Information work of hospital librarians: Making the invisible visible

2021 ◽  
pp. 096100062110632
Author(s):  
Fredrik Hanell ◽  
Sara Ahlryd
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Information Work ◽  
Work Done

The aim of this paper is to explore and to make visible how the information work of hospital librarians is enacted in key practices where services of the hospital library are employed to support evidence-based practice. The empirical material was produced at three hospital libraries in three different regions in Sweden between January and March 2020. A practice-oriented approach using the theoretical lens information work is employed to analyze nine semi-structured interviews with hospital librarians and hospital library managers, together with field notes from observations of interactions between hospital librarians and healthcare practitioners. The analysis investigates the conditions for information work performed by hospital librarians as they participate in three key practices: clinical practices, information seeking practices, and HTA-practices. The results of the analysis are related to four categories of invisible information work, and the nature of the information work done to counter different types of invisibilities within the key practices is discussed. The findings suggest that a substantial amount of the information work of hospital librarians is invisible to clinicians. At the same time, considerable efforts are made by hospital librarians to counter different types of invisibility, for example through building relationships with healthcare staff and to develop and make specialized competencies visible. In particular, the importance assigned to evidence-based practice in healthcare allows for the librarians to be regarded by clinicians as legitimate partners with clearly defined competencies in specific situations.

Evidence-Based Practice & Practice-Based Evidence Applied to Adult, Medical Speech-Language Pathology

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rik Lemoncello ◽  
Bryan Ness
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Randomized Controlled Clinical Trials ◽  
Relative Paucity ◽  
Language Pathology

In this paper, we review concepts of evidence-based practice (EBP), and provide a discussion of the current limitations of EBP in terms of a relative paucity of efficacy evidence and the limitations of applying findings from randomized controlled clinical trials to individual clinical decisions. We will offer a complementary model of practice-based evidence (PBE) to encourage clinical scientists to design, implement, and evaluate our own clinical practices with high-quality evidence. We will describe two models for conducting PBE: the multiple baseline single-case experimental design and a clinical case study enhanced with generalization and control data probes. Gathering, analyzing, and sharing high-quality data can offer additional support through PBE to support EBP in speech-language pathology. It is our hope that these EBP and PBE strategies will empower clinical scientists to persevere in the quest for best practices.

Viewpoint

1978 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 2-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Cheetham
Keyword(s):  
Information Seeking ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Open Approach ◽  
Stock Selection ◽  
Recent Conference ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Minor Part ◽  
Information Work ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Work Done

At the recent conference on ‘user education’ it struck me that there was a tendency in librarianship as a whole to see courses of instruction in isolation and to look upon this work done by the librarian as the sole teaching that he or she does. I come from an average Polytechnic and run fairly conventional, even orthodox, formal courses on library use linked with a rather bureaucratic compulsory library tutoring system for dissertations.Seen in isolation such courses can be given an exaggerated importance when they are, in fact, only a minor part of the process. Supporting and acting as a vital example to such tuition is everything from an initial orientation tour through to information work, to literature guides, to stock selection and relegation policies, indeed the whole library. The long term objective of a Polytechnic Library must be about introducing and promoting an ‘eyes open’ approach to information-seeking in the real world beyond the educational institution. The question that should be asked is, “Is the Polytechnic Library as a whole conceived in such a way as to be as relevant as possible to its prime objective of educating its users — or is it there because-it is there?”

scholarly journals Formulating Answerable Questions: Question Negotiation in Evidence-based Practice

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorie Kloda ◽  
Joan C. Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Literature Discussion ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Different Types

Objective: This review explores the different question formulation structures proposed in the literature that may be helpful to librarians for conducting the reference interview and for teaching students and clinicians. Method: We present and compare several known question formulation structures identified in the health and social sciences literature. Discussion: Health and social care professionals should be made aware of the plurality of question formulation structures and their applicability to different fields of practice, as well as their utility for different types of questions within a field of practice.

