Changes in Media Credibility when a Predicted Disaster Doesn't Happen

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann M. Major ◽  
L. Erwin Atwood
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Earthquake Prediction ◽  
News Media ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adaptation Theory ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Public Response ◽  
Media Credibility ◽  
Over Time

This study examines public response to and perceived believability of information disseminated in the news media about a real-time earthquake prediction, and extends the body of media credibility research by examining these responses within the context of Taylor's (1983) cognitive adaptation theory. The theory focuses on people's illusions of well-being that under certain circumstances of threat can lead to adaptive behaviors and provides insights into why some people increased their assessments of message credibility while others lowered their evaluations; still others made no change over time in their assessments of message believability.

scholarly journals Do Feelings of Defeat and Entrapment Change over Time? An Investigation of the Integrated Motivational—Volitional Model of Suicidal Behaviour Using Ecological Momentary Assessments

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (13) ◽  
pp. 4685
Author(s):  
Jana-Sophie Stenzel ◽  
Inken Höller ◽  
Dajana Rath ◽  
Nina Hallensleben ◽  
Lena Spangenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Short Term Variability

(1) Background. Defeat and entrapment have been highlighted as major risk factors of suicidal ideation and behavior. Nevertheless, little is known about their short-term variability and their longitudinal association in real-time. Therefore, this study aims to investigate whether defeat and entrapment change over time and whether defeat predicts entrapment as stated by the integrated motivational–volitional model of suicidal behavior. (2) Methods. Healthy participants (n = 61) underwent a 7-day smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment (EMA) on suicidal ideation/behavior and relevant risk factors, including defeat and entrapment and a comprehensive baseline (T0) and post (T2) assessment. (3) Results. Mean squared successive differences (MSSD) and intraclass correlations (ICC) support the temporal instability as well as within-person variability of defeat and entrapment. Multilevel analyses revealed that during EMA, defeat was positively associated with entrapment at the same measurement. However, defeat could not predict entrapment to the next measurement (approximately two hours later). (4) Conclusion. This study provides evidence on the short-term variability of defeat and entrapment highlighting that repeated measurement of defeat and entrapment—preferably in real time—is necessary in order to adequately capture the actual empirical relations of these variables and not to overlook significant within-person variability. Further research—especially within clinical samples—seems warranted.

Psychosocial outcomes following surgery in women with unilateral, nonhereditary breast cancer.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 570-570
Author(s):  
David Wai Lim ◽  
Helene Retrouvey ◽  
Isabel Kerrebijn ◽  
Kate Butler ◽  
Anne C O'Neill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Surgical Procedure ◽  
Psychosocial Outcomes ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bilateral Mastectomy ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Unilateral Mastectomy ◽  
Over Time

570 Background: Rates of bilateral mastectomy continue to rise in average-risk women with unilateral breast cancer. We aim to characterize psychosocial predictors of surgical procedure and how psychosocial outcomes change over time after surgery for breast cancer. Methods: A prospective cohort of women with unilateral, nonhereditary breast cancer were recruited at University Health Network in Toronto, Canada between 2014-2017. Women completed validated psychosocial questionnaires (BREAST-Q) pre-operatively, and 6 and 12 months after surgery. Outcomes were assessed between three surgical groups (unilateral lumpectomy, unilateral mastectomy, bilateral mastectomy). Predictors of surgical procedure were identified using a multinomial logistic regression model. Change in psychosocial scores over time according to procedure was assessed using linear mixed models. All models control for age, stage, reconstruction and treatment. P values < .05 were considered statistically significant. Results: 506 women underwent surgery as follows: 216 unilateral lumpectomy (43%), 181 unilateral mastectomy (36%) and 109 bilateral mastectomy (22%). In the multinomial regression model, younger age (p < .01), and lower chest physical (p = .03) and sexual well-being (p = .02) predicted having bilateral mastectomy over unilateral lumpectomy while younger age (p < .01) and lower disease stage (p = .02) predicted bilateral mastectomy over unilateral mastectomy. The mixed model demonstrates that breast satisfaction follows a non-linear pattern of change over time, with 6- but not 12-month scores being significantly different from baseline (p = .015). Procedure predicts baseline satisfaction (p = .016), with bilateral mastectomy having worse satisfaction than unilateral lumpectomy. Procedure also predicts change in satisfaction, with unilateral and bilateral mastectomy having lower scores across time than lumpectomy. While a significant improvement in psychological well-being is detected by 12 months (p = .02), those with unilateral and bilateral mastectomy have worse psychological well-being over time compared to lumpectomy. Women having mastectomy start with worse physical well-being than those in the lumpectomy group, but their physical well-being does not decline as much as the lumpectomy group over time (p < .01). Conclusions: Definitive surgical procedure affects the trajectory of psychosocial functioning over time. This emerging data may be used to further facilitate surgical decision-making in women considering contralateral prophylactic mastectomy.

