Systemic Coagulopathy in Hospitalized Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Coagulation activation has been reported in several cohorts of patients Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the true burden of systemic coagulopathy in COVID-19 remains unknown. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we performed a literature search using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Database to identify studies that reported the prevalence of systemic coagulopathy using established criteria in patients with COVID-19. The primary outcome was the prevalence of systemic coagulopathy (disseminated intravascular coagulation [DIC] and/or sepsis-induced coagulopathy [SIC]). Pooled prevalences and 95% confidence intervals [CIs] were calculated using random-effects model. A total of 5 studies including 1210 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were included. The pooled prevalence of systemic coagulopathy was 7.1% (95%CI: 3.2%,15.3%, I2 = 93%). The pooled prevalence of DIC (N = 721) and SIC (N = 639) were 4.3% (95%CI 1.7%, 10.4%, I2 = 84%) and 16.2% (95%CI: 9.3%, 26.8%, I2 = 74%), respectively. Only 2 studies reported the prevalence of elevated D-dimer levels with the pooled prevalence of 84.6% (95%CI: 52.0%,96.5%, I2 = 94%). Average D-dimer and fibrinogen levels were remarkably increased, while platelet counts, PT, and aPTT ratios were minimally affected in COVID-19. The estimated prevalence of systemic coagulopathy in patients with COVID-19 was low despite D-dimer elevation in most patients. Relatively low systemic coagulopathy in COVID-19 may contribute to the high incidence of thrombosis rather than bleeding in patients with COVID-19.

Download Full-text

Tobacco use among the elderly: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cadernos de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s0102-311x2010001200002 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 26 (12) ◽

pp. 2213-2233 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Valeska Marinho ◽

Jerson Laks ◽

Evandro Silva Freire Coutinho ◽

Sergio Luís Blay

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Tobacco Use ◽

Literature Search ◽

Economic Status ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Elderly Subjects ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Prevalence Rates

The aim of this study was to combine the results of identified surveys on the prevalence of tobacco use in old age to estimate world prevalence of tobacco use and possible factors related to such behavior among the elderly. The literature search included electronic databases such as MEDLINE, LILACS, and Biological Abstracts, hand-searching of specialist journals and cited reference searches. The combined global prevalence was estimated using the random effects model. The total number of elderly subjects included in all surveys was 140,058, with data available from all the continents. Overall prevalence of tobacco use was 13% in both genders (22% male and 8% female). The prevalence rates were heterogeneous among surveys and were associated with smoking definition, questionnaire application, and country economic status. Few epidemiological studies assessed tobacco use among the elderly. A higher prevalence rate of tobacco use in males who live in higher income countries could be found, although additional evidence regarding elderly samples is still required.

Download Full-text

A Global Mutational Profile of SARS-CoV-2: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 368,316 COVID-19 Patients

Life ◽

10.3390/life11111224 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 1224

Author(s):

Wardah Yusof ◽

Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola ◽

Yusuf Wada ◽

Engku Nur Syafirah Engku Abd Rahman ◽

Naveed Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Spike Protein ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Potential Influence ◽

Viral Genomes ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

The Usa ◽

New Mutations

Since its first detection in December 2019, more than 232 million cases of COVID-19, including 4.7 million deaths, have been reported by the WHO. The SARS-CoV-2 viral genomes have evolved rapidly worldwide, causing the emergence of new variants. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to provide a global mutational profile of SARS-CoV-2 from December 2019 to October 2020. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analysis (PRISMA), and a study protocol was lodged with PROSPERO. Data from 62 eligible studies involving 368,316 SARS-CoV-2 genomes were analyzed. The mutational data analyzed showed most studies detected mutations in the Spike protein (n = 50), Nucleocapsid phosphoprotein (n = 34), ORF1ab gene (n = 29), 5′-UTR (n = 28) and ORF3a (n = 25). Under the random-effects model, pooled prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 variants was estimated at 95.1% (95% CI; 93.3–96.4%; I2 = 98.952%; p = 0.000) while subgroup meta-analysis by country showed majority of the studies were conducted ‘Worldwide’ (n = 10), followed by ‘Multiple countries’ (n = 6) and the USA (n = 5). The estimated prevalence indicated a need to continuously monitor the prevalence of new mutations due to their potential influence on disease severity, transmissibility and vaccine effectiveness.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Headache in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of 14,275 Patients

