Resisting a postcolonial construction of historical trauma and healing: Critical discourse analysis of public apologies in Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 089692052110523
Author(s):  
Eunjung Lee ◽  
Marjorie Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Historical Trauma ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Language And Power ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Systemic Violence ◽  
Public Apologies

The contemporary discourse around historical trauma and healing is site for debate and resistance in public spheres. Guided by critical scholars in language and power as well as post-and settler colonialism, this study analyzes texts and contexts of two public apologies in Canada – Chinese head tax, and residential schools for Indigenous children – to examine how historical trauma and healing were understood, and by doing so how the subject and object were re/constructed to maintain or resist social (dis)orders – postcolonial racial orders – in the past and the present of Canada. Findings included: (1) a split and temporal distance between the wrong past and the benevolent present with governments constructing themselves as the good subject reifying a sincere fiction of a liberal, benevolent, and just white-nation; (2) no acknowledgement of the cause of historical trauma, namely colonial governing; (3) ongoing construction of the other racialized population as victims/burdens/lesser citizens to current Canada; and (4) the explicit demand to collective forgetting of the past/historical trauma as current healing and inclusion. We discuss social responsibilities when historical wounds continue to leave injuries and the risk of perpetuating systemic violence to people with whom we currently share the nation all of us call home.

scholarly journals Decolonizing immigration: addressing missing indigenous perspectives in Canadian immigration policies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dmytriw
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Canadian Immigration ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives ◽  
The Impact

Despite the fact that their presence in the country has long pre-dated immigration, Indigenous people’s views on immigration policy and the impact immigration continues to have on them is rarely discussed in modern day Canada. In this Major Research Paper, I investigate whether or not Canadian immigration policies of the past and present may be written and enacted in ways that contribute to the marginalization of the country’s Indigenous population. By conducting a literature review of works that examine and critique immigration policies and practises as well as by performing a critical discourse analysis on the Immigration Act of 1910 and the 2002 Immigration and Refugee Protection Act considering critiques of settler colonialism and perspectives on decolonization, I explore the ways that inequality may be reproduced in an institutional level through immigration policy.

scholarly journals Decolonizing immigration: addressing missing indigenous perspectives in Canadian immigration policies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dmytriw
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Immigration Policies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Refugee Protection ◽  
Canadian Immigration ◽  
Indigenous Perspectives ◽  
The Impact

Despite the fact that their presence in the country has long pre-dated immigration, Indigenous people’s views on immigration policy and the impact immigration continues to have on them is rarely discussed in modern day Canada. In this Major Research Paper, I investigate whether or not Canadian immigration policies of the past and present may be written and enacted in ways that contribute to the marginalization of the country’s Indigenous population. By conducting a literature review of works that examine and critique immigration policies and practises as well as by performing a critical discourse analysis on the Immigration Act of 1910 and the 2002 Immigration and Refugee Protection Act considering critiques of settler colonialism and perspectives on decolonization, I explore the ways that inequality may be reproduced in an institutional level through immigration policy.

Nauczyciel w czasie edukacji zdalnej w polskich tygodnikach opinii. Analiza dyskursu

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-74
Author(s):  
Justyna Dobrołowicz
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Remote Work ◽  
Sociological Perspective ◽  
The Press ◽  
The World ◽  
Communication Activity ◽  
The Subject

The aim of the research presented in this article is to identify the ways in which theopinion-forming press presents teachers and their remote work with students. I assume thatby constructing press statements: mentioning or concealing certain topics, using specificlinguistic forms – journalists influence what readers think about Polish teachers, how theyevaluate their attitude to work and its effects. The problems raised in the research fall withinthe field of pedeutology – a pedagogical subdiscipline examining the teaching profession.Pedeutology helps to understand the specificity of a teacher’s work, analyses its determinants,creates models of professional competences. I have made the subject of my research thepress discourse understood as a communication activity, as a result of which we learn tothink about the world in a certain way. Although the concept of discourse is currently a usefuland popular research category, it still causes many definition difficulties. I am closest tothe sociological perspective of understanding discourse, according to which discourse hasa specific power to create the world, because it provides its participants with ways ofunderstanding reality. Getting to know the press discourse about teachers is thereforea very important matter, the way of writing about this professional group determines howpeople perceive it and how to behave towards it. The method of analysing the 18 presstexts selected for the study is a critical discourse analysis, which was used to answer thefollowing research question: what linguistic means were used in the discourse on teacher’sremote work and what the effects of this discourse may be. In the analysed texts about distance education, mainly expressions with a clearly negative semantic character are used,which in turn leads to discrediting teachers and shapes the belief about the crisis situationin education.

