Fabrication, properties, and failure of composite sandwiches made with sheet extrusion method

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-701 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mei-Chen Lin ◽  
Jia-Horng Lin ◽  
Jan-Yi Lin ◽  
Ting An Lin ◽  
Ching-Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Composite Sandwich ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
One Step ◽  
Sheet Extrusion ◽  
Extrusion Method

Fiber-reinforced polymer composites are commonly used in different fields because the evenly distributed fibers in polymer can efficiently transmit the load of a force and mechanically reinforce the polymer matrices. This study proposes producing composite sandwiches using thermoplastic polyurethane sheets as the top and bottom layers and a polypropylene/Kevlar nonwoven fabric the interlayer. Thermoplastic polyurethane sheets and a polypropylene/Kevlar nonwoven fabric are combined using the sheet extrusion method, during which the polypropylene staple fibers are melted and firmly bond the thermoplastic polyurethane sheets. The mechanical properties, thermal behavior, and surface morphology of composite sandwiches are evaluated, examining the influence of parameters. The test results show that the composite sandwiches are mechanically reinforced as a result of using the nonwoven covers. Moreover, the improved interfacial bonding between the cover layers and the interlayer inhibits delamination, and the stabilized structure subsequently decreases the level of combustion which is in conformity of the differential scanning calorimetry results. The manufacturing is creative and efficient due to one-step shaping, creating a refined composite sandwich with good mechanical properties and combustion resistance.

Preparation of vinyl polymer/polyurethane hybrid latex particles and their application in nano-sized vinyl polymer particle/thermoplastic polyurethane blends

e-Polymers ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanyan Wei ◽  
Chengzhong Zong ◽  
Fufang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Polymer Particle ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Particles ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Latex Particles ◽  
Vinyl Polymer ◽  
Hybrid Latex ◽  
Polyurethane Matrix

AbstractVinyl polymer/polyurethane hybrid latex particles with various compositions were successfully prepared via emulsion polymerization of vinyl monomer in the presence of self-emulsified polyurethane dispersion without using any surfactant. Studies were carried out on polymerization kinetics, characterization of the hybrid particles and the physical properties of nano-sized vinyl polymer particle/thermoplastic polyurethane blends. It was found that the maximum content of vinyl polymer in polyurethane hybrid particles was up to 80 percent and all of the vinyl polymer/polyurethane hybrid particles were less than 120 nm. Infrared spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry analysis indicated the influence of vinyl polymer on the polyurethane hybrid particles. With the polyurethane shells outside and, therefore, good compatibility with polyurethane matrix, the hybrid particles can be easily blended into polyurethane matrix. Some unusual changes of dynamic mechanical properties in the low temperature region were found in the blends of hybrid particles and thermoplastic polyurethane. With the addition of only 3%, the mechanical properties of these blends did not show a significant change. This study provided a new method to prepare hybrid particles in the absence of surfactant and made an attempt on application of vinyl polymer/polyurethane hybrid particles in the blending modification

The effect of environmental humidity/water absorption on tribo-mechanical performance of polymers and polymer composites – a review

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kawaljit Singh Randhawa ◽  
Ashwin Patel
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Water Conditions

Purpose The mechanical and tribological properties of polymers and polymer composites vary with different environmental conditions. This paper aims to review the influence of humidity/water conditions on various polymers and polymer composites' mechanical properties and tribological behaviors. Design/methodology/approach The influence of humidity and water absorption on mechanical and tribological properties of various polymers, fillers and composites has been discussed in this paper. Tensile strength, modulus, yield strength, impact strength, COF and wear rates of polymer composites are compared for different environmental conditions. The interaction between the water molecules and hydrophobic polymers is also represented. Findings Pure polymer matrices show somewhat mixed behavior in humid environments. Absorbed moisture generally plasticizes the epoxies and polyamides and lowers the tensile strength, yield strength and modulus. Wear rates of PVC generally decrease in humid environments, while for polyamides, it increases. Fillers like graphite and boron-based compounds exhibit low COF, while MoS2 particulate fillers exhibit higher COF at high humidity and water conditions. The mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced polymer composites tend to decrease as the rate of humidity increases while the wear rates of fiber-reinforced polymer composites show somewhat mixed behavior. Particulate fillers like metals and advanced ceramics reinforced polymer composites exhibit low COF and wear rates as the rate of humidity increases. Originality/value The mechanical and tribological properties of polymers and polymer composites vary with the humidity value present in the environment. In dry conditions, wear loss is determined by the hardness of the contacting surfaces, which may not effectively work for high humid environments. The tribological performance of composite constituents, i.e. matrix and fillers in humid environments, defines the overall performance of polymer composite in said environments.

