Psychological Resilience and Posttraumatic Growth: An Exploratory Analysis

Background: Epidemiological studies indicate that a majority of the U.S. population has been exposed to at least one traumatic event in their lives. In addition, resilience has become a variable of increasing interest in both society and the field of experiential education (EE). Purpose: In this study, the relationship between psychological resilience, posttraumatic growth (PTG), and participation in EE activities is examined. Methodology/Approach: To measure semester-long changes in resilience, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale was used at the beginning and end of an EE program and four different comparison groups. Using the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI) and focusing on a 3-week portion of that EE program, PTG was measured using a pre/post format. Findings/Conclusions: Results indicated that EE programming is effective at building resilience but less so for PTG. In addition, no significant differences were noted between females and males on the PTGI scale. Implications: The results of this exploratory study increase our understanding of what psychological changes occur during a semester-long adventure-based EE curriculum with a 3-week high-intensity experience embedded in the program.

Download Full-text

Posttraumatic Growth and Spirituality in Mothers of Children with Pediatric Cancer

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18062890 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (6) ◽

pp. 2890

Author(s):

Natalia Czyżowska ◽

Magdalena Raszka ◽

Alicja Kalus ◽

Dorota Czyżowska

Keyword(s):

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Pediatric Cancer ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Traumatic Experience ◽

Personal Resource ◽

Life Threatening Illness ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Posttraumatic Growth Inventory ◽

High Level ◽

The Relationship

A child’s cancer, as a life-threatening illness, is classified as a traumatic event both for the child him-/herself and for his/her relatives. Struggling with a traumatic experience can bring positive consequences for an individual, which is referred to as posttraumatic growth. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between posttraumatic growth and spirituality understood as a personal resource in mothers of children with pediatric cancer. In total, 55 mothers whose children were in the phase of treatment and who had been staying with them in the hospital filled in a Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, Self-description Questionnaire of Spirituality, and the author’s short questionnaire on demographic variables and information on the child and his/her disease. A high level of posttraumatic development, especially in the area of life appreciation, was observed in the examined mothers. Spirituality was positively related to the emergence of positive change, in two particular components, ethical sensitivity and harmony. It seems that taking into account the area of spirituality when planning interventions and providing support in this group could foster coping with the situation and emergence of posttraumatic growth.

Download Full-text

Relationship between psychological resilience and stress coping strategies in karate athletes

Revista de Artes Marciales Asiáticas ◽

10.18002/rama.v15i2.6257 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Sonnur Kuçuk Kiliç

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Demographic Variables ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Stress Coping ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

Stress Coping Strategies ◽

Coping Scale ◽

Sport Clubs ◽

The Relationship ◽

Karate Athletes

The aim of this research was to examine the psychological resilience and stress coping strategies of Karate athletes according to some demographic variables and to determine the relationship between them. A sample of 104 (54 females and 50 males, mean age 19.85±4.10 years) Karate athletes who trained in different sport clubs in Turkey were recruited. The Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) (Smith et al., 2008) and the Stress Coping Scale (SCS) (Sahin & Durak, 1995) were used for data collection. Descriptive statistics, t-test and correlation analyses were used for data analysis. Participants’ psychological resilience was at mid-level, while the SCS self-confident approach and seeking social support sub-dimensions were at high and low level respectively. The athletes’ psychological resilience and stress coping strategies differed significantly according to gender. There was a positive and low significant correlation between experience and psychological resilience, in contrast a to negative and low significant correlation found between experience and helpless approach SCS sub-dimension. Middle and positive correlation was observed between age and psychological resilience. Finally, there were positive and middle significant correlations between psychological resilience and self-confident approach and optimistic approach, and a negative and middle significant correlation between psychological resilience and helpless approach SCS sub-dimensions.

