Self-Reported Functional Status Among the Old-Old

Objectives: To examine differences in functional status among two successive cohorts. Method: The study was a comparative analysis of Jewish respondents aged 75 to 94 from two nationwide random samples: the Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Aging Study (1989-1992; N = 1,200) and the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (2005-2006; N = 379). Self-reported functional limitation and disability were compared by means of logistic regressions and MANCOVA, controlling for age, gender, origin, education, marital status, income, self-rated health, and home care receipt. Results: Reported functional limitation decreased in the later cohort (SHARE-Israel), but activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) disability increased. Receipt of home care moderated these effects. ADL and IADL disability increased among home care–receiving respondents in the later cohort whereas functional limitation decreased among respondents not in receipt of home care. Discussion: The findings suggest that different measures used to assess the disablement process capture different aspects and that contextual factors influence how older people rate their own functional capacity.

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Social isolation, loneliness and functional disability in Chinese older women and men: a longitudinal study

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afaa271 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lizhi Guo ◽

Li An ◽

Fengping Luo ◽

Bin Yu

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Functional Status ◽

Social Isolation ◽

Daily Living ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Iadl Disability ◽

Older Populations ◽

New Onset

Abstract Objective This study investigated whether loneliness or social isolation is associated with the onset of functional disability over 4 years among Chinese older populations. Setting and Subjects This study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Functional status was assessed by activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL). Analyses were conducted with data from two waves (2011 and 2015) and were restricted to those respondents aged 50 and older and free of functional disability at baseline [n = 5,154, mean age (SD) = 60.72 (7.51); male, 52.3%]. Method Social isolation, loneliness and covariates were measured at baseline. Follow-up measures of new-onset ADL and IADL disability were obtained 4 years later. We stratified the sample by gender, and then used binary logistic regressions to evaluate the associations between baseline isolation, loneliness and new-onset ADL and IADL disability. Results For women, baseline social isolation was significantly associated with new-onset ADL (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.07–1.30) and IADL (OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.01–1.21) disability; no significant association between loneliness and ADL or IADL disability was found. For men, neither social isolation nor loneliness was found to be significantly associated with ADL or IADL disability. Conclusion This longitudinal study found that social isolation, rather than loneliness, was significantly associated with functional disability over 4 years among women (but not men) in China. These findings expand our knowledge about the association between social relationships and functional status among non-Western populations.

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Fresh and Lean Pork Intake in Relation to Functional Limitations Among U.S. Older Adults, 2005–2016 (P18-002-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz039.p18-002-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ruopeng An ◽

Sharon Nickols-Richardson ◽

Reginald Alston ◽

Sa Shen ◽

Caitlin Clarke

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Measurement Errors ◽

Daily Living ◽

Functional Limitations ◽

Functional Limitation ◽

Preliminary Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pork Consumption ◽

Lean Pork

Abstract Objectives This study assessed fresh and lean pork intake in relation to functional limitations among U.S. older adults 65 years and older. Methods Nationally-representative sample (N = 27,117) from 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Logistic regressions were performed to estimate the odds ratios of activities of daily living limitation (ADLs), instrumental activities of daily living limitation (IADLs), leisure and social activities limitation (LSAs), lower extremity mobility limitation (LEM), general physical activities limitation (GPAs), and any functional limitation with respect to daily pork, fresh pork, and fresh lean pork consumption, adjusting for individual charteristics including sex, age, race/ethnicity, education, marital status, obesity, smoking, self-rated health, chronic conditions, and survey wave. Results Approximately 21%, 18%, and 16% of older adults consumed pork, fresh pork, and fresh lean pork, respectively. The rates of ADL, IADLs, LSAs, LEM, GPAs, and any functional limitations were 22%, 32%, 23%, 22%, 66%, and 70% among NHANES older adults, respectively. A daily increase in pork consumption by 1 ounce-equivalent was associated with a reduction in the odds of ADLs by 12% (OR = 0.88; 95% CI = 0.78, 0.98), IADLs by 10% (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.82, 0.99), and any functional limitation by 7% (OR = 0.93, 95% CI = 0.86, 0.99). A daily increase in fresh pork consumption by 1 ounce-equivalent was associated with a reduction in the odds of ADLs by 13% (OR = 0.87; 95% CI = 0.78, 0.97), IADLs by 10% (OR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.82, 0.99), GPAs by 8% (OR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.85, 0.99), and any functional limitation by 8% (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.85, 0.99). Similar effects were found for fresh lean pork consumption on ADLs, IADLs, GPAs, and any functional limitation. No association between pork consumption and LSAs or LEM was identified. Conclusions This study found some preliminary evidence linking fresh and fresh lean pork consumption to reduced risk of functional limitations. This study has limitations pertaining to measurement errors and cross-sectional study design. Future studies with longitudinal/experimental designs are warranted to examine the influence of fresh and lean pork consumption on functional limitations among older adults. Funding Sources National Pork Board.

