Analysis of tribological behavior of medical-grade UHMW polyethylene under dry and lubricated conditions with human body fluids using Taguchi and GRA techniques

2020 ◽  
pp. 089270572094190
Author(s):  
Omar Hussain ◽  
Babar Ahmad ◽  
Shahid Saleem
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Optimization Techniques ◽  
Pin On Disc

The present work focuses on evaluating the tribological behavior of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) with 316L stainless steel and Ti6Al4V under dry and lubricated sliding conditions using human body fluids (synovial fluid and human serum). Eighteen trials of experiments were performed using a reciprocating sliding tribometer (pin-on-disc) at 37°C based on Taguchi’s L18 (21 × 32) array. The in-vitro experimental results revealed that UHMWPE offers better tribological performance under synovial fluid lubrication conditions irrespective of the counterface material. The optimization of the response variables (coefficient-of-friction (COF) and specific wear rate (WR)) was performed using optimization techniques (Taguchi and Grey relational analysis). It was revealed that Ti6Al4V counterface material under synovial fluid lubrication and normal load of 52 N exhibits the optimal tribological performance with UHWMPE. The contribution of process parameters on the COF and WR was evaluated using analysis of variance. It was established that load is the most significant parameter, affecting COF and WR.

scholarly journals A soluble form of Fc gamma RIII is present in human serum and other body fluids and is elevated at sites of inflammation

Blood ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 79 (10) ◽  
pp. 2721-2728 ◽  
Author(s):  
HB Fleit ◽  
CD Kobasiuk ◽  
C Daly ◽  
R Furie ◽  
PC Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Seminal Fluid ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Rabbit Antiserum ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Normal Serum ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

We have developed a highly sensitive and specific sandwich enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the concentration of Fc gamma RIII in serum and other body fluids. This ELISA is based on the use of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) (3G8) to Fc gamma RIII and a rabbit antiserum against Fc gamma RIII. The lower limit of detection of this ELISA was 1.5 nmol/L. The concentration of soluble Fc gamma RIII in normal serum ranged from 7.3 to 75.9 nmol/L. Soluble Fc gamma RIII was also present in other normal biologic fluids such as saliva, urine, and seminal fluid, but at much lower concentrations than that found in serum. Rabbit anti-Fc gamma RIII immunoblotted polypeptides immunoprecipitated with MoAb 3G8. Fc gamma RIII immunoprecipitated from a neutrophil lysate migrated from 40 to 76 Kd, whereas Fc gamma RIII immunoprecipitated from serum from the same donor migrated from 40 to 66 Kd. The soluble form of Fc gamma RIII apparently was bound to serum IgG, because immunoprecipitation of soluble Fc gamma RIII by MoAb 3G8 coprecipitated polypeptides that were identified by goat antihuman IgG. Incubation of neutrophils in vitro at 4 degrees C and 37 degrees C showed that Fc gamma RIII was released after 30 minutes of incubation at 37 degrees C. To determine whether there was a correlation between the concentration of soluble Fc gamma RIII in biologic fluids and inflammatory diseases, we measured the concentration of Fc gamma RIII in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and in the synovial fluid from patients with various forms of arthritis. In ARDS, we found concentrations of soluble Fc gamma RIII that were five to seven times higher than that found in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from healthy adults. The concentration of soluble Fc gamma RIII in the synovial fluid from patients with rheumatoid arthritis ranged from 10 nmol/L to 28 mumol/L. These results suggest that activated neutrophils, such as those at sites of inflammation, may release Fc gamma RIII.

Tribological Behavior of Cenosphere-Filled Epoxy Syntactic Foams in Dry Sliding Conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ch. Sri Chaitanya ◽  
R. Narasimha Rao
Keyword(s):  
Wear Debris ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Syntactic Foams ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Surface Examination ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Sliding Distance

Abstract The tribological behavior of the 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% cenosphere-filled epoxy syntactic foams in terms of the wear rate and the friction coefficient of the foams were reported using a pin on disc tribometer in the present study. The influence of the wear parameters like applied pressure, sliding speed, and the sliding distance on the tribological performance of syntactic foams was reported. Syntactic foams with 40% cenosphere volume fraction exhibit better tribological properties over the other syntactic foams. The worn surface examination shows the adhesive dominant wear mechanism and the wear debris with broken cenosphere particles.

