Exploring Caregivers’ Clothing Choices for Individuals With Severe Alzheimer's Disease: An Application of the Theories of Self-Complexity and Choosing for Others

2021 ◽  
pp. 0887302X2110539
Author(s):  
Hyo Jung (Julie) Chang ◽  
Su-Jeong Hwang Shin ◽  
Nancy Hodges
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
The United States ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
Triangular Relationships ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Clothing Choices ◽  
With Memory

The number of older Americans as well as those living with Alzheimer's is rapidly growing. Alzheimer's dementia is a disease that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. The role of caregivers is important, as they are the individuals who assist those with Alzheimer's in completing not just medical tasks, but fundamental activities of daily living, such as selecting garments to wear and getting dressed. The purpose of this study was to understand how caregivers make such choices. Interviews with twelve caregivers of individuals with severe stage Alzheimer's were conducted in nursing homes in the United States. Four themes emerged: The Role of Proxy, Routine Selections, Gift-Giving for Loved Ones, and Triangular Relationships. In all cases, the recipient's preferences were important to caregivers’ choices. Further research on the outcomes of making choices for others is needed.

Aquatic Stewardship Education in Theory and Practice

2007 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Marine Debris ◽  
Direct Link ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Sewage Discharges ◽  
Over Time

Abstract.—In 2003, more than 69 million people participated in recreational boating in the United States. The tenet that boating activity leads to higher aquatic stewardship ethics is often assumed since heightened environmental sensitivity has been correlated with significant positive contact with the outdoors. However, a direct link between boating and stewardship has not been substantiated. A review of current outreach efforts suggests that measures of boating-related stewardship could include preventing petroleum-based pollution, reducing marine debris, reducing sewage discharges, reducing air pollution, reducing habitat disturbance and physical destruction, and utilizing less harmful chemicals for boating activities. Measures of positive stewardship could also include boater’s involvement in, and support of, government programs and funding that promote these on-the-water behaviors. While these behaviors could be considered outward signs of good stewardship ethics, the motivation behind them would be more difficult to assess, thereby complicating the distinction between actual stewardship and behavior motivated by other forces. However, to the natural resources manager, motivation may not be as important as the resulting behavior, as long as the desired behaviors are sustained over time. A review of behaviors being promoted by the boating community (and applied examples), their utility as measures of aquatic stewardship, and the role of motivations are discussed.

scholarly journals Shame closely tracks the threat of devaluation by others, even across cultures

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (10) ◽  
pp. 2625-2630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Sznycer ◽  
John Tooby ◽  
Leda Cosmides ◽  
Roni Porat ◽  
Shaul Shalvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Negative Information ◽  
The Self ◽  
Making Choices ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Empirical Demonstration

We test the theory that shame evolved as a defense against being devalued by others. By hypothesis, shame is a neurocomputational program tailored by selection to orchestrate cognition, motivation, physiology, and behavior in the service of: (i) deterring the individual from making choices where the prospective costs of devaluation exceed the benefits, (ii) preventing negative information about the self from reaching others, and (iii) minimizing the adverse effects of devaluation when it occurs. Because the unnecessary activation of a defense is costly, the shame system should estimate the magnitude of the devaluative threat and use those estimates to cost-effectively calibrate its activation: Traits or actions that elicit more negative evaluations from others should elicit more shame. As predicted, shame closely tracks the threat of devaluation in the United States (r= .69), India (r= .79), and Israel (r= .67). Moreover, shame in each country strongly tracks devaluation in the others, suggesting that shame and devaluation are informed by a common species-wide logic of social valuation. The shame–devaluation link is also specific: Sadness and anxiety—emotions that coactivate with shame—fail to track devaluation. To our knowledge, this constitutes the first empirical demonstration of a close, specific match between shame and devaluation within and across cultures.

