scholarly journals Racial attitude (dis)similarity and liking in same-race minority interactions

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 501-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randi L. Garcia ◽  
Hilary B. Bergsieker ◽  
J. Nicole Shelton
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
Racial Attitude ◽  
Predominately White ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Racial Issues ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Interpersonal Liking

Two studies investigate the relationship between racial attitude (dis)similarity and interpersonal liking for racial minorities and Whites in same-race and cross-race pairs. In nationally representative and local samples, minorities report personally caring about racial issues more than Whites do (Pilot Study), which we theorize makes racial attitude divergence with ingroup members especially disruptive. Both established friendships (Study 1) and face-to-face interactions among strangers (Study 2) provided evidence for the dissimilarity-repulsion hypothesis in same-race interactions for minorities but not Whites. For minorities, disagreeing with a minority partner or friend about racial attitudes decreased their positivity toward that person. Because minorities typically report caring about race more than Whites, same-race friendships involving shared racial attitudes may be particularly critical sources of social support for them, particularly in predominately White contexts. Understanding challenges that arise in same-race interactions, not just cross-race interactions, can help create environments in which same-race minority friendships flourish.

scholarly journals Teleworking in Times of COVID-19: Effects on the Acquisition of Personal Resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Pulido-Martos ◽  
Daniel Cortés-Denia ◽  
Esther Lopez-Zafra
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Personal Resource ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
Labor Resources ◽  
The Relationship

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced many employees to introduce different degrees of teleworking, leading to a transformation of the psychosocial work environment. In this study, we analyzed whether the relationship between a labor resource, social support, and a personal resource, vigor at work, is affected by the work modality (face-to-face, hybrid that includes face-to-face work and telework time, and telework caused by the current pandemic situation). Five hundred and forty-three employees answered an online questionnaire about their perceptions of the levels of social support, vigor experienced in the last month, and work modality. Seniority in the organization and the gender of the employees were controlled for. The model fit was significant [F(7, 535) = 20.816, p < 0.001], accounting for 21% of the variation in vigor (R2 = 0.21). The interaction was also significant [F(2, 535) = 4.13, p < 0.05], with an increase of 1% in the explanation of the variance in vigor at work (ΔR2 = 0.01). Differences were found in the positive relationship between levels of social support and vigor at work, among the face-to-face and telework modalities (hybrid and telework), but not between teleworking modalities. As a result, we posit that the different forms of telework moderate (buffer) the relationship experienced between labor resources (social support) and personal resources (vigor at work). This implies that, for the design of teleworking conditions, it is necessary to provide work resources similar to those in face-to-face settings, such as social support.

Social Support and Divorce among American Couples

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-109
Author(s):  
Marina Haddock Potter
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Social Ties ◽  
Married Couples ◽  
Perceived Support ◽  
Spousal Relationships ◽  
Need For Support ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Divorce Risk

This study investigates the relationship between extradyadic social support and divorce risk, net of existing need for support. Social support aids couples in weathering challenges but social ties may also enable divorce or compete with spousal relationships. Using a nationally representative sample of married couples in the National Survey of Families and Households ( N = 7,321), this study employs discrete-time event history models to test the associations of perceived support and help received with divorce risk. Results indicate that perceived support is positively associated with divorce, and this relationship persists even after accounting for couples’ needs. Specifically, perceived emotional support positively predicts divorce risk. This finding suggests that social ties may sometimes challenge marital relationships or facilitate divorce.

Does Relation Between Women’s Justification of Wife Beating and Intimate Partner Violence Differ in Context of Husband’s Controlling Attitudes in Nigeria?

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adegbenga M. Sunmola ◽  
Olusegun A. Mayungbo ◽  
Gregory A. Ashefor ◽  
Luqman A. Morakinyo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Wife Beating ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Controlling and domineering attitudes of husbands are risk factors for women’s experience of physical, sexual, and emotional violence in Nigeria. Other studies imply that husband’s attitudes may also influence the risk of women’s justification of wife beating. Consistently, it was hypothesized that husband’s controlling and domineering attitudes would influence the relationship between women’s justification of wife beating and the three types of violence experience. Participants were 19,360 nationally representative sample of married women in Nigeria. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Regression analyses were conducted to analyze the contributions of justification of wife beating and husband attitudes to the three types of women’s violence experience. Findings showed that women who justified wife beating experienced more physical, sexual, and emotional violence. The relationship of justification of wife beating still persisted with sexual and emotional violence in the context of husband’s controlling and domineering attitudes. Implications of study findings were discussed.