Factors influencing evidence-based practice in prosthetics and orthotics

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Andrysek ◽  
James Christensen ◽  
Annie Dupuis
Keyword(s):  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Barriers And Facilitators ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Principal Component Factor Analysis ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relevant Evidence

Background: The importance of evidence-based practice is being recognized across a broad range of healthcare disciplines as a means for improving patient outcomes and also efficiently managing healthcare resources.Objective: The objective of this work was to obtain information from clinicians about the underlying barriers and facilitators relating to evidence-based practice in prosthetics and orthotics.Study design: Cross sectional survey.Methods: An internet survey was developed and distributed to 300 prosthetists and orthotists currently practicing in Canada.Results: A principal component factor analysis of the survey results revealed ten primary factors affecting evidence-based practice. These include time constraints, workload and system demands, limited relevant evidence from research, and gaps in skills and knowledge required to perform evidence-based practice.Conclusions: Clinicians value research as a means of improving clinical practice, but they are faced with a number of practical barriers in performing evidence-based practice.Clinical relevanceThis study provides empirical data about the underlying barriers and facilitators relating to evidence-based practice in prosthetics and orthotics. Such data are essential in order to inform those involved in improving existing clinical practices, including educators, professional organizations, and governing bodies.

scholarly journals Evidence-based practice self-efficacy of speech-language pathologists across settings

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Misty Tilmon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Graduate Program ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Master's Level ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this mixed-methods sequential explanatory study was to explore self-efficacy of speech-language pathologists (SLPs) employed in various settings. Self-efficacy of master's level SLPs was compared across settings to determine if differences existed in each of four experience groups. Self-efficacy ratings were also compared based on degree held, area of practice, and years of experience. Participants (n = 342) completed a survey containing 10 demographic questions, 11 items from Salbach and Jaglal's (2010) Evidence-Based Practice Confidence (EPIC) scale, and 2 open-ended questions regarding factors impacting self-efficacy. Participants (n=34) completed semi structured interviews to further explore factors influencing self-efficacy. No significant difference was noted in self-efficacy of master's level SLPs among settings. There was a significant difference between self-efficacy ratings based on degree held and years of experience. A significant difference in self-efficacy was found based on practice category (i.e., identification of knowledge gap, critical appraisal of research, development of treatment plans based on evidence, clinical judgment, and client preferences). Qualitative analysis revealed graduate program and post-graduate factors which impacted self efficacy ratings both positively and negatively.

scholarly journals Measuring evidence-based practice in physical therapy: a mix-methods study

PeerJ ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12666
Author(s):  
Ricardo M. Ferreira ◽  
Pedro N. Martins ◽  
Nuno Pimenta ◽  
Rui S. Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Physical Therapists ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
And Behaviors

Background Evidence-based practice (EBP) is considered the “holy grail” to manage patients by health practitioners (such as physical therapists). However, sometimes, patients are not treated with the best interventions for their condition. Although studies already explored the facilitators and barriers for this issue, they increase in the level of importance if the information gathered are context appropriated. As the profession is relatively new in Portugal, currently little is known about the implementation of EBP in Portuguese physical therapists context. So, the aim of this study is to know if the Portuguese physical therapists use an EBP, and collect and deeper understand the factors, barriers and facilitators associated with EBP. Methods This study incorporated a mixed-methods design (quantitative and qualitative). In an attempt to ensure the correct population sample, a national professional association e-mail database and the e-mails of past students from national schools were requested. For the quantitative data it was choose an e-survey, adapted from the EBP: Beliefs, Attitudes, Knowledge, and Behaviors of Physical Therapists Portuguese version questionnaire, consisted of 55 close-ended questions. It was analyzed response frequencies and associations between variables with logistic regression analyses. For the qualitative data, it was choose to perform semi-structured interviews in purposefully selected physical therapists to include different sociodemographic factors (especially those found to be statistically significant in the logistic regression) and survey responses regarding the physical therapists’ beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors. The interviews were performed in an online software, where only audio contact was performed. The audios were anonymized and verbatim transcribed, and the texts explored by the thematic approach. Results From the 277 physical therapists that shown interest in participating in the study, 193 fully completed the questionnaire and, from those, 10 participated in the interviews. The Portuguese physical therapists reported positive beliefs, attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors regarding EBP. Among the physical therapists characteristics it seems that age (younger therapists), education (participating in continuing education courses; belonging to practice-orientated organizations; having a doctorate degree; pursuing a higher academic degree; and being a clinical instructor), and workplace (working for someone else account; and academic sector) are the main factors in the Portuguese EBP implementation. The Portuguese physical therapists, beyond the physical therapists individual characteristics and workplace, also stated that evidence, patients, clinical experience, schools, country and physical therapy characteristics, may behave as facilitators or barriers when performing an EBP.

scholarly journals An exploration of the factors that impact on clinical practices of Nurses in applying evidence-based practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-41
Author(s):  
Fathimath Shifaza ◽  
Mohammad Hamiduzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Best Practice ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
The World ◽  
Belief Scale ◽  
Ebp Implementation ◽  
Descriptive Survey