How Musical We Are: John Blacking on Music, Education, and Cultural Understanding

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Shehan Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
South African ◽  
The United States ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Musical Culture ◽  
Musical Thought ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
And Behavior

The distinguished music scholar John Blacking (1928-1990) made the study of music in culture and the nature of musical thought and behavior his lifelong quest. Although an anthropologist by training and an ethnomusicologist in his academic output, he produced a vast quantity of publications on the nature of musicality and musical development in the Venda children of northern Transvaal, South Africa. There are multiple purposes of this research, starting with a profile of the professional career of John Blacking, from his musical beginnings in England to his South African Odyssey of fieldwork and teaching of music as a social and cultural force, and finally to his teaching and scholarly contributions as an academic powerhouse and articulate advocate for the education of children in and through music in the United Kingdom, the United States, and internationally. An examination follows to gauge the extent of John Blacking's fieldwork and theoretical views relevant to music, education, and culture, with particular attention to Blackings approach to the study of children as a distinctive musical culture and the nature of their musicality, the central role of physical movement and dance as integrated within the musical experience, and the development of world musics in educational programs.

Exploring Mechanisms in the Entrepreneurial Passion–Entrepreneurial Behavior Relationship: Mediating Role of Growth-Oriented Intentions

2021 ◽  
pp. 089484532110058
Author(s):  
Shanshan Qian ◽  
David L. Brannon ◽  
Filiz Tabak
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Business School ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Entrepreneurial Behavior ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Relationship

This research explores the mechanisms that connect entrepreneurial passion (EP) to entrepreneurial behavior. We investigate the mediating impact of growth-oriented intentions on the relationship between EP and behavior. We conducted a two-wave longitudinal survey study and recruited a sample of 235 undergraduate students from a business school in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. Our findings indicate EPs for inventing and for founding are significantly related to entrepreneurial behavior and that growth-oriented intentions partially mediate the relationships between passions for founding and for inventing with behavior. We discuss implications of our findings.

scholarly journals Hypothalamic Cavernous Angioma Associated With Memory and Behavior Disturbance Attacks: Role of Imaging in Diagnosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Preetam Bhujagonda Patil ◽  
Muralidhar Gururajrao Kamalapur ◽  
Jayaraj Chandrashekhar Sindhur ◽  
Shyamsundar Krishnabhat Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Cavernous Angioma ◽  
Behavior Disturbance ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
With Memory

scholarly journals Antecedents of Maternal Rejection Across Cultures: An Examination of Child Characteristics

SAGE Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 215824402092704
Author(s):  
Heimi Son ◽  
Young Ae Lee ◽  
Dong Hyun Ahn ◽  
Stacey N. Doan ◽  
Eun Hye Ha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Effortful Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Child Characteristics ◽  
Maternal Rejection ◽  
Child Factors ◽  
Japanese Mothers ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Moderating Role

Maternal rejection may be associated with individual child characteristics. This relationship may vary across cultures. This study aimed to identify group differences in maternal rejection as well as child characteristics. We also explored the moderating role of culture in influencing the relations between child characteristics and maternal rejection. In total, 153 mothers with a child aged 3 to 6 years participated in the survey. Participants were from the East Coast of the United States ( N = 48); Seoul, Korea ( N = 65); and Japan (Tokyo and Saitama) ( N = 40). American mothers perceived their children to be more active and extroverted than did Korean mothers, who perceived their children to be better at controlling their behavior than American and Japanese mothers. American mothers reported significantly higher levels of their children’s behavior problems than Korean and Japanese mothers. It was observed that culture moderated the relations between child factors (e.g., effortful control and internalizing problems) and maternal rejection. These findings suggest that culture influences the association between child characteristics (temperament and behavior) and maternal rejection.

NMDA Receptor Antagonists: Repositioning of Memantine as a Multitargeting Agent for Alzheimer's Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (33) ◽  
pp. 3506-3518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Tanvir Kabir ◽  
Mohammad A. Sufian ◽  
Md. Sahab Uddin ◽  
Mst. Marium Begum ◽  
Shammi Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nmda Receptor ◽  
Nmda Receptors ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Nmda Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Receptor Antagonists ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
With Memory