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Ankle-Brachial Index Is a Predictor of In-Hospital Functional Status but Not of Complications in Hospitalized Elderly Patients

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000514450 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 67 (6) ◽

pp. 674-680

Author(s):

Alessandro Maloberti ◽

Francesco Fribbi ◽

Elena Motto ◽

Paola Vallerio ◽

Lucia Occhi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Functional Status ◽

Daily Living ◽

Ankle Brachial Index ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Continuous Exposure ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hospitalization Period ◽

The Brain

Introduction: Atherosclerosis causes a chronic reduction of vascularization with consequent impairment of the performance of organs, like the brain or muscles, which determines the functional and cognitive decline of the elderly and their ability to respond to acute stressful condition. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate if ankle brachial index (ABI) could effectively be a determinant of in-hospital functional status and complications in elderly hospitalized patients. Methods: This is a monocentric cross-sectional study of 189 patients aged 65 years or older. The study was undertaken at the Internal Medicine ward of Niguarda Hospital in Milan. ABI (BOSO ABY-System 100) and in-hospital status (activities of daily living, ADL and instrumental activities of daily living, IADL) were collected on the second day of hospitalization. Complications (falls and delirium episodes) were also recorded during the whole hospitalization period. Results: The average age of patients was 79.3 ± 6.9 years. Among outcomes, only ADL (r = 0.192, p = 0.007) and IADL score (r = 0.200, p = 0.005) showed significant correlation with ABI. Moreover, during the subsequent logistic regression, ABI remained among the statistically significant determinants of both scores (β = 0.231, p = 0.013 and β = 0.314, p = 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: The main result of our study is the finding of ABI as a significant determinant of acute in-hospital functional impairment (evaluated as ADL and IADL scores). The continuous exposure of the brain and muscles to the reduced perfusions induced by vascular atherosclerosis, probably determined the reduced ability to respond to stressful conditions.

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Nutritional status, physical performance and functional capacity in an elderly population in southern Brazil

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.60.03.0013 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 242-248 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Ana Lúcia Danielewicz ◽

Aline Rodrigues Barbosa ◽

Giovâni Firpo Del Duca

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Living Arrangements ◽

Daily Living ◽

Elderly Population ◽

Functional Limitation ◽

Positive Association ◽

The Elderly ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Cross Sectional

Objective: to investigate the association between nutritional status and functional limitation and disability in an elderly population in southern Brazil. Methods: epidemiological, cross-sectional household-based study carried out with 477 elderly of both sexes (60 to 100 years). Body mass index (BMI) served to assess the nutritional status: underweight (BMI < 22 kg/m2) and overweight (BMI > 27 kg/m2). The sum score (0-5) obtained in three tests: "chair stand" and "pick up a pen" (measured by time) and standing balance (four static measurements) assessed the functional limitation. The disability was evaluated by the difficulty in performing one or more self-reported tasks related to basic activities of daily living (ADLs) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs). Crude and adjusted analyzes (3 models) were carried out using Poisson regression; prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Results: crude analyzes showed a positive association between underweight and functional limitation (PR = 2.71, 95% CI = 1.63 to 4.51); overweight and disability in ADLs (PR = 2.20, CI 95% = 1.44 to 3.35); overweight and disability in IADLs (PR = 1.56, CI 95% = 1.20 to 2.03). The additional adjustments for gender, age, level of education, living arrangements, current work, cognitive function and number of morbidities reduced the strength of the associations, without changing the statistical strength. Conclusion: nutritional status is a factor that is independently and positively associated with functional limitation and disability. We recommend the use of this indicator to monitor the health of the elderly.

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Physical activity, sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults: A cross-sectional path analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0246275 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. e0246275

Author(s):

Cíntia Aparecida Garcia Meneguci ◽

Joilson Meneguci ◽

Jeffer Eidi Sasaki ◽

Sheilla Tribess ◽

Jair Sindra Virtuoso Júnior

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Daily Living ◽

International Classification Of Functioning ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Iadl Disability ◽

Health Model

Disability is negatively associated with the health of older adults, and it can be mediated by healthy lifestyles and behaviors throughout one’s life. In this context, understanding the interrelationships between sedentary behavior, physical activity and functionality may assist in the implementation of effective public health actions. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between both physical activity and sedentary behavior and functionality in older adults and the possible mediators. The variables analyzed were selected according to the content analysis of International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health model, and included activity, participation, health conditions, body functions and structures, environmental factors and personal factors. 419 individuals participated in the study. Physical activity was directly associated with disability in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), and the association was mediated by self-esteem, aerobic endurance, and agility/balance. Sedentary behavior was indirectly associated with IADL disability, and the association was mediated by aerobic resistance, nutritional status, and agility/balance. Regarding the basic activities of daily living (BADL), physical activity showed an indirect association mediated by aerobic resistance and IADL. The association of sedentary behavior with BADL was mediated by aerobic resistance and lower limb flexibility. These results reinforce the idea that functionality is multidimensional, and the mediating factors must be considered when strategies for promoting physical activity and reducing sedentary behavior are designed.