scholarly journals Perception of Harms and Benefits of Electronic Cigarettes Among Adult Malaysian Men: A Comparison by Electronic Cigarette Use and Smoking Status

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (7_suppl) ◽  
pp. 32S-43S ◽  
Author(s):  
Caryn Mei Hsien Chan ◽  
Jamalludin Ab Rahman ◽  
Guat Hiong Tee ◽  
Lei Hum Wee ◽  
Bee Kiau Ho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Cigarettes ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Government Employees ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Wage Earners ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Little is known about the perceptions of harm and benefit associated with the use of e-cigarettes in Malaysia. This was a cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative sample comprising 1987 males (≥18 years of age). Current, former, and never users of conventional cigarettes and/or e-cigarettes participated in a questionnaire study conducted via face-to-face interviews. The relationship between participant characteristics and perceptions of harm and benefit of e-cigarettes were determined with multivariable logistic regression. There were 950 current, 377 former, and 660 never users of e-cigarettes. Government employees (odds ratio [OR] = 1.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.29-2.66, P = .001), private sector employees (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.27-2.18, P = .001), and the self-employed people (OR = 1.68, 95% CI = 1.31-2.17, P = .001) were more likely to perceive e-cigarettes as more harmful than conventional cigarettes compared with respondents who were not wage earners. All current users in the form of e-cigarette users (OR = 7.87, 95% CI = 3.23-19.18), conventional cigarette smokers (OR = 1.80, 95% CI = 1.39-2.33), and dual users (OR = 8.59, 95% CI = 4.76-15.52) were more likely to perceive e-cigarettes as useful in quitting conventional cigarette smoking compared with former and never users. Our findings constitute an important snapshot into the perceptions of e-cigarette harms and benefits, which could inform targeted public health messaging strategies.

scholarly journals Poverty, Child Labor, and Hope: The Relationship between Hope and Perceived Social Support in Children Working in Street Markets in TRC2 Region of Turkey

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Mehmet Reşit Sevinç ◽  
Mustafa Hakkı Aydoğdu ◽  
Mehmet Cançelik ◽  
Turan Binici ◽  
Muhammed Ali Palabıçak
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Child Labor ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Working Children ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
The Future ◽  
Sampling Volume ◽  
The Relationship

Diyarbakır and Şanlıurfa (TRC2 Region) are the cities within the provinces of Turkey that have a high prevalence of poverty with an associated high child population. Due to the poverty in the cities of Diyarbakır and Şanlıurfa, this study investigated children working as a carrier in six purposefully selected districts, street markets, with the aim of providing social support for them to look forward to the future with hope. The research was conducted in 2019 by using questionnaires through face-to-face interviews, to cover all children in selected street markets within the scope of the full sampling volume. The data were analyzed using a structural equation modeling method. According to the results, 61.2% of working children are students, but most of them do not go to attend school; 8.7% of working children are the children of the Syrian refugees. Children work an average of 4.3 days a week and 8.6 h a day, with an average income of USD 1.6/day. As a result of the analysis, it was shown that the children received the most social support from their schoolmates (r = 0.428) to have hope in the future. This result shows that it is compulsory to include children in the education system. In this context, it is recommended that the financial contribution of children to their families should be paid by the state within the scope of social assistance and solidarity. Besides, strengthening social awareness and providing solidarity would contribute to the solution of the problem. The data obtained from this research could be used in studies and policies, to develop the concept of hope for combating poverty in regions with similar socio-economic characteristics. This research is the first of its type conducted on this issue in Turkey.

scholarly journals Thank God? The Effect of Religious Attitudes and Behaviors on Emotions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jadon Sokoll-Ward
Keyword(s):  
Religious Affiliation ◽  
General Social Survey ◽  
Religious Service Attendance ◽  
Social Survey ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Religious Attitudes ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Relationship

What is the effect of one’s religious attitudes and behaviors on the frequency of different emotions? I propose that a stronger religious affiliation and a higher frequency of attending religious services will lead to feeling happy and ashamed more often and feeling sad, anxious, and mad less often. Further, I propose that a higher frequency of prayer will lead to feeling sad, anxious, mad, and ashamed more often and feeling happy less often. I analyze the frequency of these emotions in 892 respondents to the 1996 General Social Survey, a nationally representative dataset obtained via face to face interviews. Regression analysis revealed that more frequent prayer leads to feeling sad and ashamed more often, and more frequent religious service attendance leads to feeling anxious less often. Demographic control variables are also found to have an effect on how frequently one feels sad, mad, and anxious. The results offer partial support for the hypotheses. Further research is necessary to reconcile these differences and to explain the mechanisms by which the relationship between religiosity and emotions operates.