Download Full-text

The Impact of General Self-Efficacy on Psychological Resilience During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Posttraumatic Growth and the Moderating Role of Deliberate Rumination

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.684354 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Wei Zeng ◽

Xingrou Wu ◽

Yanhua Xu ◽

Jiamin Wu ◽

Yuqing Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Correlation Analysis ◽

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Relationship ◽

General Self Efficacy ◽

Moderating Role

Purpose: This study used a moderated mediation model to explore the relationship between general self-efficacy (GSE) and psychological resilience (PR) and the associated mechanisms, the mediating role of posttraumatic growth (PTG), and the moderating role of deliberate rumination (DR) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Knowledge of the relationship between these four variables examined further understanding of the PR improvement mechanism of college students and even the general public.Methods: The college students who participated in this study came from an independent college in Guangdong Province, China. A total of 918 college students completed the survey, and the final data sample size was 881. SPSS 23.0 and PROCESS (version 3.3) were used to conduct Pearson's correlation analysis and hierarchical regression linear analysis on the data.Results: (1) The correlation analysis showed that GSE and PR were positively correlated and that PTG was positively correlated with GSE and PR. DR was positively correlated with GSE, PTG, and PR. (2) The results of mediation analysis showed that GSE had a direct predictive effect on DR, and PTG partially mediated the relationship between the two. (3) The results of moderating effect analysis showed that DR hindered the effect of GSE on PTG but enhanced the positive impact of PTG on PR.Conclusions: General self-efficacy can improve PR under the mediating influence of PTG. DR played a positive moderating role in the relationship between GSE and PTG, and played a negative moderating role in the relationship between PTG and PR. These results advance the understanding of the mechanism between GSE and PR.

Download Full-text

The Experience of Trauma Resulting From the Loss of a Child and Posttraumatic Growth—The Mediating Role of Coping Strategies (Loss of a Child, PTG, and Coping)

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.1177/0030222817724699 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 80 (1) ◽

pp. 104-119 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nina Ogińska-Bulik ◽

Magdalena Kobylarczyk

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Coping Strategies ◽

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Brief Cope ◽

Loss Of A Child ◽

And Coping ◽

The Relationship

The aim of the study was to determine the mediating role of coping strategies in the relationship between intensity of trauma resulting from the loss of a child and posttraumatic growth (PTG). The study included a group of 76 persons who regarded the loss of a child as a traumatic event. The majority (55.3%) of respondents were women. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 62 years ( M = 35.88; SD = 9.52). A visual scale to measure intensity of trauma was used, and the Polish versions of the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory and Coping Inventory (Brief-Cope). The subjects revealed PTG, primarily in terms of appreciating of life and relating to others. Seeking social support, both emotional and instrumental, plays a mediating role between the intensity of trauma and PTG. Encouraging people who have experienced trauma to seek social support may not only enable adaptation to the situation but also contribute to the occurrence of PTG.

Download Full-text

“Psychological Resilience, Burnout and Secondary Traumatic Stress among Doctors in Covid-19 pandemic”

10.53350/pjmhs211582113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (8) ◽

pp. 2113-2116

Author(s):

Zarafsheen Khalid ◽

Afsheen Gul ◽

Farrah Naz ◽

Nighat Sultana

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Stress ◽

Secondary Traumatic Stress ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Sampling Strategy ◽

Mediating Effect ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Pakistan is among the countries affected during the period of Covid-19 pandemic. A high prevalence of psychological distress was observed among the general population as well as doctors in this outbreak. Aims & Objectives: This research was conducted to study the relationship of psychological resilience, burnout and secondary traumatic stress among doctors in COVID-19 pandemic. It also identified the mediating effect of burnout between the relationship of psychological resilience and secondary traumatic stress. Patients and Method: It is a descriptive study with purposive sampling strategy and correlational research design. The sample comprised of 100 doctors from two hospitals of Lahore between September 2020 to February 2021. Participants age range was between 25-40 years. Data was collected by using the following tools, The Brief Resilience Scale (Smith et al., 2008), Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale (Bride et al., 2004), and Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (Halbesleben & Demerouti, 2005). Results: Results have signified a negative relationship of psychological resilience with secondary traumatic stress and burnout. Burnout has a significant positive relationship with secondary traumatic stress. Moreover, both subscales of burnout (i.e. disengagement and exhaustion) emerged as mediators in the relationship between one subscale of secondary traumatic stress (i.e. intrusion) and psychological resilience. Conclusion: It is concluded that psychological resilience has a significant negative relationship with burnout and secondary traumatic stress. Future researches can design emotional coping strategies and should try to promote programs that can help doctors to enhance resilience so it helps them combat their stress and burnout. Keywords: Psychological resilience, Covid-19, Secondary traumatic stress, burnout