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FRESH AND LEAN BEEF INTAKE IN RELATION TO FUNCTIONAL LIMITATIONS AMONG U.S. OLDER ADULTS, 2005-2016

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.1766 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S474-S474

Author(s):

Ruopeng An ◽

Sharon Nickols-Richardson ◽

Reginald Alston ◽

Sa Shen ◽

Caitlin Clarke

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Measurement Errors ◽

Daily Living ◽

Sodium Intake ◽

Functional Limitations ◽

Functional Limitation ◽

Functional Health ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Lean Beef

Abstract Beef is a key component in the American diet. This study assessed fresh and fresh lean beef intake in relation to functional limitations among U.S. older adults 65 years and older. Logistic regressions were performed on individual-level 24-hour dietary recall and health indicator data (N=6,135) retrieved from 2005–2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Approximately 51%, 14%, and 9% of older adults consumed beef, fresh beef, and fresh lean beef, respectively. Daily increase in fresh beef consumption by 1 ounce-equivalent was associated with a reduction in the odds of lower extremity mobility limitation (LEM) by 16% (95% confidence interval=4%–27%), general physical activities limitation by 13% (1%–24%), and any functional limitation by 14% (2%–24%). Daily increase in fresh lean beef consumption by 1 ounce-equivalent was associated with a reduction in the odds of LEM by 22% (7%–34%) and any functional limitation by 15% (1%–28%). No association with activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, or leisure and social activities limitations was identified. In conclusion, preliminary evidence links fresh and fresh lean beef consumption to reduced functional limitation risk. Older beef consumers are encouraged to modestly increase their intakes of fresh and lean beef, rather than total beef, to maximize attributes of functional health associated with beef consumption while concurrently avoiding additional saturated fat and sodium intake. Limitations of this study include measurement errors and cross-sectional study design. Future studies with longitudinal/experimental design are warranted to examine the influence of fresh/lean beef consumption on functional limitations among older adults.

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Hand's Functional Status of Children with Rheumatoid Arthritis in Everyday Activities: A Cross-Sectional Study

Esculapio ◽

10.51273/esc21.251712 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14

Author(s):

Hafiza Ayesha Ikram ◽

Wajeeha Abdul Ahad ◽

Fazila Huma

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Functional Status ◽

Daily Living ◽

Hand Function ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Daily Life Activities ◽

Everyday Activities

Objective: Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA] is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune disease on an unknown aetiology. It leads to the progressive destruction of joints. It also warrants difficulties in performance of Activities of Daily Living(ADL). This study aimed at determine relationship between activities of daily living [ADL] and functional status of the hand. Methods: This Crossectional Study was conducted at Romatology Department Children Hospital and Sheikh Zayed Hospital Lahore from June 2018 to December 2018. Convenient sampling technique helped in the collection of data. A hand function questionnaire and the Barthel Index were the contributary data collection methods. Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA] patients selected were those experiencing functional impairment in hands, having difficulty in performing ADL. Results: The patients who were able to perform the hand function test were independent in their daily life activities. Whereas, those who were not able to perk the test were dependent on their daily life activities. Conclusion: It was found that children with RA had a significant association between performing the ADL and functional status of hand. Key Words: Activities of Daily Living [ADL], Rheumatoid Arthritis [RA] How to cite: Ikram A.H., Ahad A.W., Huma Fazlia. Hand's functional status of children with rheumatoid arthritis in everyday activities: a cross-sectional study Esculapio. 2021.17(01): 9-14

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Serum Albumin and Activities of Daily Living in Chinese Centenarians: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.2.13830/v1 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ke Han ◽

Shengshu Wang ◽

Wangping Jia ◽

Wenzhe Cao ◽

Miao Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Albumin ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Daily Living ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Albumin Concentration ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Iadl Disability

