scholarly journals A systematic review of the characteristics of interventions that promote physical activity in adults with asthma

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110593
Author(s):  
Leanne Tyson ◽  
Wendy Hardeman ◽  
Malcolm Marquette ◽  
Joanna Semlyen ◽  
Gareth Stratton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Asthma Symptoms ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

Physical activity is promoted in the asthma population through pulmonary rehabilitation, but limited funding and facilities are available. This review aimed to examine the effectiveness of interventions that promote physical activity and identify the behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and other intervention components used. Five databases were searched, and 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions had a significant positive effect on physical activity, sedentary behaviour, quality of life and asthma symptoms. BCTs used across intervention and control groups were similar in studies that showed effects and those that did not. Future interventions should employ techniques that help to maintain behaviour change.

scholarly journals Using the behaviour change technique taxonomy v1 (BCTTv1) to identify the active ingredients of pharmacist interventions to improve non-hospitalised patient health outcomes

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e036500
Author(s):  
Claire Scott ◽  
Mícheál de Barra ◽  
Marie Johnston ◽  
Marijn de Bruin ◽  
Neil Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
Secondary Outcome Measure ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Pharmacist Interventions ◽  
Hospitalised Patient ◽  
And Control

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to identify which behaviour change techniques (BCTs) were present in intervention and control groups of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) included in a Cochrane systematic review.SettingThe RCTs included were conducted in community, primary and/or ambulatory-care settings.ParticipantsThe data set was derived from 86 RCTs from an interim update of the Cochrane review of the effectiveness of pharmacist services on non-hospitalised patient outcomes.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe primary outcome was the identification of BCTs scheduled for delivery in intervention and control groups of the RCTs. The secondary outcome measure was to identify which BCTs are not being utilised in intervention and control groups of the RCTs.ResultsThe intervention and control groups included 31 and 12 BCTs, respectively. The number of identifiable BCTs/study ranged from 0 to 12 in the intervention groups (mean 3.01 (SD 2.4)) and 0 to 6 in the control groups (mean 0.38 (SD 0.84)). The most commonly identified BCTs in the intervention groups were: instruction on how to perform the behaviour (55%, n=47) (also the most common BCT in control groups); problem solving (29%, n=25); information about health consequences (24%, n=21); social support (practical) (24%, n=21); and social support (unspecified) (23%, n=20) (the second most common BCT in control groups). Thirteen trials had no identifiable BCTs in either group.ConclusionThe pharmacist interventions presented in this study did not use the full range of available BCTs. Furthermore, the reporting of BCTs was incomplete for both intervention and control groups, thereby limiting the utility and reproducibility of the interventions. Future interventions should be designed and reported using relevant taxonomies and checklists for example, BCT taxonomy and TIDieR (the template for intervention description and replication).

scholarly journals Pulmonary Rehabilitation with a Stabilometric Platform After Thoracic Surgery: A Preliminary Report

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Jastrzębski ◽  
Aleksandra Żebrowska ◽  
Sebastian Rutkowski ◽  
Anna Rutkowska ◽  
Joanna Warzecha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thoracic Surgery ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of exercises on a stabilometric platform on the physical fitness and mobility of patients with lung cancer after thoracic surgery. The Experimental Group included 22, and the Control Group consisted of 21 patients. All included patients were enrolled after thoracic surgery due to lung cancer. The Experimental and Control Groups were enrolled in a 3-week in-hospital pulmonary rehabilitation program. The Experimental Group additionally performed daily 20-min training sessions on a stabilometric platform. Agility and flexibility were assessed with the Fullerton test before and after rehabilitation in both groups, and quality of life was assessed with the SF-36 questionnaire. Exercise performance stated as a distance in a 6 min walking test (6MWT) significantly improved in both groups with a medium effect size. The results of the Fullerton test indicated improvements in flexibility in both groups after the completion of the program without a significant difference between the groups and with a small effect size. In the Experimental Group, the best results were observed in the Arm curl (p = 0.0001), Chair stand (p = 0.04), Up and go (p = 0.001) and Chair sit and reach (p = 0.0001) tasks. No deterioration in the quality of life was observed in the Experimental or the Control Group after the completion of the program. Between-group analyses revealed significant differences in the Role-Physical (RP) (p = 0.020) and Mental-Health (MH) (p = 0.025) domains of the SF-36. The rehabilitation program with a stabilometric platform improved agility and flexibility of patients after thoracic surgery without an effect size or significant differences between the Experimental and Control Groups.