Wear of Articular Cartilage: The Effect of Crystals

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hayes ◽  
B Harris ◽  
P A Dieppe ◽  
S E Clift
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Crystal Size ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Normal Cartilage ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
Arthritic Joints

An investigation of the effect of crystals in a lubricant on the wear of articular cartilage in vitro was carried out in order to examine the hypothesis that crystals present in synovial fluid could cause abrasive damage of the articular surface. Plugs of cartilage were worn against a stainless steel counterface in a pin-on-disc wear rig. The concentration of cartilage debris present in the lubricant was assessed by measuring the bound sulphate originating from the glycosaminoglycans by ion chromatography. Results indicated that the presence of crystals in the lubricant significantly increased the concentration of wear debris and that the crystal size and morphology influenced the type of damage sustained by the cartilage. Other experimental evidence suggested that cartilage scratched in vivo was no more susceptible to further in vitro damage in this experimental model than normal cartilage. These results implied that crystals present in the synovial fluid of arthritic joints have the potential to cause excessive wear of the articular surface, but that if such crystals are removed the scratched cartilage may not be susceptible to any further damage by abrasive wear.

scholarly journals The Pharmaceutical Availability of Gambier Leaves Bioactive Fraction Coated Tablet in Simulated Human Body Fluids

2018 ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Indah Sulistyowati ◽  
Nanang Yunarto ◽  
Nurul Aini ◽  
Kelik M Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Dissolution Profile ◽  
Dissolution Medium ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Coated Tablet ◽  
Bioactive Fraction ◽  
The Stability

The widespread usage of traditional medicine either in the developed or developing countries, makes traditional medicine requirements become a major concern in terms of assuring the safety and effectiveness of treatment. WHO suggested dissolution study to support traditional medicine clinical trials. The catechins from Gambier could reduce atherosclerotic lesions case caused by elevated levels of cholesterol, LDL, and triglycerides. Catechin is hygroscopic that becoming unstable. Raising the stability, Gambier is made to a coated tablet. This study aimed to determine the condition of gambier leaves bioactive fraction coated tablet in simulated human body fluids through an in vitro testing using dissolution tester. Three formulations coated tablet with different coating percentage had been tested using dissolution tester apparatus. The test was conducted in water, acid, and buffer as dissolution medium to generate the dissolution profile. Tablet evaluation showed that the three formulations dissolved 71.25% ± 6.26 to 91.05% ±3.05 in the water, acid, and buffer dissolution medium. The gambier leaves bioactive fraction coated tablet had more than 70% pharmaceutical availability in simulated human body fluids.

scholarly journals Optimization of Wear Performance of Electroless Ni-B Coating under Lubrication

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 94-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santanu Duari ◽  
Arkadeb Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Tapan Kumar Barman ◽  
Prasanta Sahoo
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Confirmation Test ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Electroless Ni ◽  
Wear Tests

This paper presents an experimental study on tribological behavior of electroless Ni-B coating under lubricated condition based on Taguchi’s method. Mild steel specimens are used as the substrate material for the deposition of Ni-B coating and the thickness of the deposits is found to be around 35 μm. Based on Taguchi’s L27 orthogonal array of experiments, the wear tests are done on a pin-on-disc type tribotester This experiment is carried out by utilizing the combination of process parameters of the tribotester like normal load, sliding speed and duration of sliding. The analysis of the experimental data is carried out with the help of MINITAB® software package. It is seen that the normal load is the most significant factor followed by sliding time at 99% confidence level. The surface morphology, composition and compound analysis of the coatings are done by means of scanning electron microscope, energy dispersed X-ray micro-analyzer and X-ray diffraction analyzer respectively. Finally, a confirmation test is carried out to validate the analysis.

scholarly journals In Vitro Studies Evaluating Leaching of Mercury from Mine Waste Calcine Using Simulated Human Body Fluids

2010 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 4782-4788 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E. Gray ◽  
Geoffrey S. Plumlee ◽  
Suzette A. Morman ◽  
Pablo L. Higueras ◽  
James G. Crock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Body ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
In Vitro Studies

scholarly journals Lytic Bacteriophages against Mutidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: Development of an Effective Phage-based Approach to Combat Multidrug Resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willames Martins ◽  
Juliana Cino ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
Michael Lenzi ◽  
Kirsty Sands ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Phage Cocktail ◽  
Potential Use