: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that causes problems with memory, thinking, and behavior. Currently, there is no drug that can reduce the pathological events of this degenerative disease but symptomatic relief is possible that can abate the disease condition. N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors exert a critical role for synaptic plasticity as well as transmission. Overstimulation of glutamate receptors, predominantly NMDA type, may cause excitotoxic effects on neurons and is recommended as a mechanism for neurodegeneration. Atypical activation of the NMDA receptor has been suggested for AD by synaptic dysfunction. NMDA receptor antagonists especially memantine block the NMDA receptor and can reduce the influx of calcium (Ca2+) ions into neuron, thus, toxic intracellular events are not activated. This review represents the role of NMDA receptors antagonists as potential therapeutic agents to reduce AD. Moreover, this review highlights the repositioning of memantine as a potential novel therapeutic multitargeting agent for AD.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19-related knowledge on protective behaviors: The moderating role of primary sources of information

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. e0260643
Author(s):  
Sooyoung Kim ◽  
Ariadna Capasso ◽  
Stephanie H. Cook ◽  
Shahmir H. Ali ◽  
Abbey M. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
And Behavior

This study assessed the modifying role of primary source of COVID-19 information in the association between knowledge and protective behaviors related to COVID-19 among adults living in the United States (US). Data was collected from 6,518 US adults through an online cross-sectional self-administered survey via social media platforms in April 2020. Linear regression was performed on COVID-19 knowledge and behavior scores, adjusted for sociodemographic factors. An interaction term between knowledge score and primary information source was included to observe effect modification by primary information source. Higher levels of knowledge were associated with increased self-reported engagement with protective behaviors against COVID-19. The primary information source significantly moderated the association between knowledge and behavior, and analyses of simple slopes revealed significant differences by primary information source. This study shows the important role of COVID-19 information sources in affecting people’s engagement in recommended protective behaviors. Governments and health agencies should monitor the use of various information sources to effectively engage the public and translate knowledge into behavior change during an evolving public health crisis like COVID-19.

scholarly journals Jealousy delirium associated with memory deficits

2007 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-122
Author(s):  
Orazio Zanetti ◽  
Angela Tommasoni ◽  
Giulia Lussignoli
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disorder ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Memory Deficits ◽  
Prompt Treatment ◽  
Memory Deterioration ◽  
With Memory

Alzheimer’s disease is a progressive and fatal neurodegenerative disorder manifested by cognitive and memory deterioration, progressive impairment of activities of daily living, and a variety of neuropsychiatric symptoms and behavioural disturbances. A correct and early diagnosis not only allows prompt treatment but can also give the person with Alzheimer’s and his family more time to arm themselves with knowledge about this type of dementia and the best way to live with the disease. The role of Family Physician is very important in early diagnosis: dementia may be suspected if memory deficits are exhibited during the medical history and physical examination. Information from the patient’s family members, friends and caregivers may also point to signs of dementia. We report a case of a 75-years-old man who was suffering from cognitive deficits and behavioural problems: the first disease symptom was a strong feeling of jealousy towards his wife.

scholarly journals Policy Series: Building Momentum for a New Future in Politics and Aging: Examining Economics, Values, Language, and Care

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 680-680
Author(s):  
Michael Lepore ◽  
Jean Accius
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Spending ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Political Values ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Federal Initiatives

Abstract Coinciding with the 2020 presidential election, the 75th anniversary of the Gerontological Society of America arrives amid the contentious creation of a new future for politics and aging. Increasing inequality, spreading disinformation, and mounting despotism are escalating threats to constitutional democracy, but at the same time other social changes are promoting the development of a more thoroughly caring, intergenerationally just, and robustly democratic society. At the crux of this societal transformation, relentless political inertia on core aging issues, like the role of government in the care and support of older adults, continues to inhibit meaningful change in federal policy, dampening the potential for older Americans to achieve desired future states, like living well despite advanced age or disability. This session examines major contemporary trends at the intersection of politics and aging in the United States. Papers address the economics and demographics of aging, drawing attention to increasing federal spending on older adults, decreasing availability of caregivers, and geographic clustering of older people; changes in the age of the electorate, intergenerational political values, and the growing politically polarization of American society; the tendency for federal initiatives to fail to support caregivers, for reasons of policy history, policy traits, and mass public features, like the political isolation of informal caregivers; and the role of linguistic and metaphorical practices in shaping our experiences and views of aging. Discussion addresses opportunities for the country to become more age-friendly while also sustaining democratic institutions and national unity.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document