scholarly journals Susceptibility to injury during a fall among blind children

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Boguszewski ◽  
Martyna Zabłocka ◽  
Jakub Adamczyk
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Blind Children ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract Introduction: The aim of this study was examine the relationship between ability of safe falls and occurrence injuries from the effect of falls, among blind children. Material and methods: More than one hundred children (10-16 years old) was in research and control groups. In the research group was 51 blind people, in control group 66 sighted in a proper manner. Test of Susceptibility to Injury During the Falls (TSIDF) by Kalina and interview directed to determine the number and frequency of falls and their consequences (number and type of injuries) and selected lifestyle factors were used as a research tools. Results: Blind children made more mistakes in test (TSIDF) than their non-disabled peers (although they are trained to safe falls). This may prove that a high susceptibility to injury of the children from the research group. However blind people had more injuries after the falls. Study confirmed positive effect of physical activity on the level of safe falls skills. Conclusion: Physical fitness, physical activity and especially exercises of safe falls skills can be important element of prevention of falls. This concern to high-risk groups, such as blind people.

scholarly journals The Use of Platelet-Rich Plasma for Treatment of Tenodesmic Lesions in Horses: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical and Experimental Data

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Chiara Montano ◽  
Luigi Auletta ◽  
Adelaide Greco ◽  
Dario Costanza ◽  
Pierpaolo Coluccia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Definitive Evidence ◽  
Dichotomous Data ◽  
And Control ◽  
Risk Ratios

The use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to enhance tenodesmic lesion healing has been questioned over the years. The aim of this study was to evaluate current literature to establish the effectiveness of PRP for treating tenodesmic lesions through a systematic review, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, and a meta-analysis. Studies comparing PRP with placebo or other treatments for horses with tenodesmic injuries or evaluated PRP effect on tendon and ligament explants were included. Outcomes were clinical, ultrasound, histologic, molecular evaluation, and adverse effects. Two authors independently extracted data and assessed each study’s risk of bias. Treatment effects were evaluated using risk ratios for dichotomous data, together with 95% CI. Data were pooled using the random-effects model. The quality of the evidence for each outcome was assessed using GRADE criteria. Twenty-four trials met inclusion criteria for systematic review, while fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Results showed no significant differences in the outcomes between PRP and control groups. Finally, there is no definitive evidence that PRP enhances tendons and ligaments healing. Therefore, there is a need for more controlled trials to draw a firmer conclusion about the efficacy of PRP as a treatment for tenodesmic lesions in the horse.

scholarly journals المناظرة وسيلة للتعايش بين الأفراد والأطراف المتباينة في المجتمع (Debate is Means of Coexistence between Individuals and diverse Population of the Nation)

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (2LING) ◽  
Author(s):  
ياسر بن إسماعيل (Yasir Bin Ismail) ◽  
رحمة أحمد عثمان (Rahmah Ahmad Osman)
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Activity Analysis ◽  
Diverse Population ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
And Control ◽  
Positive Effect