scholarly journals Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s Speech in United Nations’ Security Council (UNSC) on September 22, 1965: Critical Discourse Analysis Perspective

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sibtain Chohan ◽  
Muhammad Nadeem Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Security Council ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
United Nations Security Council ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Study Case

The aim of the study is to analyze Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto’s speech at United Nations’ Security Council on September 22, 1965. The study attempts to uncover the meanings of the words employed to show the core tension of 1965 war between Pakistan and India. There have been different models of CDA presented by scholars like Fairclough, Wodak and Van Dijk, but the most suitable CDA framework for this study case is of Van Dijk. His (1997) framework for critical discourse analysis provides the clear picture of the ideologies expressed in various kinds of structures. Qualitative methodology has been employed for this study and the content of the speech was analyzed qualitatively. The findings of the study elaborate that Bhutto was determined to have a permanent peace in the region. It can also be observed that he was quite confident in buying peace for Pakistani and the neighboring countries. He reinforced the subject matter with multiple instances of the countries that faced the same war-like circumstances and rose again with new zeal and zest. The study has its theoretical as well as practical scope.

scholarly journals Sharing values to safeguard the future: British Holocaust Memorial Day commemoration as epideictic rhetoric

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
John E Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Epideictic Rhetoric ◽  
Social Responsibilities ◽  
Hybrid Combination ◽  
Holocaust Memorial ◽  
Sharing Values ◽  
The Future ◽  
Argumentative Strategies ◽  
Discourse Historical Approach

This article explores the rhetoric, and mass mediation, of the national Holocaust Memorial Day (HMD) commemoration ceremony, as broadcast on British television. I argue that the televised national ceremonies should be approached as an example of multi-genre epideictic rhetoric, working up meanings through a hybrid combination of genres (speeches, poems, readings), author/animators and modes (speech, music, light, movement and silence). Epideictic rhetoric has often been depreciated as simply ceremonial ‘praise or blame’ speeches. However, given that the topics of praise/blame assume the existence of social norms, epideictic also acts to presuppose and evoke common values, in general, and a collective recognition of shared social responsibilities, in particular. My methodology draws on the Discourse-Historical Approach to Critical Discourse Analysis, given, first, its central prominence in analysing argumentative strategies in discourse and, second, the ways it facilitates a reflexive ‘shuttling’ between text-discursive features, intertextual relations and wider contexts of society and history. Here, I examine how a catastrophic past is invoked in speech and evoked through image and music, in response to the demands that uncertainty of the future ‘places upon one’s conscience’.

Redefining realness

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-126
Author(s):  
Stephen Turton
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Neutral Term ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Public Scrutiny ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

Abstract This paper furthers the goal of “queering lexicography” (Nossem 2018) by proposing a theoretical approach to analysing dictionary definitions that replaces the traditional descriptive/prescriptive binary with a model of normativity influenced by performativity theory. This is demonstrated by a critical discourse analysis of how entries for lesbian, gay, and homosexual in four contemporary English dictionaries tacitly position homosexual as a neutral term against which lesbian and gay are sociolinguistically marked. The paper also stresses the need for researchers not only to analyse how normativity is embedded in dictionaries, but to recognize the extent to which lay dictionary-users are already aware of the normative potential of lexicography, whether they embrace it or condemn it. This is explored through an incident in which Merriam-Webster’s addition of the word genderqueer to its online dictionary in 2016 became the subject of public scrutiny and contestation on social media.