Mechanical Properties of Chemical Treated Jute Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites

2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 75-83
Author(s):  
Wafaa Mahdi Salih
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Pmma Polymer

Using PMMA Polymer reinforced by Natural Fiber (N.F.) materials have established much consideration because of several advantages for example low cost, non-abrasive, lightweight, non-toxic and the properties of bio-degradable. many kinds of research have been done in the recent usage of the natural reinforcing material to the preparation of different types of composites. Chemically treated jute fiber can enhance the surface of the fiber, decrease the absorption technique, and improve the roughness surface.in this research, pre-chemical treated in different lengths of jute- fibers in PMMA polymer-composites has been considered. Also, the effect of chemical treatment on mechanical properties of jute, jute reinforcing composite has been conferred. The results showed that the tensile strength T.S. of the treated in benzoylate solutions (4 mm) length fiber had good indicate to better interlocking between composite contents.Flexural-Strength F.S. of the-alkaline. solution treated (12 mm) length of fiber was obtained-better-results by increasing (16.5 %) compared with (2 mm) fiber-length. The fracture of the samples has discussed the relationship between composite adhesion. Impact Strength I.S. of the alkaline-treated (8,12 mm) fiber- a length that is due to to.better mechanical - interlocking between composite materials. The 2 mm fiber – length was not suitable-PMMA/ Jute composite in these tested for treated and untreated chemicals

Prediction for the mechanical property of short fiber-reinforced polymer composites through process modeling method

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1525-1546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Mu ◽  
Anbiao Chen ◽  
Guoqun Zhao ◽  
Yujia Cui ◽  
Jiejie Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fiber Orientation ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites ◽  
Fiber Orientation Distribution

The fiber-reinforced polymer composites are important alternative for conventional structural materials because of their excellent comprehensive performance and weight reduction. The mechanical properties of such composite materials are mainly determined by the fiber orientation induced through practical manufacturing process. In the study, a through process modeling (TPM) method coupling the microstructure evolution and the mechanical properties of fiber-reinforced composites in practical processing is presented. The numerical methodology based on the finite volume method is performed to investigate three-dimensional forming process in the injection molding of fiber-reinforced composites. The evolution of fiber orientation distribution is successfully predicted by using a reduced strain closure model. The corresponding finite volume model for TPM is detailedly derived and the pressure implicit with splitting of operators (PISO) algorithm is employed to improve computational stability. The flow-induced multilayer structure is successfully predicted according to essential flow characteristics and the fiber orientation distribution. The mechanical properties of such anisotropy composites is further calculated based on the stiffness analysis and the Tandon–Weng model. The improvement of mechanical properties in each direction of the injection molded product are evaluated by using the established mathematical model and numerical algorithm. The influences of the geometric structure of injection mold cavity, the fiber volume fractions, and the fiber aspect ratios on the mechanical properties of composite products are further discussed. The mathematical model and numerical method proposed in the study can be successfully adopted to investigate the structural response of composites in practical manufacturing process that will be helpful for optimum processing design.

Plastic packaging materials of laminated composites made of polymer cover sheets and a nonwoven interlayer

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 2287-2301
Author(s):  
Mei-Chen Lin ◽  
Jia-Horng Lin ◽  
Jan-Yi Lin ◽  
Ting An Lin ◽  
Ching-Wen Lou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Laminated Composites ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Crystal Stability ◽  
High Toughness ◽  
Sheet Extrusion

This study aims to improve the mechanical properties, stabilized structures, and light weight plastic packaging materials to realize diverse applications. A sheet extrusion machine is used to fabricate sandwich-structured composites, which are composed of two polymer cover sheets and a nonwoven interlayer. The samples are prepared in two batches with different cover sheets: thermoplastic polyurethane and polypropylene. Moreover, low-melting-point polyester (LMPET) fibers and Kevlar fibers are fabricated into a LMPET/Kevlar nonwoven interlayer. The laminated composites are evaluated in terms of morphologies, mechanical properties, combustion rates, and thermal behavior. Kevlar fibers are flame resistant and mechanically strong. LMPET fibers promote the interfacial bonding between layers. Thus, the laminated composites are good candidates as packaging materials, and they can be made with rigid or soft materials, depending on specified requirements. Rigid materials can provide higher strengths, and the distribution of fibers thus helps the PP-based laminated composites to obtain higher crystal stability. Moreover, using TPU with flexibility contributes to high extensibility, which grants the laminated composites with high toughness, light weight, and low restriction against the morphology. Such manufacturing is also efficient and economical, thereby satisfying the requirements of plastic packaging materials.

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