ملخص البحث:المناظرة فنّ من فنون الحوار المنضبط والمؤدب، فالمناظرة تستلزم أمرين، أولاً استجلاء كل الحجج والبراهين رغم حدّة الاختلاف فيها بين الطرفين، ثانياً تقبُّل الطرفين اختلاف الرؤى وإظهارهما الرضا بالخلاف الموجود. وقد أثبتت النتائج المبنية على الملاحظة والدراسة أن المناظرة الهادفة تدفع بالفرد والمجتمع نحو التفوّق والتفاهم والاستقرار. وهذا البحث سيكشف هذه الجوانب الإيجابية، فيبرز ما يجنيه الطالب الذي يشارك في مسابقة المناظرة من ثقة نفسية وصحة لغوية وبراعة فكرية، حيث تمّ دراسة عيّنتين ومقارنتهما، الأولى الطلبة الذين لم يشاركوا في نشاط المناظرة، والثانية الطلبة الذين شاركوا فيها، فاتّضح أنّ الطلبة المشتركين في المناظرة أكثر تفوقاً من الناحية العلمية والقيادية. كما سيُبرز البحث فوائد عديدة من بثِّ روح المناظرة الهادفة لصالح المجتمع والدولة، فمثلاً ماليزيا رغم أنها دولة ذات شعوب متعددة وأجناس مختلفة، إلاّ أنّه عبر نشر ثقافة المناظرة في مدارسها الابتدائية والثانوية وفي المراحل الجامعية، وعبر بثِّ المناظرات التي تُقام بين كبار وزرائها ومسؤوليها استطاع الشعب الماليزي أن يألف الاختلاف في وجهات النظر والتعايش في هذا الجو دون اللجوء إلى استخدام العنف والقوة.الكلمات المفتاحية: الحوار- الجدال- المناظرة- التطبيق- الآثار.Abstract:The paper aims to uncover the positive impact of debate on society as it is observed that a proper debating discipline would respect the different viewpoints and the positions of others regardless of how heated that the debate may become. Two categories of experimental and control groups were studied; the former consists of the students who participated in debate as their co-curricular activities and the latter are those who are not involved in the activity. Analysis of the comparison between two groups revealed that students who are involved in debates have better self-confidence and academic achievements than the latter. To take this positive effect to the next level, it is suggested that the debate model should also be adopted as an approach to further harmonize between the Malaysians who are of different races, religions and political affiliations so as to improve the quality of co-existence among the diverse population of the nation.Keywords: Dialogue– Argument– Debate– Application– Effects.Abstrak:Debat merupakan salah satu seni perbualan yang tersusun dan bersopan, ia memerlukan dua perkara iaitu: penjelasan setiap hujah serta bukti meskipun terdapat perbezaan pendapat oleh kedua pihak terhadap hujah tersebut, kedua belah pihak hendaklah menerima perbezaan pendapat tersebut dan bersikap menerima dengan redha akan kewujudan perbaezaan tersebut. Beberapa dapatan kajian yang dibuat melalui pemerhatian bahawa debat yang berobjektif akan mendorong seseorang individu dan sesebuah masyarakat ke arah kecemerlangan, persefahaman dan kestabilan. Kajian ini ingin mengenalpasti aspek-aspek positif ini dan dengan itu dapat memperlihatkan faedah yang diperolehi oleh pelajar yang menyertai pertandingan debat daripada keyakinan diri, kesempurnaan bahasa serta pemikiran yang tajam, iaitu dengan membuat perbandingan antara dua kumpulan sampel kajian, yang tidak menyertai pertandingan debat dan yang menyertai pertandingan debat.  Ternyata pencapaian pelajar yang menyertai pertandingan debat lebih tinggi dari segi akademik dan kepimpinan. Kajian ini juga akan menyatakan pelbagai manfaat yang boleh didapati dengan meniupkan semangat debat berobjektif demi kebaikan masyarakat dan negara, sebagai contohnya Malaysia, biarpun ia adalah negara yang berbilang bangsanya, melalui pertandingan debat yang dianjurkan di peringkat sekolah dan universiti, juga melalui perdebatan-perdebatan yang diadakan antara para menteri dan pihak berkenaan, bangsa Malaysia dapat membiasakan diri dengan perbezaan pendapat dan seterusnya hidup dengan harmoni tanpa penggunaan paksaan dan kekerasan.Kata kunci: Perbualan- Perbalahan– Debat– Aplikasi– Kesan-Kesan.

scholarly journals Fidelity of primary care nurses’ delivery of a behaviour change intervention to enhance physical activity in chronic patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heleen Westland ◽  
Jaap CA Trappenburg ◽  
Marieke J Schuurmans ◽  
Michelle Zonneveld ◽  
Carin D Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Behaviour Change ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Behaviour Change Techniques ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Chronic Patients ◽  
Quality Of Delivery

Abstract Background The effectiveness of a nurse-led intervention to enhance physical activity, the Activate intervention, was evaluated in primary care patients at risk for cardiovascular diseases in a cluster-randomised controlled trial (n = 195 patients, 31 general practices). To contribute to an accurate interpretation of the trial results, understanding of how the intervention works and enabling reproducibility, this study aimed to evaluate the fidelity of delivery of the Activate intervention by assessing: 1. self-reported fidelity of delivery; 2. observed fidelity of delivery; 3. quality of nurses’ delivery of the Activate intervention and 4. nurses’ beliefs about their capability, motivation, confidence and effectiveness towards delivering the Activate intervention, including behaviour change techniques. Methods An observational study was conducted. Nurses’ self-reported fidelity was evaluated using checklists (n = 279), and the observed fidelity and quality of delivery were examined using audio-recordings of intervention consultations (n = 44). Nurses’ beliefs towards delivering the intervention were assessed using questionnaires (n = 72). Results The self-reported fidelity was 87.6% and observed fidelity was 85.6%, representing high fidelity. The observed fidelity of applied behaviour change techniques was moderate (76.8%). The observed quality of delivery was sufficient and varied among nurses (mean 2.9; SD 4.4; range 0–4). Nurses’ beliefs about their capability, motivation, confidence and effectiveness towards delivering the intervention increased during the trial. Conclusions Nurses delivered most intervention components as intended with sufficient quality. Nurses believed they were capable, motivated and confident to deliver the intervention. They believed the intervention was effective to increase patients’ physical activity level. Despite the high fidelity and moderate fidelity of applied behaviour change techniques, the varying quality of delivery within and across nurses might have diluted the effectiveness of the Activate intervention. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02725203 registered 31 March, 2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02725203.

scholarly journals Physical activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis - an agile lifelong behaviour: a qualitative meta-synthesis

