to −0.24) at 3-month follow-up. The response rate was significantly higher for the music therapy plus standard care group than for the standard care only group (odds ratio 2.96, 95% CI 1.01 to 9.02).ConclusionsIndividual music therapy combined with standard care is effective for depression among working-age people with depression. The results of this study along with the previous research indicate that music therapy with its specific qualities is a valuable enhancement to established treatment practices.

A prospective study of screen time in adolescence and depression symptoms in young adulthood

2015 ◽  
Vol 81 ◽  
pp. 108-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Grøntved ◽  
John Singhammer ◽  
Karsten Froberg ◽  
Niels Christian Møller ◽  
An Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
A Prospective Study

Core self-evaluation and depression among caregivers of Alzheimer disease patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S544-S544
Author(s):  
E. Wojtyna ◽  
A. Pyszkowska ◽  
M. Cembrzyńska ◽  
A. Wiszniewicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Alzheimer Disease ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
Modifying Factors ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Therapy Interventions ◽  
Core Self

IntroductionCaregivers of Alzheimer Disease (AD) patients suffer from chronic stress and psychophysical burden, which often lead to depression symptoms. It seems that core self-evaluation (CSE), coping with stress and social support might be modifying factors in coping with situation of caregiving.AimsThe aims of the study were to examine: (1) level of depression; (2) relationships between CSE, style of coping with stress, social functioning and depression severity among caregivers.MethodsThe study involved 60 caregivers of AD patients who were children of the sick and have been caring for at least one year. It was cross-sectional and assessed by questionnaires. Following tools were used: Core Self-Evaluation, Beck Depression Inventory, Coping Inventory for Stress Situations, Distress Thermometer and an original questionnaire assessing the situation of caregiving.ResultsA total of 51.7% of responders demonstrated severity of depression symptoms, associated to at least one mild clinical depression episode. The factors introduced to the model explained 65% variance of depression symptoms. Predictors of greater depression symptoms proved to be: low CSE (ΔR2 = 0.32; β = −0.12), low social support (ΔR2 = 0.08; β = −0.27), low life satisfaction (ΔR2 = 0.02, β = −0.26), high levels of distress (ΔR2 = 0.12, β = 0.31), coping style focused on emotions (ΔR2 = 0.12, β = 0.17).ConclusionsIn the area of caregivers’ psychological assistance and depression therapy, interventions leading to increase of CSE and providing adequate social support that contributes to better care provision and maintaining proper self-image, should be taken into consideration.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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