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2020.562634 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Md Asiful Islam ◽

Sayeda Sadia Alam ◽

Shoumik Kundu ◽

Tareq Hossan ◽

Mohammad Amjad Kamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Quality Assessment ◽

Confidence Intervals ◽

Random Effects ◽

Critical Appraisal ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) started to spread globally since December 2019 from Wuhan, China. Headache has been observed as one of the clinical manifestations in COVID-19 patients. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the overall pooled prevalence of headache in COVID-19 patients.Methods: PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify studies published between December 2019 and March 2020. Adult (≥18 years) COVID-19 patients were considered eligible. We used random-effects model to estimate the pooled prevalence with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Quality assessment was done using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020182529).Results: We identified 2,055 studies, of which 86 studies (n = 14,275, 49.4% female) were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, the pooled prevalence of headache in COVID-19 patients was 10.1% [95% CI: 8.76–11.49]. There was no significant difference of headache prevalence in severe or critical vs. non-severe (RR: 1.05, p = 0.78), survived (recovered or discharged) vs. non-survived (RR: 1.36, p = 0.23), and ICU vs. non-ICU (RR: 1.06, p = 0.87) COVID-19 patients. We detected 64.0, 34.9, and 1.1% of the included studies as high, moderate, and low quality, respectively.Conclusions: From the first 4-month data of the outbreak, headache was detected in 10.1% of the adult COVID-19 patients.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Iran (2000-2016): A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Study

Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871526520666200601164850 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Sajjad Panahi ◽

Milad Abbasi ◽

Kourosh Sayehmiri ◽

Sadegh Safaripour ◽

Jahangir Abdi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽

Literature Search ◽

Reference Lists ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Age Group ◽

Epidemiological Features ◽

Geographical Locations

: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common form of leishmaniasis affecting humans. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and epidemiological features of CL in Iran by a systematic review and meta-analysis. The literature search was performed in the SID, Magiran, IranDoc, PubMed, Scopus, Medlib, as well as the Google Scholar search engine databases to find studies on the prevalence of CL. The reference lists of the found articles were also reviewed to obtain additional relevant articles. Studies that were related to treatment and reservoirs of CL were excluded. Forty-four studies were selected for final analysis. Metaanalysis with random effects model showed that the prevalence of leishmaniasis in Iran was 77 per 100,000 population. Overall, 60% of the patients were men. Most cases of CL occurred in autumn, and majority of the patients had one lesion mostly on hands. The most common age group was 20-30 years. In conclusion, CL is an endemic disease in Iran, and its prevalence is largely affected by geographical locations and regional customs. Appropriate preventing measures should be considered to decrease the incidence of CL in Iran.

Download Full-text

Coagulopathy in patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2020.07.15.20154138 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaolin Zhang ◽

Xue Yang ◽

Hongmei Jiao ◽

Xinmin Liu

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Literature Search ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Statistical Analyses ◽

Systematic Literature Search ◽

Coagulation Parameters ◽

Coagulation Abnormalities ◽

D Dimer

Patients with COVID-19 frequently manifest coagulation abnormalities and thrombotic events. In this meta-analysis, we aimed to explore the role of coagulopathy on the severity differences in patients with COVID-19. We conducted systematic literature search via Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane, WanFang Database, CNKI, and medRxiv from December 1, 2019 to May 1, 2020, to identify all original studies that reports on coagulation parameters (D-dimer, PLT, PT, APTT, and FIB) during COVID-19 infection. Thereafter, we compared the coagulation parameters between less severe and more severe cases. All Statistical analyses were performed via Stata14.0 software. A total of 3,952 confirmed COVID-19 infected patients were included from 25 studies. Patients with severe COVID-19 infection exhibited significantly higher levels of D-dimer, PT, and FIB (SMD 0.83, 95% CI: 0.70-0.97, I2 56.9%; SMD 0.39, 95% CI: 0.14-0.64, I2 77.9%; SMD 0.35, 95% CI: 0.17-0.53, I2 42.4% respectively). However, difference in PLT and APTT levels between less severe and more severe patients was not statistically significant (SMD-0.26, 95% CI: -0.56-0.05, I2 82.2%; SMD-0.14,95% CI: -0.45-0.18, I2 75.5% respectively) This meta-analysis revealed coagulopathy is associated with the severity of COVID-19. Notably, D-dimer, PT, and FIB are the dominant parameters that should be considered in evaluating coagulopathy in COVID-19 patients.