Promoting Adolescent Girls’ Well-Being in Pakistan: a Mixed-Methods Study of Change Over Time, Feasibility, and Acceptability, of the COMPASS Program

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1030-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khudejha Asghar ◽  
Yana Mayevskaya ◽  
Marni Sommer ◽  
Ayesha Razzaque ◽  
Betsy Laird ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Change over time of infants’ movements based on motion analysis: comparison with changes in general movements and the body sway

Physiotherapy ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. e1388
Author(s):  
K. Shimatani ◽  
T. Shibanoki ◽  
K. Shima ◽  
Y. Kurita ◽  
A. Otsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Sway ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
General Movements ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals P494 Can Patients Monitor Response To Ustekinumab In The Real World?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S477-S478
Author(s):  
A J Walsh ◽  
L Matini ◽  
A Kormilitzin ◽  
J Wilson ◽  
S Lyden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Decision Support Tool ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measures ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Support Tool ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Real time monitoring of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) gives us the opportunity to examine disease trajectory. We have demonstrated the feasibility of using a monitoring platform with patient reported data, collected prospectively and routinely in clinical practice. The question is whether it can be used for specific drugs Methods TrueColours-IBD (TC-IBD)is a real time, web based platform that through email prompts linked to questionnaires, collects longitudinal patient reported outcome measures (for CD, symptoms measured by Harvey Bradshaw Index (HBI) and quality of life by IBD Control-8). It is routinely used by &gt;2000 patients in Oxford. This study examined 114 patients with Crohn’s: 45 males (median age 36, IQR 28–51) and 69 females (median age 34.8, IQR 28–47), treated with ustekinumab for a maximum of 16 months (range -2 months to 14 months). A linear mixed-effects model was used to approximate longitudinal trends of HBI and IBD Control-8. 3 individual items of the HBI scale (general well-being, abdominal pain & stool frequency) were also assessed. The TC-IBD platform has the capacity to analyse and show patients’ data automatically, using customised models and algorithms through the feedback loop (Fig 1). Model coefficients, intercept and slope were estimated using the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) approach. The intercept corresponds to the expected cohort mean value of the scale (e.g. HBI, IBD Control-8) at baseline (time zero) and the slope describes the rate of the change over time Results The models’ coefficients, the intercept and slope of both HBI and IBD Control-8 scales were statistically significant and are summarised in Table 1 with confidence intervals. Both linear trends (slopes) describing HBI (p&lt;0.001) and IBD Control-8 (p&lt;0.001) confirmed improvements for patients. The bowel movement component of the HBI dominated over general well-being and abdominal pain, while keeping a similar downward trend over time ( Fig 2 and Fig 3a,b) Conclusion Patient reported data through the TC-IBD platform can be used for statistical analyses and continuous monitoring of drug effect over time. This analysis is limited by a lack of comparator group, but the models may be used with the TrueColours platform as a decision support tool for other drugs