While healthcare institutions around the world strive to adopt evidence-based practice (EBP) as the new standard in best practice, the nursing profession still faces multiple barriers and limitations in implementation. The aim of this paper is to present the analysis of EBP from the perspective of nurses working within two major South Australian hospitals, assessing their implementation and beliefs and exploring avenues for further research-based upon their feedback. A descriptive survey using the EBP beliefs (EBP-b) and the EBP implementation (EBP-I) scales were developed by Melnyk and Fineout-Overholt. Nurses scored high in the EBP belief scale reflecting significant positive readiness towards EBP. A positive correlation was observed between EBP beliefs and implementation, yet implementation rates were very low. More research is needed to explore the reasons why implementation rates are so low amongst practising nurses to understand and address the root of this problem. Based on the evidence it appears that more research is needed to explore the reasons why implementation rates are so low amongst practising nurses to understand and address the root of this problem.

scholarly journals Barriers of Implementing Evidence-Based Practice Perceived by Iranian Speech and Language Pathologists: A Qualitative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Abolfazl Tohidast ◽  
Leila Ghelichi ◽  
Mohammad Kamali ◽  
Abbas Ebadi ◽  
Narges Shafaroodi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Organizational Factors ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Rehabilitation Team ◽  
Speech And Language Pathologists

Background: Identifying and removing the barriers faced by speech and language pathologists (SLPs) for implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) can facilitate its administration among Iranian SLPs. Objectives: The present study was conducted to explore the barriers to implementing EBP among Iranian SLPs. Methods: A total of 14 SLPs were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for data collection. The interviews continued until data saturation was reached. Data were recorded and transcribed verbatim, and qualitative content analysis was used for data analysis. Results: Data analysis yielded three themes, including individual factors, organizational (workplace) factors, and extra organizational factors, and 13 subthemes. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that Iranian SLPs are faced with several barriers to using EBP in clinical practice, which may be related to both the SLPs themselves and their surroundings. These barriers should be considered by policymakers, administrators, teachers, and rehabilitation team members to facilitate the implementation of EBP by SLPs.

scholarly journals Physiotherapists’ perceptions of challenges facing evidence-based practice and the importance of environmental empowerment in fall prevention in the municipality – a qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Worum ◽  
Daniela Lillekroken ◽  
Kirsti Skavberg Roaldsen ◽  
Birgitte Ahlsen ◽  
Astrid Bergland
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Organisational Routines ◽  
Transfer Of Information

Abstract Background Falls in older adults are an increasingly important public-health concern. Despite abundant research, fall rates have not been reduced, because implementation of evidence-based fall-prevention measures has been slow and limited. This study aims to explore physiotherapists’ perceptions on external factors, such as public policy, organisation and leadership, regarding the relation between knowledge translation and the three elements of evidence-based practice (EBP) to effectively address barriers and facilitate the uptake of EBP in fall prevention. Methods We conducted semi-structured interviews with 18 physiotherapists (men = 7; women = 11) working with fall prevention in the primary healthcare system. The physiotherapists ranged in age from 27 to 60 years (median 36 years) and had worked as a physiotherapist from 1 to 36 years (median 7 years). Data are analysed using thematic analysis. Results The analysis revealed one main theme and four sub-themes. The main theme was ‘Environmental empowerment enhances physiotherapists’ capabilities for using EBP’. A resourceful work environment facilitates EBP, having access to information about research-based knowledge, supportive leadership, enough human resources and opportunities to learn and grow at work. The four sub-themes were as follows: 1) ‘Tension between attributes of research-based knowledge and organisational routines and practices’; 2) ‘Evidence must be informed by policymakers—What works?’; 3) ‘Empowering culture and work environment—A steppingstone to EBP’ and 4) ‘Organisation readiness for EBP, managerial and clinical relations’. Success in environmental empowerment depends on the leader’s role in creating preconditions at the workplace that may lead to important positive personal and organisational outcomes for EBP. Two-way communication and transfer-of-information are also key factors in the development of positive work engagement when using EBP. Conclusion The findings of this study outline tension between policy, leadership, organisational facilitators and EBP. Leadership is influenced by policy with ripple effects for the organisation and clinicians. Organisational facilitators form structural empowerment, which is the foundation for creating an EBP environment. Trial registration 2018/2227/REC south-east C. Registered 19 December 2018, Norwegian Ethics Committee for Medical and Health Research Ethics.

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