Download Full-text

Precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Systematic Reviews ◽

10.1186/s13643-021-01840-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ayele Semachew Kasa ◽

Tadesse Dagget ◽

Yeshiwork Beyene ◽

Getnet Dessie ◽

Aklilu Endalamaw ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Random Effects ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Cervical Lesion ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Cervical Lesions ◽

Precancerous Cervical Lesion ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Precancerous Cervical Lesions

Abstract Background Though cervical cancer is largely preventable, it is still the second most common female cancer globally and the leading cause of cancer deaths among females in African. Though many efforts have been done to study the burden of the disease in Ethiopia, primary studies examining the prevalence of precancerous cervical lesions are fragmented. Hence, this systematic review and meta-analysis is aimed at estimating the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion and its trends in Ethiopia. Methods This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted using the following electronic databases. PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, Science Direct, Google Scholar, African Index Medicus (AIM), African Journals Online databases, and Addis Ababa and Bahir Dar Universities research repositories were searched following the Preferred Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) Guideline. STATA 15 statistical software was used to analyze the data. The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) quality appraisal tool for meta-analysis. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the Cochrane Q test and I2 test statistics based on the random effects model. A random effects model was computed to estimate the pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia. Finally, the trend of precancerous cervical lesion in the country was presented. Result Seventeen studies with a total of 26,112 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion was 15.16 (95% CI 10.16–19.70). The subgroup analysis by region showed the highest prevalence of precancerous cervical lesion at the Southern Nations and Nationalities Peoples Region (19.65%; 95% CI 15.51–23.80). The trend of precancerous cervical lesion prevalence showed an increased pattern over time. Conclusion Approximately one among six of the study participants had precancerous cervical lesion. The trend also showed that there is still an increasing precancerous cervical lesion in Ethiopia. Best practices in achieving high vaccination coverage shall be informed by practices in other successful countries.

Download Full-text

Prevalence of dysphagia in patients with multiple sclerosis; a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2021.06.07.21258473 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Omid Mirmosayyeb ◽

Narges Ebrahimi ◽

Arman Shekarian ◽

Sara Bagherieh ◽

Alireza Afshari-Safavi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Literature Search ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Final Analysis ◽

Self Report ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Screening Strategies ◽

Conference Papers

Objectives: Dysphagia is a major comorbidity observed in patients with multiple sclerosis, yet different prevalence rates are reported for it. Therefore, we have designed this systematic review to estimate the pooled prevalence of dysphagia in patients with MS. Method: We searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and gray literature including references from the identified studies, reviews studies, and conference abstracts which were published up to February 2021. Articles that were relevant to our topic and could provide information regarding the prevalence of dysphagia among MS patients were included; however, articles with self-report screening strategies were excluded. Results: The literature search found 1993 articles. After eliminating duplicates, 1272 articles remained. Sixteen abstract conference papers were included for final analysis. A total of 10846 MS cases and 4913 MS patients with dysphagia included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of dysphagia in the included studies was 45.3% (95% CI: [40.7%-50%]) Conclusion: The results of this systematic review shows that the prevalence of dysphagia in MS patients is 45% which is greatly higher compared to the general population.

Download Full-text

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of D-Dimer Levels in Patients Hospitalized with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

10.1101/2020.06.24.20139600 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Agam Bansal ◽

Achintya D Singh ◽

Vardhmaan Jain ◽

Manik Aggarwal ◽

Samiksha Gupta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Outcome ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Outcome Measure ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Icu Admission ◽

End Point ◽

Cochrane Database ◽

All Cause Mortality ◽

D Dimer

AbstractAimTo determine if the d-dimer levels are elevated in individuals with COVID 19 having worse clinical outcomes including all-cause mortality, ICU admission or ARDSMethodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature in Pubmed, Embase and Cochrane database through April 9, 2020 for studies evaluating the d-dimer levels in patients with and without a worse clinical outcome (all-cause mortality, ICU admission and ARDS). A total of 6 studies included in the meta-analysis.ResultsThe values of d-dimer were found to be significantly increased in patients with the composite clinical end point than in those without (SMD, 1.67 ug/ml (95% CI, 0.72-2.62 ug/ml). The SMD of the studies (Tang et al, Zhou et al, Chen et al), which used only mortality as an outcome measure was 2.5 ug/mL (95% CI, 0.62-4.41).ConclusionThe results of this concise meta-analysis suggest that d-dimer is significantly increased in patients having a worse clinical outcome (all-cause mortality, ICU admission or ARDS).