Abstract Background Objective deterioration in activities of daily living (ADL) exists in older people, particularly grows with age. While as the criterion standard of positive aging and longevity, little information that focuses on centenarians is available. The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between serum albumin and activities of daily living among centenarians in long-lived areas.Methods design—population-based cross-sectional study; setting—a complete sample study in Hainan, the longest-lived areas of China; subjects—Chinese older adults aged 100 and above (N=1002); measurements—serum albumin, basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL).Results Of 1002 participants included in the analysis 287(28.64%) were BADL disability, and 648(64.67%) were IADL disability. The median serum albumin level was 38.5 g/L (interquartile range, 36.2-41.3). In multivariable analyses controlling for socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle characteristics and other influential factors, low albumin in the bottom quartile were associated with BADL disability (OR=5.994;95% CI: 3.542-10.143) and IADL disability (OR=4.398; 95% CI, 2.661-7.269). Serum albumin concentration showed a significant inverse linear relationship with ADL disability (P for trend <0.001). In sex-stratified analyses, the association was more pronounced in women. And we found a nonlinear relationship between serum albumin and IADL disability in female centenarians (P=0.025) from restricted cubic splines.Conclusions Low levels of albumin were associated with the decline in ADL function in centenarians, and this association was gender-specific and more prominent in the female.

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Determinants of ADL and IADL disability in older adults in southeastern Poland

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-019-1319-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Agnieszka Ćwirlej-Sozańska ◽

Agnieszka Wiśniowska-Szurlej ◽

Anna Wilmowska-Pietruszyńska ◽

Bernard Sozański

Keyword(s):

Older People ◽

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Daily Living ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Katz Index ◽

Modifiable Factors ◽

Iadl Disability

Abstract Background The extension of the life span has led to an increase in the number of older people and an increase in the prevalence of disability in people over 60 years of age. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ADL and IADL disability and to analyze its determinants among people aged 60 and older living in southeastern Poland. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out among a randomly selected, representative population of people aged 60 and older living in southeastern Poland. Disability was assessed using the Katz Index of Independence in Basic Activities of Daily Living and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. Logistic regression models were used to identify the factors related to ADLs and IADLs. For the variables that were included in the above models, their clustered influence on the increase in the odds ratio for the occurrence of an ADL or IADL limitation was also examined. Results The research results show that 35.75% of the participants reported at least one problem with IADLs. At least one problem with ADLs was reported by 17.13% of the participants. The most significant modifiable factors influencing the occurrence of disability were the presence of barriers in the participant’s environment, poor relations with relatives, a lack of social contacts, multimorbidity and pain. A multiple increase in the odds ratio of disability was found with the presence of pairs of analyzed factors. The highest odds ratio of at least one ADL limitation was observed for the combination of barriers in the participant’s environment with multimorbidity (OR 74.07). With regard to IADL disability, the highest odds ratio was observed for the combination of pain on the VAS scale ≥3 points with older age (OR 19.47). Conclusions The study showed a high prevalence of ADL and IADL disability in older people living in southeastern Poland. It also indicated the extent to which modifiable factors influenced the occurrence of disability and the extent to which the risk of disability increased with the presence of pairs of factors, especially those that included environmental barriers in the participant’s environment.

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Screening intrinsic capacity and its epidemiological characterization: a secondary analysis of the Mexican Health and Aging Study

Revista Panamericana de Salud Pública ◽

10.26633/rpsp.2021.121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Luis Miguel Gutiérrez-Robledo ◽

Rosa Estela García-Chanes ◽

Mario Ulises Pérez-Zepeda

Keyword(s):

Activities Of Daily Living ◽

Chronic Diseases ◽

Daily Living ◽

Secondary Analysis ◽

Individual Characteristics ◽

Multinomial Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Rated Health ◽

Aging Study ◽

Intrinsic Capacity

Objective. To describe the levels of intrinsic capacity and those factors related to its decline in Mexican older adults, using the Mexican Health and Aging Study. Methods. This is a cross-sectional secondary analysis of the 2015 data of the Mexican Health and Aging Study, including adults aged 50 years and above. Selected questions were included to represent each domain of intrinsic capacity screening: cognition, depression, hearing, vision, anorexia, weight loss, and mobility. Sociodemographic characteristics, psychosocial factors, and health conditions were included to assess their association with intrinsic capacity. Further categories were established to assess not only individual characteristics but also different groupings. Along with descriptive statistics, multinomial regression models were performed. Results. From a total of 12 459 adults aged 50 years and above, 54.7% were women and the average age was 71.2 years; 87.8% of the individuals had at least one intrinsic capacity domain affected, and mobility had the highest frequency (47.6%). All domains showed a trend of increasing with age and were higher among women. Self-rated health, chronic diseases, number of visits to a physician in the last year, and ≥2 affected activities of daily living were consistently associated with more intrinsic capacity domains affected. Conclusions. Decreased levels of intrinsic capacity in Mexican older people are associated with less schooling, self-rated health, chronic diseases, visits to a physician, and activities of daily living.

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