Download Full-text

Psychological Resilience’s Moderation of the Relationship Between the Frequency of Organizational Stressors and Burnout in Athletes and Coaches

The Sport Psychologist ◽

10.1123/tsp.2016-0068 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 178-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Chris Wagstaff ◽

Rebecca Hings ◽

Rebecca Larner ◽

David Fletcher

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Organizational Dynamics ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Organizational Stressors ◽

Difference Variable ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

Individual Difference Variable ◽

Athlete Burnout ◽

The Relationship

This paper presents 2 studies examining the extent to which the frequency of encountered organizational stressors relates to burnout and whether qualities of psychological resilience moderate any such relationship. The studies were conducted with independent samples of athletes and coaches using a questionnaire design. In Study 1, 372 athletes completed measures of organizational stressors (Organizational Stressor Indicator for Sports Performers [OSI-SP]), resilience (Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-10 [CD-RISC-10]), and burnout (Athlete Burnout Questionnaire). In Study 2, 91 coaches completed measures of organizational stressors (OSI-SP), resilience (CD-RISC-10), and burnout (Coach Burnout Questionnaire). Data were analyzed in a moderated regression model using Hayes’s PROCESS macro for SPSS and supported the hypotheses that the frequency of organizational stressors was directly related to burnout in both athletes and coaches and that psychological resilience moderated this relationship. These results highlight the influential role of organizational dynamics for athlete and coach well-being and indicate that psychological resilience is a salient individual difference variable that buffers against potential negative outcomes.

Download Full-text

Resilience, Coping Strategies and Posttraumatic Growth in the Workplace Following COVID-19: A Narrative Review on the Positive Aspects of Trauma

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18189453 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (18) ◽

pp. 9453

Author(s):

Georgia Libera Finstad ◽

Gabriele Giorgi ◽

Lucrezia Ginevra Lulli ◽

Caterina Pandolfi ◽

Giulia Foti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coping Strategies ◽

Posttraumatic Growth ◽

Personal Growth ◽

Traumatic Event ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Narrative Review ◽

Organizational Level ◽

Traumatic Experiences ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Adaptive Coping

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a traumatic event that has profoundly changed working conditions with detrimental consequences for workers’ health, in particular for the healthcare population directly involved in addressing the emergency. Nevertheless, previous research has demonstrated that traumatic experiences can also lead to positive reactions, stimulating resilience and feelings of growth. The aim of this narrative review is to investigate the positive aspects associated with the COVID-19 pandemic and the possible health prevention and promotion strategies by analyzing the available scientific evidence. In particular, we focus on the constructs of resilience, coping strategies and posttraumatic growth (PTG). A literature search was performed on the PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar and Psycinfo databases. Forty-six articles were included in the literature synthesis. Psychological resilience is a fundamental variable for reducing and preventing the negative psychological effects of the pandemic and is associated with lower levels of depression, anxiety and burnout. At the individual and organizational level, resilience plays a crucial role in enhancing wellbeing in healthcare and non-healthcare workers. Connected to resilience, adaptive coping strategies are essential for managing the emergency and work-related stress. Several positive factors influencing resilience have been highlighted in the development of PTG. At the same time, high levels of resilience and positive coping strategies can enhance personal growth. Considering the possible long-term coexistence and consequences of COVID-19, organizational interventions should aim to improve workers’ adaptive coping skills, resilience and PTG in order to promote wellbeing.