Download Full-text

Prevalence of and risk factors for severe malaria caused by Plasmodium and dengue virus co-infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Infectious Diseases of Poverty ◽

10.1186/s40249-020-00741-z ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Manas Kotepui ◽

Kwuntida Uthaisar Kotepui ◽

Giovanni De Jesus Milanez ◽

Frederick Ramirez Masangkay

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Dengue Virus ◽

Severe Malaria ◽

Random Effects ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Prevalence Estimate ◽

Severe Dengue ◽

Random Effects Model ◽

Pooled Prevalence

Abstract Background Co-infection with both Plasmodium and dengue virus (DENV) infectious species could have serious and fatal outcomes if left undiagnosed and without timely treatment. The present study aimed to determine the pooled prevalence estimate of severe malaria among patients with co-infection, the risk of severe diseases due to co-infection, and to describe the complications of severe malaria and severe dengue among patients with co-infection. Methods Relevant studies published between databases between 12 September 1970 and 22 May 2020 were identified and retrieved through a search of the ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and MEDLINE. The pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of severe malaria among patients with Plasmodium and DENV co-infection was estimated with a random-effects model to take into account the between-study heterogeneity of the included studies. The risks of severe malaria and severe diseases due to co-infection were estimated with the pooled odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI with a random-effects model. Results Of the 5653 articles screened, 13 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that the pooled prevalence estimate of severe malaria among patients with co-infection was 32% (95% CI: 18–47%, I2 = 92.3%). Patients with co-infection had a higher risk of severe diseases than those with DENV mono-infection (odds ratio [OR] = 3.94, 95% CI: 1.96–7.95, I2 = 72%). Patients with co-infection had a higher risk of severe dengue than those with DENV mono-infection (OR = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.08–3.63, I2 = 69%). The most severe complications found in severe dengue were bleeding (39.6%), jaundice (19.8%), and shock/hypotension (17.9%), while the most severe complications found in severe malaria were severe bleeding/bleeding (47.9%), jaundice (32.2%), and impaired consciousness (7.43%). Conclusions The present study found that there was a high prevalence of severe malaria among patients with Plasmodium and DENV co-infection. Physicians in endemic areas where these two diseases overlap should recognize that patients with this co-infection can develop either severe malaria or severe dengue with bleeding complications, but a greater risk of developing severe dengue than severe malaria was noted in patients with this co-infection. Trial registration The protocol of this study was registered at PROSPERO: CRD42020196792.

Download Full-text

Gender differences in blindness, cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis

British Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1136/bjophthalmol-2018-313562 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 (2) ◽

pp. 220-224 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Manya Prasad ◽

Sumit Malhotra ◽

Mani Kalaivani ◽

Praveen Vashist ◽

Sanjeev K Gupta

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Gender Differences ◽

Literature Search ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Gender Differentials ◽

Indian Context ◽

Pooled Prevalence ◽

Meta Analyses

BackgroundThe magnitude of blindness is unevenly distributed worldwide. This systematic review aimed to study gender differences in the prevalence of blindness, cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage in India among persons aged 50 years and above.MethodsLiterature search was carried out in the Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, EMBASE and Trip databases. Data were abstracted and risk of bias was assessed for the selected full-text articles. Pooled prevalence, ORs and risk differences were synthesised by meta-analyses.Results22 studies were included in the systematic review. The pooled prevalence of blindness obtained for men was 4.17% and that for women was 5.68%. Women had 35% higher odds of being blind (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.62) and 69% higher odds of being cataract blind (OR 1.69, 95% CI 1.44 to 1.95). Women had a 27% lower odds of getting cataract surgery (OR 0.73, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.01). In women, around 35% of the prevalence of blindness and 33% of the prevalence of cataract blindness are attributable to their gender.ConclusionMarked gender differences in blindness, cataract blindness and cataract surgical coverage were seen in India, with the odds being unfavourable for women. Interventions implemented for reduction of blindness, including cataract blindness, need to consider these gender differentials in the Indian context. Further research is needed to ascertain the reasons for these differences and devise interventions to reduce these differences in order to tackle the magnitude of avoidable blindness in India.

Download Full-text