scholarly journals Social Support, Coping Behaviors, and Resilience Among African Americans During COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 198-198
Author(s):  
Sung Park
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multiple Health

Abstract Enduring structural inequalities in the United States by race have only become more apparent during COVID-19, as African Americans experienced significant health and economic challenges that far exceeded those observed among other racial and ethnic groups. Relying on multiple nationally representative surveys, this study examines the diversity of ways in which middle-aged and older African Americans’ managed the stress and pressures associated with the pandemic. I summarize the inequities faced by African Americans before and during COVID-19, as well as trends in the utilization of social support, coping behaviors, and degree of resilience. Furthermore, this study investigates the relationship between social support and coping strategies to multiple health outcomes over time. When appropriate, comparisons to other racial and ethnic groups are made. This research underscores the importance of considering social relationships and modifiable coping behaviors when studying African American aging and well-being during times of crisis.

scholarly journals Social Networks and Depression Over Time: The Mediating Role of Social Support and Social Isolation

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 407-408
Author(s):  
Abhijit Visaria ◽  
Pildoo Sung ◽  
Angelique W M Chan
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Perceived Social Isolation ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract It is well established that a strong social network is an important factor for successful ageing, specifically for promoting and maintaining psychological wellbeing at older ages. Strong social networks are a source of social support especially at a time of need, and can also help older adults remain connected, active, and engaged in group activities. In this study, we seek to better understand the underlying pathways in the relationship between social networks and depressive symptoms, specifically comparing the extent to which the relationship is mediated by the receipt of material/monetary support, relative to perceived social isolation. We use data from the Panel on Health and Aging of Singaporean Elderly, a nationally-representative study of older Singapore citizens and permanent residents aged 60 years and older in 2009 (N=4990), with two follow-up surveys in 2011 (N=3103) and 2015 (N=1572). We conduct cross-lagged mediation analysis, and control for a number of potential confounders including cognitive function, chronic physical ailments, socioeconomic status, and demographic variables such as age, sex, marital status, and family size. Our preliminary analysis shows that a reciprocal relationship between social networks and depressive symptoms is mediated to a larger extent by social isolation compared to weaker social support.

scholarly journals Depressive Symptoms and Loneliness Among Black and White Older Adults: The Moderating Effects of Race

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 24-24
Author(s):  
Harry Taylor ◽  
Ann Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Religious Attendance ◽  
Religious Service Attendance ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
White Adults

Abstract Loneliness is consistently linked to worse depression/depressive symptoms; however, few studies examined if this relationship varies by race. The purpose of this study was to determine if race moderated the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms among a nationally representative sample of older Black and White adults. Data come from the 2014 wave of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Core survey and Psychosocial Leave Behind Questionnaire; only Black and White older adults were included in the analysis (N=6,469). Depressive symptoms were operationalized by the CESD; however, the ‘felt lonely’ item was removed given concerns with collinearity. Loneliness was operationalized using the Hughes 3-Item Loneliness Scale. Sociodemographic variables included gender, age, education, household income, employment status, marital status, and living alone or with others. Furthermore, social support and negative interactions from family members and friends, and religious service attendance were included in the analysis. Lastly, we created an interaction term with race and loneliness. All analyses used survey weights to account for the complex multistage sampling design of the HRS. Missing data were multiply imputed. Older Blacks had higher rates of loneliness and depressive symptoms compared to older Whites. In multivariate analysis, we found race significantly moderated the relationship between loneliness and depressive symptoms while controlling for sociodemographic, social support, negative interaction, and religious attendance covariates. For both older Blacks and Whites, greater loneliness affected depressive symptoms; however, the effect was stronger among Whites than it was for Blacks. Findings can be used to create racially sensitive depression interventions.

Career Indecision Among LGB College Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 536-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Winderman ◽  
Colleen E. Martin ◽  
Nathan Grant Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
College Students ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Career Indecision ◽  
Predominately White ◽  
Community Connectedness ◽  
Integral Process ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Although several studies have examined the ways in which lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals experience difficulties with career decision-making, little is known about the impact of minority stressors on this integral process. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between minority stressors, LGB community connectedness, social support, and four facets of career indecision among LGB college students. Participants ( N = 270) were predominately White (53.7%), bisexual (57.8%), single (42.2%), and female (59.6%). Hierarchical linear regression analyses revealed that social support was protective against lack of readiness (β = −.39, p < .001) and interpersonal conflict (IPC; β = −.30, p < .001). Moreover, an interactive effect of internalized homonegativity and community affiliation was protective against IPC (β = −.22, p < .05). Implications for researchers and career counselors are discussed.

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