Download Full-text

The Relationship between Psychological Resilience and Tendency to Forgiveness

Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies ◽

10.36941/ajis-2021-0002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Svetlana Kravchuk

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Personal Growth ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Well Being ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

Resistance To Stress ◽

The Relationship

In this study the relationship between tendency to forgive and psychological resilience was studied and the factors of psychological resilience were investigated. The participants were 615 Ukrainian students (317 women; 298 men). Psychological Resilience Scale (PRS-11), Trait Forgivingness (dispositional) Scale, The scale of psychological well-being, Freiburg Personality Inventory, Hardiness Test, Mental Health Outcome Measures (Depression and Anxiety (BSI – 12)), Overall Self-efficacy Scale were applied. Reliability of measures was assessed by adopting McDonald’s omega. Pearson’s correlation coefficient to test the features of the relationship between tendency to forgive and psychological resilience was investigated. The multiple regression analysis for the factors of psychological resilience was performed. The higher level of tendency to forgiveness is connected with higher level of psychological resilience. The higher level of psychological resilience is connected with higher level of hardiness, control, and resistance to stress. Negative correlations were found between psychological resilience and spontaneous aggressiveness, neuroticism, irritability, depression (BSI – 12), depressiveness (FPI), emotional instability, anxiety, shyness. The important factors of psychological resilience were identified by the study. High levels of challenge, personal growth, sociability, control, tendency to forgiveness, personal self-efficacy, commitment, self-acceptance, management of the environment increase the psychological resilience. Received: 29 October 2020 / Accepted: 12 December 2020/ Published: 17 January 2021

Download Full-text

Using Facebook and Its Relationship with the Psychological Resilience of a Sample of Orphaned Teenagers

Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University ◽

10.35741/issn.0258-2724.55.6.40 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 55 (6) ◽

Author(s):

Sameh Awadallah Al Sayed ◽

Mohammed Rizk Al-Beheiry

Keyword(s):

Social Networking ◽

Female Adolescents ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

Male And Female ◽

Positive Correlation ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

The Social ◽

Social Networking Website ◽

The Relationship

This study describes a new idea for the relationship between orphaned adolescents using the social networking website Facebook and its relationship to psychological resilience. The study also compares orphaned adolescents, male and female, in their use of Facebook and their degree of psychological resilience. It also identifies the rate of use of orphaned adolescents (male and female) for Facebook. One hundred orphaned adolescents were used as samples in this study. The results indicated a statistically positive correlation between the use of the social networking website Facebook by orphaned adolescents and their psychological resilience. It also showed statistically significant differences between the average specimens of the study sample of male and female orphaned adolescents on the questionnaire using Facebook in the direction of males, and statistically significant differences between the averages of the study sample scores of male and female adolescents on the psychological resilience scale of adolescents in the male direction.

Download Full-text

Psychological Resilience and Self- efficacy for High school female students in Al qurayyat Province in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: المرونة النفسية وعلاقتها بالكفاءة الذاتية لدى طالبات المرحلة الثانوية بمحافظة القريات بالمملكة العربية السعودية

المجلة العربية للعلوم ونشر الأبحاث مجلة العلوم التربوية والنفسية ◽

10.26389/ajsrp.n120320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (34) ◽

Author(s):

Muneera Mohamed Hamad

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

High School Students ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Female Students ◽

Psychological Resilience ◽

School Students ◽

Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽

Resilience Scale ◽

The Relationship

The present study aims to identify the relationship between, Psychological resilience .and self- efficacy. among the female students of the high school in Alqurayyat province in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabi. It also seeks to point out the level of Psychological resilience and self- efficacy among female students and indicate the extent to which Psychological resilience can be predicted through self- efficacy. Descriptive method was adopted by the researcher to achieve the objectives of the present research. Stratified random sampling technique was applied to select a sample of (164) female students. Data was collected by the following scales: Psychological resilience Scale prepared by (Shagora2012) and Self- efficacy Scale by the researcher. The results indicated that Psychological resilience and self- efficacy. levels are average among the High school female. students. The study also showed a statistically significant correlation between Psychological resilience and self- efficacy at the level of (0.01). The Psychological resilience of the study sample could be predicted through the degrees of self- efficacy. Based upon these results The study recommends., preparing counseling programs that help in developing psychological resilience and self- efficacy among high school students.

Download Full-text