American Vogue and Sustainable Fashion (1990–2015): A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-118
Author(s):  
Katie Baker Jones
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Product Features ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Sustainable Fashion ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Discourse Historical Approach ◽  
Over Time

Discursive practices employed by American Vogue to recontextualize sustainable fashion between 1990 and 2015 were explored through the lens of a discourse-historical approach and multimodal critical discourse analysis. References to sustainably minded values and actions were found throughout the 26 years studied with notable peaks and valleys in coverage that, at times, contradicted changing social interest in the subject. Over time, Vogue recontextualized sustainable fashion discourses and encouraged a passive revolution by moving from a contentious positioning of either/or sustainable fashion to one that embraced a both/and positionality by narrowing focus to lifestyle and product features. Additionally, Vogue celebrated social actors engaged in sustainable behaviors though these were increasingly positioned as lifestyle choices rather than revolutionary collective action. Vogue continuously recontextualized the sustainable fashion discourse as “new” and desirable while neutralizing most negative considerations of fashion consumption through a variety of articulations and by drawing on well-established semiotic resources.

‘It all started here, and it all ends here too’: Homosexual criminalisation and the queer politics of apology

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 590-603
Author(s):  
Curtis Redd ◽  
Emma K Russell
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
New Politics ◽  
Conventional View ◽  
The Past ◽  
Australian State ◽  
The World ◽  
Queer Politics ◽  
To Come

In recent years, we have witnessed a tide of government apologies for historic laws criminalising homosexuality. Complicating a conventional view of state apologies as a progressive effort to come to terms with past mistakes, queer theoretical frameworks help to elucidate the power effects and self-serving nature of the new politics of regret. We argue that through the discourse of gay apology, the state extolls pride in its present identity by expressing shame for its ‘homophobic past’. In doing so, it discounts the possibility that systemic homophobia persists in the present. Through a critical discourse analysis of the ‘world first’ gay apology from the parliament of the Australian state of Victoria in 2016, we identify five key themes: the inexplicability of the past, the individualisation of homophobia, the construction of a ‘post-homophobic’ society, the transformation of shame into state pride and subsuming the ‘unhappy queer’ through the expectation of forgiveness.

Știrile false: limite și perspective ale analizei lingvistice

Transilvania ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 72-77
Author(s):  
Anca-Simina Martin ◽  
Simina-Maria Terian
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Critical Discussion ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Processing Techniques

This article sets out to offer an overview and a review of the latest linguistic research into fake news. To this end, the authors put forward a critical discussion of the paradigms and instruments deployed over the past decade to analyze and identify this textual (micro)genre, from natural language processing techniques to critical discourse analysis. The conclusion of our study is that a proper understanding of the fake news phenomenon can only be achieved by bringing together qualitative and quantitative methods.

PERAN MAJAS SARKASME DAN NILAI PENDIDIKAN KARAKTER DALAM PUISI MENCARI TANAH LAPANG KARYA WIJI THUKUL DAN RELEVANSINYA DENGAN PENGAJARAN SASTRA DI PERGURUAN TINGGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Andromeda Nova Hartavi ◽  
Sarwiji Suwandi ◽  
Sri Hastuti
Keyword(s):  
Character Education ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Document Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Program ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
The Subject

<em>This research aims to describe and explain the role of sarcasm, the value of character education in the collection of poetry Mencari Tanah Lapang by Wiji Thukul, and the relevance the role of sarcasm and the value of character education in the collection of poetry Mencari Tanah Lapang by Wiji Thukul on the teaching of literature in universities. Technique of subject sampling is purposive sampling. Data collection techniques used are document analysis and interviews. The validity of data in this study is done by using critical discourse analysis techniques. The results of this research are: (1) there are 62 sarcasm in the collection of poetry Mencari Tanah Lapang that serve as satirical of rules, satire of politics, satire of development, satire of education, satire of social inequality, and satire world health; (2)  the value of character education contained in the collection of poetry Mencari Tanah Lapang is religious values, honesty, tolerance, hard work, democracy, reading, and social care;(3) the role of sarcasm majors and the value of character education contained in the collection of poetry Mencari Tanah Lapang can be used as a literary teaching material with the subject of poetry in the study program of Indonesian literature.</em>

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