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. e001635
Author(s):  
Emma Swärdh ◽  
Christina Opava ◽  
Nina Brodin
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Body Awareness ◽  
Main Theme ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Taking Action ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundPhysical activity (PA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is considered a cornerstone in the treatment. To highlight aspects involved in supporting a positive PA behaviour, it is important to understand the patients’ perceptions of the phenomenon.ObjectiveThe aim of this qualitative meta-synthesis was to explore and synthesise patient perceptions of PA in RA.MethodsA purposeful search was conducted across three online databases (PubMed, CINAHL and Web of Science). The methodological quality of the included studies was appraised, and data were extracted and analysed using an interpretive inductive thematic synthesis.ResultsFifteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included. PA was identified as an agile lifelong behaviour, with one main theme: The disease as a persistent catalyst for or against PA illustrating how the constant presence of the disease itself underlies the entire process of a life with or without regular PA. Seven subthemes: ‘considering aggravated symptoms’, ‘acknowledging the impact on health’, ‘becoming empowered and taking action’, ‘keeping informed to increase awareness’, ‘creating body awareness’, ‘dealing with social support’ and ‘feeling satisfied with circumstances and achievements’ were interpreted as facilitators and/or challenges.ConclusionThis synthesis has identified PA as an agile lifelong behaviour in which the disease pervades all aspects of an individuals’ perception of PA. Placed in a theoretical context, our findings outline a model for tailoring PA support to the drivers and determinants of a certain individual, which will improve clinical practice for the benefit of both health professionals and patients with RA.

scholarly journals Short-term Efficacy of Upper-Extremity Exercise Training in Patients With Chronic Airway Obstruction: A Systematic Review

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 443-455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Costi ◽  
Mauro Di Bari ◽  
Paolo Pillastrini ◽  
Roberto D'Amico ◽  
Ernesto Crisafulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Patient Centered ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background, Objectives, and Measurements Patients with chronic airway obstruction (CAO) frequently experience dyspnea and fatigue during activities performed by accessory muscles of ventilation, which competitively participate in arm elevation. This systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) concerning patients with CAO addresses the effects of upper-extremity exercise training (UEET), added to lower-extremity training or comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation, on the following patient-centered outcomes: exercise capacity, symptoms, ability to perform daily activities, and health-related quality of life. Methods Studies were retrieved using comprehensive database and hand-search strategies. Two independent reviewers determined study eligibility based on inclusion criteria. A detailed description of treatments was mandatory. Reviewers rated study quality and extracted information on study methods, design, intervention, and results. Results Forty publications were evaluated. Four RCTs met the inclusion criteria but had serious methodological limitations, which introduce possible biases that reduce their internal validity. The outcomes measured were heterogeneous, and the results were inconsistent regarding maximal exercise capacity, dyspnea, and health-related quality of life. No effect of UEET was demonstrated for measures of arm fatigue. Limitations and Conclusions The limited methodological quality of the studies retrieved prevented us from performing a meta-analysis, the results of which could be misleading. This systematic review shows that there is limited evidence examining UEET and that the evidence available is of poor quality. Therefore, a recommendation for the inclusion or exclusion of UEET in pulmonary rehabilitation programs for individuals with CAO is not possible. Further research is needed to definitively ascertain the effects of this training modality on patient-centered outcomes.

scholarly journals Promoting Diet and Physical Activity in Nurses

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Torquati ◽  
Toby Pavey ◽  
Tracy Kolbe-Alexander ◽  
Michael Leveritt
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
English Language ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Student Nurses ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Data Synthesis ◽  
Diet And Physical Activity ◽  
Data Source

Objective. To systematically review the effectiveness of intervention studies promoting diet and physical activity (PA) in nurses. Data Source. English language manuscripts published between 1970 and 2014 in PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, and EMBASE, as well as those accessed with the PICO tool, were reviewed. Study Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria. Inclusion criteria comprised (1) nurses/student nurses working in a health care setting and (2) interventions where PA and/or diet behaviors were the primary outcome. Exclusion criteria were (1) non–peer-reviewed articles or conference abstracts and (2) interventions focused on treatment of chronic conditions or lifestyle factors other than PA or diet in nurses. Data Extraction. Seventy-one full texts were retrieved and assessed for inclusion by two reviewers. Data were extracted by one reviewer and checked for accuracy by a second reviewer. Data Synthesis. Extracted data were synthesized in a tabular format and narrative summary. Results. Nine (n = 737 nurses) studies met the inclusion criteria. Quality of the studies was low to moderate. Four studies reported an increase in self-reported PA through structured exercise and goal setting. Dietary outcomes were generally positive, but were only measured in three studies with some limitations in the assessment methods. Two studies reported improved body composition without significant changes in diet or PA. Conclusions. Outcomes of interventions to change nurses’ PA and diet behavior are promising, but inconsistent. Additional and higher quality interventions that include objective and validated outcome measures and appropriate process evaluation are required.

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