Abstract This study aimed to develop a phage-based approach against Klebsiella pneumoniae sequence type (ST16). Phages were investigated using sewage samples from Brazil, Bangladesh, Saudi Arabia, Thailand and the United Kingdom. After isolation, the bacteriophages were submitted to microbiological, structural and genomic characterisation. The best phages were selected to integrate a phage-cocktail for potential use in humans. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to demonstrate the efficiency of this approach using a collection of 56 clinical strains of K. pneumoniae ST16 with distinct genetic backgrounds. Anti-biofilm activity, synergism with meropenem and activity in human body fluids were also evaluated. Fourteen lytic phages were isolated, belonging to Autographiviridae, Ackermannviridae, Demerecviridae, Drexlerviridae, and Myoviridae families. The viruses demonstrated good activity against our collection of K. pneumoniae ST16 at a different range of temperatures but also against other important Klebsiella clones such as ST11, ST15, and ST258. The cocktail Katrice-16 was highly active in vitro against K. pneumoniae ST16 collection consisting of isolates from several disparate countries. It demonstrated good in vivo activity in the Galleria mellonella model, anti-biofilm and synergic activity with meropenem. In addition, we also showed the Katrice-16 activity in human body fluids. Our results reinforce how effective bacteriophages can be, supporting their capacity for human clinical use to combat prevalent antimicrobial resistance bacterial clones.

Tribological behavior of a newly developed AA2014/waste eggshell/SiC hybrid green metal matrix composite at optimum parameters

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashi Prakash Dwivedi ◽  
Satpal Sharma ◽  
Raghvendra Kumar Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Metal Matrix ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Dry Sliding Wear ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Pin On Disc

AbstractThe effect of waste carbonized eggshell and silicon carbide (SiC) wt.% on the dry sliding wear behavior of AA2014 alloy green composites produced by electromagnetic stir casting method was investigated. The percentage of waste carbonized eggshell particles and SiC particles varied from 2.5% to 12.5%. The tribological behavior of AA2014/waste carbonized eggshell/SiC hybrid green metal matrix composites (MMCs) was investigated on a pin-on-disc apparatus. The weight percentages of waste carbonized eggshell and of SiC, normal load, and sliding speed and distance were taken as input process parameters, and wear rate was taken as a response. Response surface methodology was used to plan and analyze the experiment. Minimum wear rate was found to be 8.89×10−5mm3/m with desirability one at optimum parameters of 1.75 m/s (sliding velocity), 6.5 (carbonized eggshell wt.%), 34.24 N (normal load), 1219.63 m (sliding distance), and 11 wt.% (SiC wt.%). In the confirmation experiment, the experimental wear rate of the hybrid green MMC at optimum parameters was found to be 9.5×10−5. Results showed that the experimental wear rate and density of the hybrid green MMC were reduced by about 36.66% and 0.35%, respectively, compared with the matrix.

Improvement in the mechanical and tribological behavior of epoxy matrix with the inclusion of synthesized Ti3AlC2 MAX particles

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (26-27) ◽  
pp. 3819-3827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rasoul Jamshidi ◽  
Akbar Heidarpour ◽  
Hamed Aghamohammadi ◽  
Reza Eslami-Farsani
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Matrix ◽  
Vickers Microhardness ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Max Phase ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Worn Surface ◽  
Microscopy Images

This study has investigated the mechanical and tribological performance of epoxy composites filled with different contents of Ti3AlC2 MAX phase particles. The Ti3AlC2 particles were synthesized by the mechanical alloying of Ti, Al and C powders. The ultrasonic blending was used for preparing the mixture of Ti3AlC2 and epoxy matrix. The Vickers microhardness and pin on disc tests were carried out to investigate the mechanical and wear properties of samples, respectively. Moreover, the fracture and worn surface of the samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy images. Results showed that the microhardness values were increased due to increasing the content of Ti3AlC2 in the epoxy matrix. In this regard, the highest value of 39.24 Hv was achieved for composites containing 0.75 wt.% Ti3AlC2, which corresponds to the 75.4% improvement in microhardness value, compared to neat epoxy. Moreover, wear results demonstrated that the friction coefficient and wear rate values were decreased by the addition of Ti3AlC2 particles in the epoxy matrix.

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