scholarly journals A Historical Perspective on Ageing and Capability

2022 ◽  
pp. 163-174
Author(s):  
Ulrika Lagerlöf Nilsson ◽  
Helene Castenbrandt
Keyword(s):  
Capability Approach ◽  
Pension Reform ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Civil Status ◽  
Older Citizens ◽  
Selma Lagerlof ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThis chapter discusses the value of a capability approach in historical research on older people. Historians are generally focused on studying continuity and change over time. Their research often aims at explaining how and why certain phenomena appear and take different shapes. Capability is a way of capturing an individual’s ability to live a meaningful life, or a life that they perceive as good. A modern analytical tool such as the capability approach can be used for visualising historical patterns, even though individuals’ values of well-being change over time. In that sense, historical studies of individuals’ capabilities, or functions, can add another perspective to this theoretical framework.Old newspapers, biographies, diaries, letters, novels and government reports make it possible to understand which capabilities individuals and societies have valued for older citizens at different times. The meaning of functions differs over time and is dependent on several factors, such as gender and economic conditions, as well as social and civil status. This also means that conditions for a phenomenon such as retirement change over time, but they also differ depending on people’s previous life conditions. In this article, we explore these things using two different examples. Firstly, we discuss how Selma Lagerlöf, a woman with high social status, arranged for her retirement. The second example shows how women with low economic status struggled to retire at the time when universal pension reform was being implemented in Sweden.

How Does Spiritual Well-Being Change Over Time in Patients with Heart Failure, and What Predicts Change? (SCI919)

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 679-680
Author(s):  
Lubin Deng ◽  
Katherine Doyon ◽  
Paula Langner ◽  
Kevin Masters ◽  
Shaunna Siler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Tetela amulets: Re-interpreting a medical anthropology collection as a fashion benchmark

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-180
Author(s):  
Heather Marie Akou
Keyword(s):  
Medical Anthropology ◽  
The Body ◽  
Symbolic Meaning ◽  
Fashion Industry ◽  
Indiana University ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Equatorial Africa ◽  
Minority Cultures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

In the 1920s and 1930s, missionaries and colonial officials in equatorial Africa collected thousands of amulets – devices worn on the body that were made locally for protection and healing (spiritual and/or physical). One of these collections – assembled in the 1920s by an American pseudo-missionary, Major John White – is now held at the Mathers Museum of World Cultures at Indiana University, which accepted the amulets and other artefacts used by the Tetela people as an example of ‘medical anthropology’. Although they were not made as ‘fashion’ (or even as art), I argue that they can be viewed as a style of dress specific to a time and place and thus as fashion. Like fashions in clothing, individual amulets can be shown to have similarities in their form and symbolic meaning, which can be expected to change over time. I propose looking at this collection of amulets as a ‘fashion benchmark’ in the history of Tetela dress, calling for further research and seeking to push the boundaries on our conception of fashion, making it less focused on the ‘fashion industry’ and more inclusive of slower-changing styles of dress, minority cultures, and non-western cultures.

Roles of interactivity and usage experience in e-learning acceptance: a longitudinal study

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Ming Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Learning System ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Over Time

Purpose – This study's purposes were to longitudinally examine how interactivity factors as the antecedents to learner beliefs affected learners' intention to use the e-learning system and explore whether the effects on learners' usage intention of the e-learning system would change over time with increasing learners' usage experience of the system. Design/methodology/approach – This study gathered sample data from students at a comprehensive university in Taiwan. The sample data were collected in a two-stage survey and were analyzed by using the longitudinal methodology. A total of 252 students agreed to participate in this study, and 225 students effectively participated in both data collections, with a usable response rate of 89.29 percent. Data were analyzed by using structural equation modelling and multiple group analysis. Findings – Interactivity factors (controllability, responsiveness, two-way communication, and personalization) indirectly affected students' intention to use the e-learning system via the extrinsic motivators (perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEOU)) and intrinsic motivator (perceived enjoyment (PE)). Besides, students' experience in using the e-learning system moderated the effects of PU, PEOU, and PE on intention to use the system. Originality/value – Based on the extended technology acceptance model, the empirical evidence on capturing both extrinsic and intrinsic motivators for completely explaining interactivity antecedents of learners' e-learning acceptance is well documented in this study. Besides, it should be noted that this study contributes significantly to the body of research on evaluating whether the effects of learners' beliefs on their usage intention of the e-learning system may change over time with increasing experience in using the system.

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